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Kuhn N, Klinger B, Uhlitz F, Sieber A, Rivera M, Klotz-Noack K, Fichtner I, Hoffmann J, Blüthgen N, Falk C, Sers C, Schäfer R. Mutation-specific effects of NRAS oncogenes in colorectal cancer cells. Adv Biol Regul 2020; 79:100778. [PMID: 33431353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), the prevalence of NRAS mutations (5-9%) is inferior to that of KRAS mutations (40-50%). NRAS mutations feature lately during tumour progression and drive resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in KRAS wild-type tumours. To elucidate specific functions of NRAS mutations in CRC, we expressed doxycycline-inducible G12D and Q61K mutations in the CRC cell line Caco-2. A focused phospho-proteome analysis based on the Bio-Plex platform, which interrogated the activity of MAPK, PI3K, mTOR, STAT, p38, JNK and ATF2, did not reveal significant differences between Caco-2 cells expressing NRASG12D, NRASQ61K and KRASG12V. However, phenotypic read-outs were different. The NRAS Q61K mutation promoted anchorage-independent proliferation and tumorigenicity, similar to features driven by canonical KRAS mutations. In contrast, expression of NRASG12D resulted in reduced proliferation and apoptosis. At the transcriptome level, we saw upregulation of cytokines and chemokines. IL1A, IL11, CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL20 exhibited enhanced secretion into the culture medium. In addition, RNA sequencing results indicated activation of the IL1-, JAK/STAT-, NFκB- and TNFα signalling pathways. These results form the basis for an NRASG12D-driven inflammatory phenotype in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kuhn
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Klinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Uhlitz
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Sieber
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rivera
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Kathleen Klotz-Noack
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iduna Fichtner
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Jens Hoffmann
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology GmbH, Berlin-Buch, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Buch, Germany
| | - Nils Blüthgen
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; Integrative Research Institute Life Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, Philippstraße 13, Building 18, D-10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology and Cancer Systems Biology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Wu JY, Vlastos AT, Pelte MF, Caligo MA, Bianco A, Krause KH, Laurent GJ, Irminger-Finger I. Aberrant expression of BARD1 in breast and ovarian cancers with poor prognosis. Int J Cancer 2006; 118:1215-26. [PMID: 16152612 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in tumor-suppressor gene BARD1 have been found in inherited and spontaneous breast, ovarian and uterine cancers. BARD1 plays a critical role in DNA repair and ubiquitination as binding partner of BRCA1, with which it colocalizes to nuclear dots. Independently of BRCA1, BARD1 can induce p53-dependent apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. Therefore, BARD1 or p53 might be defective in cancer cells spared from apoptosis. We investigated BARD1 and p53 expression in ovarian, breast and non-small-cell lung cancers. BARD1 expression was highly upregulated and cytoplasmic in most cancer cells, while weak nuclear staining was observed in the surrounding normal tissue. Maximal BARD1 expression was associated with the most malignant ovarian cancer, clear cell carcinoma. In breast cancer, BARD1 expression was correlated with poor differentiation and large tumor size, established factors of poor prognosis, as well as short disease-free survival. In contrast to breast and ovarian cancers, no correlation of BARD1 expression with either grade or stage could be determined for lung cancer. RT-PCR, performed on 10 ovarian cancers, revealed absence of the 5' portion of the BARD1 transcript in 7 tumors, and sequencing of the remaining 3 identified a missense mutation (A1291G) resulting in an amino acid change of glutamine 406 to arginine. These data suggest that genetic and epigenetic changes might lead to elevated cytoplasmic expression of BARD1 and that cytoplasmic BARD1 might be a poor prognostic factor for breast and ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Wu
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Department of Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Chemin de petit Bel Air 2, CH-1225 Chne-Bourg/Geneva, Switzerland
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Feki A, Jefford CE, Berardi P, Wu JY, Cartier L, Krause KH, Irminger-Finger I. BARD1 induces apoptosis by catalysing phosphorylation of p53 by DNA-damage response kinase. Oncogene 2005; 24:3726-36. [PMID: 15782130 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The BRCA1-associated RING domain protein BARD1 acts with BRCA1 in double-strand break repair and ubiquitination. BARD1 plays a role as mediator of apoptosis by binding to and stabilizing p53, and BARD1-repressed cells are resistant to apoptosis. We therefore investigated the mechanism by which BARD1 induces p53 stability and apoptosis. The apoptotic activity of p53 is regulated by phosphorylation. We demonstrate that BARD1 binds to unphosphorylated and serine-15 phosphorylated forms of p53 in several cell types and that the region required for binding comprises the region sufficient for apoptosis induction. In addition, BARD1 binds to Ku-70, the regulatory subunit of DNA-PK, suggesting that the mechanism of p53-induced apoptosis requires BARD1 for the phosphorylation of p53. Upregulation of BARD1 alone is sufficient for stabilization of p53 and phosphorylation on serine-15, as shown in nonmalignant epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cells, NuTu-19, which are defective in apoptosis induction and express aberrant splice variants of BARD1. Stabilization and phosphorylation of p53 in NuTu-19 cells, as well as apoptosis, can be induced by the exogenous expression of wild-type BARD1, suggesting that BARD1, by binding to the kinase and its substrate, catalyses p53 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Feki
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Department of Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Chemin de Petit Bel Air 2, CH-1225 Geneva/Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
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