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Maia MA, Dotto GL, Perez-Lopez OW, Gutterres M. Phosphate removal from industrial wastewaters using layered double hydroxides. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3095-3105. [PMID: 31975636 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1722257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Mg-Al and Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and employed to remove phosphate from synthetic aqueous solutions and industrial wastewaters. LDH were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET method), thermal analyses (TG-DTA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD and TG-DTA analysis showed that Mg-Al and Zn-Al formed the LDH structure. Experimental adsorption data indicated that pseudo-second order model best described phosphate adsorption kinetics. Data of equilibrium experiments fitted well to Sips and Freundlich models for Mg-Al and Zn-Al, respectively. The effect of co-existing anions on the phosphate adsorption capacity was analyzed by utilizing industrial wastewater. The results showed that the phosphate removal decreases in the presence of other anions. Mg-Al adsorbent exhibited 74% removal of phosphate with a dosage of 5 g/L in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Avena Maia
- Laboratory for Leather and Environmental Studies - LACOURO, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Catalytic Processes - PROCAT, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Dotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Oscar W Perez-Lopez
- Laboratory of Catalytic Processes - PROCAT, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariliz Gutterres
- Laboratory for Leather and Environmental Studies - LACOURO, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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2
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Paula FS, Chin JP, Schnürer A, Müller B, Manesiotis P, Waters N, Macintosh KA, Quinn JP, Connolly J, Abram F, McGrath JW, O'Flaherty V. The potential for polyphosphate metabolism in Archaea and anaerobic polyphosphate formation in Methanosarcina mazei. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17101. [PMID: 31745137 PMCID: PMC6864096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is ubiquitous across all forms of life, but the study of its metabolism has been mainly confined to bacteria and yeasts. Few reports detail the presence and accumulation of polyP in Archaea, and little information is available on its functions and regulation. Here, we report that homologs of bacterial polyP metabolism proteins are present across the major taxa in the Archaea, suggesting that archaeal populations may have a greater contribution to global phosphorus cycling than has previously been recognised. We also demonstrate that polyP accumulation can be induced under strictly anaerobic conditions, in response to changes in phosphate (Pi) availability, i.e. Pi starvation, followed by incubation in Pi replete media (overplus), in cells of the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina mazei. Pi-starved M. mazei cells increased transcript abundance of the alkaline phosphatase (phoA) gene and of the high-affinity phosphate transport (pstSCAB-phoU) operon: no increase in polyphosphate kinase 1 (ppk1) transcript abundance was observed. Subsequent incubation of Pi-starved M. mazei cells under Pi replete conditions, led to a 237% increase in intracellular polyphosphate content and a > 5.7-fold increase in ppk1 gene transcripts. Ppk1 expression in M. mazei thus appears not to be under classical phosphate starvation control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana S Paula
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland.
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jason P Chin
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bettina Müller
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis Manesiotis
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Nicholas Waters
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland
- Information and Computational Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Katrina A Macintosh
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - John P Quinn
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jasmine Connolly
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - Florence Abram
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - John W McGrath
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Vincent O'Flaherty
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland.
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3
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Wang X, Wang X, Hui K, Wei W, Zhang W, Miao A, Xiao L, Yang L. Highly Effective Polyphosphate Synthesis, Phosphate Removal, and Concentration Using Engineered Environmental Bacteria Based on a Simple Solo Medium-Copy Plasmid Strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:214-222. [PMID: 29190088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polyphosphate (polyP) production is vital to the removal of phosphate from wastewater. However, to date, engineered polyP synthesis using genetically accessible environmental bacteria remains a challenge. This study develops a simple solo medium-copy plasmid-based polyphosphate kinase (PPK1) overexpression strategy for achieving maximum intracellular polyphosphate accumulation by environmental bacteria. The polyP content of the subsequently engineered Citrobacter freundii (CPP) could reach as high as 12.7% of its dry weight. The biomass yield of CPP was also guaranteed because of negligible metabolic burden effects resulting from the medium plasmid copy number. Consequently, substantial removal of phosphate (Pi) from the ambient environment was achieved simultaneously. Because of the need for exogenous Pi for in vivo ATP regeneration, CPP could thoroughly remove Pi from synthetic municipal wastewater when it was applied for the "one-step" removal of Pi with a bench-scale sequence batch membrane reactor. Almost all the phosphorus except for that assimilated by CPP for cellular growth could be recovered in the form of more concentrated Pi. Overall, engineering environmental bacteria to overexpress PPK1 via a solo medium-copy plasmid strategy may represent a valuable general option for not only biotechnological research based on sufficient intracellular polyP production but also removal of Pi from wastewater and Pi enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Kaimin Hui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Chemistry and BioMedical Science, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210046, P. R. China
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4
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Weerasekara AW, Jenkins S, Abbott LK, Waite I, McGrath JW, Larma I, Eroglu E, O'Donnell A, Whiteley AS. Microbial phylogenetic and functional responses within acidified wastewater communities exhibiting enhanced phosphate uptake. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:55-61. [PMID: 27566512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acid stimulated accumulation of insoluble phosphorus within microbial cells is highly beneficial to wastewater treatment but remains largely unexplored. Using single cell analyses and next generation sequencing, the response of active polyphosphate accumulating microbial communities under conditions of enhanced phosphorus uptake under both acidic and aerobic conditions was characterised. Phosphorus accumulation activities were highest under acidic conditions (pH 5.5>8.5), where a significant positive effect on bioaccumulation was observed at pH 5.5 when compared to pH 8.5. In contrast to the Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria dominated enhanced biological phosphorus removal process, the functionally active polyP accumulators at pH 5.5 belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria, with key accumulators identified as members of the families Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. This study demonstrated a significant enrichment of key polyphosphate kinase and exopolyphosphatase genes within the community metagenome after acidification, concomitant with an increase in P accumulation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjani W Weerasekara
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sasha Jenkins
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lynette K Abbott
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian Waite
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John W McGrath
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queens University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Irma Larma
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (CMCA), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ela Eroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony O'Donnell
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia; Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew S Whiteley
- School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
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5
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Phosphorus from wastewater to crops: An alternative path involving microalgae. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:550-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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6
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Keating C, Chin JP, Hughes D, Manesiotis P, Cysneiros D, Mahony T, Smith CJ, McGrath JW, O'Flaherty V. Biological Phosphorus Removal During High-Rate, Low-Temperature, Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:226. [PMID: 26973608 PMCID: PMC4776080 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report, for the first time, extensive biologically mediated phosphate removal from wastewater during high-rate anaerobic digestion (AD). A hybrid sludge bed/fixed-film (packed pumice stone) reactor was employed for low-temperature (12°C) anaerobic treatment of synthetic sewage wastewater. Successful phosphate removal from the wastewater (up to 78% of influent phosphate) was observed, mediated by biofilms in the reactor. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed the accumulation of elemental phosphorus (∼2%) within the sludge bed and fixed-film biofilms. 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining indicated phosphorus accumulation was biological in nature and mediated through the formation of intracellular inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) granules within these biofilms. DAPI staining further indicated that polyP accumulation was rarely associated with free cells. Efficient and consistent chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was recorded, throughout the 732-day trial, at applied organic loading rates between 0.4 and 1.5 kg COD m-3 d-1 and hydraulic retention times of 8–24 h, while phosphate removal efficiency ranged from 28 to 78% on average per phase. Analysis of protein hydrolysis kinetics and the methanogenic activity profiles of the biomass revealed the development, at 12°C, of active hydrolytic and methanogenic populations. Temporal microbial changes were monitored using Illumina MiSeq analysis of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences. The dominant bacterial phyla present in the biomass at the conclusion of the trial were the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and the dominant archaeal genus was Methanosaeta. Trichococcus and Flavobacterium populations, previously associated with low temperature protein degradation, developed in the reactor biomass. The presence of previously characterized polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) such as Rhodocyclus, Chromatiales, Actinobacter, and Acinetobacter was recorded at low numbers. However, it is unknown as yet if these were responsible for the luxury polyP uptake observed in this system. The possibility of efficient phosphate removal and recovery from wastewater during AD would represent a major advance in the scope for widespread application of anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara Keating
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Jason P Chin
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast Belfast, UK
| | - Dermot Hughes
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Panagiotis Manesiotis
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast Belfast, UK
| | - Denise Cysneiros
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Therese Mahony
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - Cindy J Smith
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
| | - John W McGrath
- School of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Global Food Security, The Queen's University of Belfast Belfast, UK
| | - Vincent O'Flaherty
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway Ireland
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7
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Islam M, Mishra S, Swain SK, Patel R, Dey RK, Naushad M. Evaluation of Phosphate Removal Efficiency from Aqueous Solution by Polypyrrole/BOF Slag Nanocomposite. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2014.933981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Choi MY, Wang Y, Wong LLY, Lu BT, Chen WY, Huang JD, Tanner JA, Watt RM. The two PPX-GppA homologues from Mycobacterium tuberculosis have distinct biochemical activities. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42561. [PMID: 22880033 PMCID: PMC3411833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (poly-P), guanosine pentaphosphate (pppGpp) and guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) are ubiquitous in bacteria. These molecules play a variety of important physiological roles associated with stress resistance, persistence, and virulence. In the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the identities of the proteins responsible for the metabolism of polyphosphate and (p)ppGpp remain to be fully established. M. tuberculosis encodes two PPX-GppA homologues, Rv0496 (MTB-PPX1) and Rv1026, which share significant sequence similarity with bacterial exopolyphosphatase (PPX) and guanosine pentaphosphate 5′-phosphohydrolase (GPP) proteins. Here we delineate the respective biochemical activities of the Rv0496 and Rv1026 proteins and benchmark these against the activities of the PPX and GPP proteins from Escherichia coli. We demonstrate that Rv0496 functions as an exopolyphosphatase, showing a distinct preference for relatively short-chain poly-P substrates. In contrast, Rv1026 has no detectable exopolyphosphatase activities. Analogous to the E. coli PPX and GPP enzymes, the exopolyphosphatase activities of Rv0496 are inhibited by pppGpp and, to a lesser extent, by ppGpp alarmones, which are produced during the bacterial stringent response. However, neither Rv0496 nor Rv1026 have the ability to hydrolyze pppGpp to ppGpp; a reaction catalyzed by E. coli PPX and GPP. Both the Rv0496 and Rv1026 proteins have modest ATPase and to a lesser extent ADPase activities. pppGpp alarmones inhibit the ATPase activities of Rv1026 and, to a lesser extent, the ATPase activities of Rv0496. We conclude that PPX-GppA family proteins may not possess all the catalytic activities implied by their name and may play distinct biochemical roles involved in polyphosphate and (p)ppGpp metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Y. Choi
- Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Leo L. Y. Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bing-tai Lu
- Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen-yang Chen
- Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Julian A. Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rory M. Watt
- Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
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9
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Breus NA, Ryazanova LP, Dmitriev VV, Kulakovskaya TV, Kulaev IS. Accumulation of phosphate and polyphosphate by Cryptococcus humicola and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the absence of nitrogen. FEMS Yeast Res 2012; 12:617-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2012.00812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Breus
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino; Russia
| | - Lubov P. Ryazanova
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino; Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Dmitriev
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino; Russia
| | - Tatiana V. Kulakovskaya
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino; Russia
| | - Igor S. Kulaev
- Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino; Russia
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10
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Kulakovskaya TV, Vagabov VM, Kulaev IS. Inorganic polyphosphate in industry, agriculture and medicine: Modern state and outlook. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Kulakova AN, Hobbs D, Smithen M, Pavlov E, Gilbert JA, Quinn JP, McGrath JW. Direct quantification of inorganic polyphosphate in microbial cells using 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:7799-7803. [PMID: 21875055 DOI: 10.1021/es201123r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is increasingly being recognized as an important phosphorus sink within the environment, playing a central role in phosphorus exchange and phosphogenesis. Yet despite the significant advances made in polyP research there is a lack of rapid and efficient analytical approaches for the quantification of polyP accumulation in microbial cultures and environmental samples. A major drawback is the need to extract polyP from cells prior to analysis. Due to extraction inefficiencies this can lead to an underestimation of both intracellular polyP levels and its environmental pool size: we observed 23-58% loss of polyP using standard solutions and current protocols. Here we report a direct fluorescence based DAPI assay system which removes the requirement for prior polyP extraction before quantification. This increased the efficiency of polyP detection by 28-55% in microbial cultures suggesting quantitative measurement of the intracellular polyP pool. It provides a direct polyP assay which combines quantification capability with technical simplicity. This is an important step forward in our ability to explore the role of polyP in cellular biology and biogeochemical nutrient cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Kulakova
- School of Biological Sciences and QUESTOR Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Rd., Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland
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12
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Temperton B, Gilbert JA, Quinn JP, McGrath JW. Novel analysis of oceanic surface water metagenomes suggests importance of polyphosphate metabolism in oligotrophic environments. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16499. [PMID: 21305044 PMCID: PMC3030594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate is a ubiquitous linear homopolymer of phosphate residues linked by high-energy bonds similar to those found in ATP. It has been associated with many processes including pathogenicity, DNA uptake and multiple stress responses across all domains. Bacteria have also been shown to use polyphosphate as a way to store phosphate when transferred from phosphate-limited to phosphate-rich media--a process exploited in wastewater treatment and other environmental contaminant remediation. Despite this, there has, to date, been little research into the role of polyphosphate in the survival of marine bacterioplankton in oligotrophic environments. The three main proteins involved in polyphosphate metabolism, Ppk1, Ppk2 and Ppx are multi-domain and have differential inter-domain and inter-gene conservation, making unbiased analysis of relative abundance in metagenomic datasets difficult. This paper describes the development of a novel Isofunctional Homolog Annotation Tool (IHAT) to detect homologs of genes with a broad range of conservation without bias of traditional expect-value cutoffs. IHAT analysis of the Global Ocean Sampling (GOS) dataset revealed that genes associated with polyphosphate metabolism are more abundant in environments where available phosphate is limited, suggesting an important role for polyphosphate metabolism in marine oligotrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Temperton
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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13
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Delaney P, McManamon C, Hanrahan JP, Copley MP, Holmes JD, Morris MA. Development of chemically engineered porous metal oxides for phosphate removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 185:382-391. [PMID: 20934247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the application of ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) doped with various metal oxides (Zr, Ti, Fe and Al) were studied for the removal of (ortho) phosphate ions from water by adsorption. The materials were characterized by means of N(2) physisorption (BET), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The doped materials had surface areas between 600 and 700 m(2)g(-1) and exhibited pore sizes of 44-64 Å. Phosphate adsorption was determined by measurement of the aqueous concentration of orthophosphate using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy before and after extraction. The effects of different metal oxide loading ratios, initial concentration of phosphate solution, temperature and pH effects on the efficiency of phosphate removal were investigated. The doped mesoporous materials were effective adsorbents of orthophosphate and up to 100% removal was observed under appropriate conditions. 'Back extracting' the phosphate from the doped silica (following water treatment) was also investigated and shown to have little adverse effect on the adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Delaney
- Department of Chemistry, Supercritical Fluid Centre and Materials Section, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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14
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Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (Poly P) is a polymer of tens to hundreds of phosphate residues linked by "high-energy" phosphoanhydride bonds as in ATP. Found in abundance in all cells in nature, it is unique in its likely role in the origin and survival of species. Here, we present extensive evidence that the remarkable properties of Poly P as a polyanion have made it suited for a crucial role in the emergence of cells on earth. Beyond that, Poly P has proved in a variety of ways to be essential for growth of cells, their responses to stresses and stringencies, and the virulence of pathogens. In this review, we pay particular attention to the enzyme, polyphosphate kinase 1 (Poly P kinase 1 or PPK1), responsible for Poly P synthesis and highly conserved in many bacterial species, including 20 or more of the major pathogens. Mutants lacking PPK1 are defective in motility, quorum sensing, biofilm formation, and virulence. Structural studies are cited that reveal the conserved ATP-binding site of PPK1 at atomic resolution and reveal that the site can be blocked with minute concentrations of designed inhibitors. Another widely conserved enzyme is PPK2, which has distinctive kinetic properties and is also implicated in the virulence of some pathogens. Thus, these enzymes, absent in yeast and animals, are novel attractive targets for treatment of many microbial diseases. Still another enzyme featured in this review is one discovered in Dictyostelium discoideum that becomes an actin-like fiber concurrent with the synthesis, step by step, of a Poly P chain made from ATP. The Poly P-actin fiber complex, localized in the cell, lengthens and recedes in response to metabolic signals. Homologs of DdPPK2 are found in pathogenic protozoa and in the alga Chlamydomonas. Beyond the immediate relevance of Poly P as a target for anti-infective drugs, a large variety of cellular operations that rely on Poly P will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana N Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Ryazanova LP, Suzina NE, Kulakovskaya TV, Kulaev IS. Phosphate accumulation of Acetobacter xylinum. Arch Microbiol 2009; 191:467-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-009-0470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ryazanova LP, Smirnov AV, Kulakovskaya TV, Kulaev IS. Decrease of phosphate concentration in the medium by Brevibacterium casei cells. Microbiology (Reading) 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261707060033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Chávez FP, Gordillo F, Jerez CA. Adaptive responses and cellular behaviour of biphenyl-degrading bacteria toward polychlorinated biphenyls. Biotechnol Adv 2006; 24:309-20. [PMID: 16413162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the most widely distributed classes of chlorinated chemicals in the environment. For cleanup of large areas of PCB-contaminated environments, bioremediation seems to be a promising approach. However, the multitude of PCB congeners, their low bioavailability and high toxicity are important factors that affect the cleanup progression. Elucidating how the PCB-degrading microorganisms involved in the process adapt to and deal with the stressing conditions caused by this class of compounds may help to improve the bioremediation process. Also specific physiological characteristics of biphenyl-utilizing bacteria involved in the degradation of PCBs may enhance their availability to these compounds and therefore contribute to a better microbial mineralization. This review will focus in the stress responses caused in aerobic biphenyl-utilizing bacteria by PCBs and its metabolic intermediates and will also analyze bacterial properties such as motility and chemotaxis, adherence to solid surfaces, biosurfactant production and biofilm development, all properties found to enhance bacteria-pollutant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco P Chávez
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology and Millennium Institute for Advanced Studies in Cell Biology and Biotechnology, CBB, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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