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Boeno CN, Paloschi MV, Lopes JA, Pires WL, Setúbal SDS, Evangelista JR, Soares AM, Zuliani JP. Inflammasome Activation Induced by a Snake Venom Lys49-Phospholipase A 2 Homologue. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 12:toxins12010022. [PMID: 31906173 PMCID: PMC7020408 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Snake venom phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) have hemolytic, anticoagulant, myotoxic, oedematogenic, bactericidal, and inflammatory actions. BthTX-I, a Lys49-PLA2 isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom, is an example of Lys49-PLA2 that presents such actions. NLRP3 is a cytosolic receptor from the NLR family responsible for inflammasome activation via caspase-1 activation and IL-1β liberation. The study of NLRs that recognize tissue damage and activate the inflammasome is relevant in envenomation. Methods: Male mice (18–20 g) received an intramuscular injection of BthTX-I or sterile saline. The serum was collected for creatine-kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) assays, and muscle was removed for inflammasome activation immunoblotting and qRT-PCR expression for nucleotide and oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing protein family, pyrin-containing domain 3 receptor (NLRP3) inflammasome components. Results: BthTX-I-induced inflammation and myonecrosis, shown by intravital microscope, and LDH and CK release, respectively. Mouse treatment with A438079, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, did not modify these effects. BthTX-I induced inflammasome activation in muscle, but P2X7R participation in this effect was not observed. Conclusion: Together, the results showed for the first time that BthTX-I in gastrocnemius muscle induces inflammation and consequently, inflammasome activation via NLRP3 with caspase-1 activation and IL-1β liberation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Nunes Boeno
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Mauro Valentino Paloschi
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Jéssica Amaral Lopes
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Weverson Luciano Pires
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Sulamita da Silva Setúbal
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Jaína Rodrigues Evangelista
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Andreimar Martins Soares
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil;
- Centro Universitário São Lucas, UniSL, 76805-846 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pavan Zuliani
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular Aplicada à Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil; (C.N.B.); (M.V.P.); (J.A.L.); (W.L.P.); (S.d.S.S.); (J.R.E.)
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde (CEBio), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ Rondônia e Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, 76812-245 Porto Velho-RO, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-69-3219-6010; Fax: +55-69-3219-6000
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Ramos OHP, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Snake venom metalloproteases--structure and function of catalytic and disintegrin domains. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 142:328-346. [PMID: 16434235 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2005] [Revised: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 11/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Snake venoms are relevant sources of toxins that have evolved towards the engineering of highly active compounds. In the last years, research efforts have produced great advance in their understanding and uses. Metalloproteases with disintegrin domains are among the most abundant toxins in many Viperidae snake venoms. This review will focus on the structure, function and possible applications of the metalloprotease and disintegrin domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- O H P Ramos
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - H S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Liu Q, Xu W, Cheng X, Jin G, Shen X, Lou H, Liu J. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding haemorrhagic toxin acutolysin A from Agkistrodon acutus. Toxicon 1999; 37:1539-48. [PMID: 10482389 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
By means of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, a full-length cDNA of 1632 bp is amplified from the snake venom gland total RNA of Agkistrodon acutus. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence indicates that the amplified cDNA contains a complete open reading frame encoding 413 amino acid residues including signal peptide sequence, zymogen sequence and proteinase domain. The zymogen sequence contains PKMCGVT motif which is highly conserved in almost all venom metalloproteinases. The metalloproteinase domain contains the conserved signature zinc-binding motif HEXXHXXGXXH in the catalytic region. The predicted amino acid sequence of the metalloproteinase domain is identical to the crystallographic sequence of acutolysin A and also shares high homology with other class I snake venom haemorrhagic toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Yamada D, Shin Y, Morita T. Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a common precursor of disintegrin flavostatin and hemorrhagic factor HR2a from the venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis. FEBS Lett 1999; 451:299-302. [PMID: 10371209 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis has three disintegrins that act as platelet aggregation inhibitors by binding to integrin alphaIIb beta3 on platelets through its Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. We isolated the cDNA encoding the flavostatin precursor that is one of the disintegrins in T. flavoviridis venom. The open reading frame consisted of four regions, a pre-peptide region, a metalloprotease region, a spacer region and a disintegrin region, indicating that the flavostatin precursor belongs to the metalloprotease/disintegrin family. Surprisingly, the deduced amino acid sequence of the metalloprotease region was completely consistent with that of hemorrhagic metalloprotease HR2a, which indicated that this metalloprotease released from the flavostatin precursor functions as a hemorrhagic factor. These observations indicated that a disintegrin and a hemorrhagic metalloprotease were synthesized as a common precursor. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that a disintegrin is synthesized as a metalloprotease/disintegrin precursor and matures by cleavage from the precursor molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
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