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Chang R, Fang J, Chen JQ, Liu D, Xu GQ, Xu PF. Visible Light-Mediated Direct C-H Aroylation and Alkylation of Heteroarenes. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:14021-14031. [PMID: 31497720 PMCID: PMC6714600 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the photocatalytic generation of nucleophilic aroyl radicals from simple aroyl chlorides as a universal and efficient cross-coupling strategy for the direct aroylation of heteroarenes. Furthermore, visible light-mediated direct alkylation of heteroarenes has also been achieved using unactivated bromoalkanes as radical precursors. These two strategies feature high functional group tolerance, exclusive regioselectivity for reaction at the more electrophilic position of heteroarenes, easily accessible substrates, and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, mechanism studies of two reactions are carried out to support our hypotheses.
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Removal of heavy metals by homolytically functionalized poly(acrylic acid) with hydroquinone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40090-016-0097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rai R, Pandey S. Solvatochromic probe response within ionic liquids and their equimolar mixtures with tetraethylene glycol. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11259-70. [PMID: 25162184 DOI: 10.1021/jp504165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Synergism in a probe response within a mixture hints at the presence of strong interactions involving the solvent constituents of the mixture and possibly the probe. Unusual and rare "hyperpolarity" resulting from the synergism in probe response exhibited by ionic liquid (IL) mixtures with glycol family solvents is investigated in detail for equimolar mixtures of tetraethylene glycol (TEG) with many structurally different ILs using several UV-vis absorbance and fluorescence solvatochromic probes. Thirteen different ILs, of the same cation 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium and different anions, of the same anion bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and different cations, and of C2 methyl-substituted imidazolium cations, are used to assess the structural dependence of the IL on synergism exhibited by (IL + TEG) mixture. Responses from UV-vis absorbance probes are used to obtain ET [dipolarity/polarizability and/or H-bond donating (HBD) acidity] and Kamlet-Taft parameters [π* (dipolarity/polarizability), α (HBD acidity), and β (HB accepting basicity)] within (IL + TEG) mixtures. The band I-to-band III fluorescence intensity ratio of dipolarity probe pyrene along with the lowest energy fluorescence band maxima of pyrene-1-carboxaldehyde (PyCHO, a probe for the permittivity of the medium), coumarin-153 and N,N-dimethyl-6-propionyl-2-naphthylamine PRODAN (neutral photoinduced charge-transfer fluorescence probes), and 6-p-toluidine-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (TNS) and l-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS) (ionic photoinduced charge-transfer fluorescence probes) are used to assess whether synergism is exhibited by (IL + TEG) equimolar mixtures. Probe responses within TEG equimolar mixtures with ILs are compared to those with common organic solvents. An attempt is made to establish a correlation between the synergism observed in the probe response within an (IL + TEG) mixture and the structural features of the cation and anion of the IL, such as acidity of the protons of the cation, aromaticity of the cation, and size, shape, and coordinating ability of the anion. It is established that the solvatochromism exhibited by the probes within (IL + TEG) mixtures is due to complex coupling of several different interactions and dynamical processes involving the probe as well as IL and TEG within the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rewa Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi -110016, India
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Karpushkin EA. Anionic polymer hydrogel degradation by ascorbic acid. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363213080070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yanagisawa S, Itami K. tert-Butoxide-Mediated CH Bond Arylation of Aromatic Compounds with Haloarenes. ChemCatChem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yanagisawa S, Ueda K, Taniguchi T, Itami K. Potassium t-Butoxide Alone Can Promote the Biaryl Coupling of Electron-Deficient Nitrogen Heterocycles and Haloarenes. Org Lett 2008; 10:4673-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8019764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Yanagisawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan, and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Kirika Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan, and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Tadashi Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan, and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan, and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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Porter AEA. Radical Reactions of Thiophene. CHEMISTRY OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS: A SERIES OF MONOGRAPHS 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470187234.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Wang X, Wu X, Cheng N, Zhao H, Gu Z, Shen X. New Route for Conversion of Camptothecin to 7‐Ethylcamptothecin and 7‐Propylcamptothecin. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910601038723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- b School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- b School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huiqing Zhao
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhihong Gu
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- c First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui, China
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Wang X, Wen J, Li G, You T. Novel Route for Preparation of 7‐Methyl‐camptothecin and Its Possible Mechanism. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500283263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Jiwu Wen
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Gang Li
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Tianpa You
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui , China
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Intramolecular cyclizations via photostimulated tethered free radical reaction towards α-tetralones and their analogues. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Harrowven DC, Sutton BJ. Chapter 2 Radical additions to pyridines, quinolines and isoquinolines. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE 2003 LITERATURE PRECEDED BY TWO CHAPTERS ON CURRENT HETEROCYCLIC TOPICS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(05)80044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Yutilov YM. Imidazopyridines: 1- and 3-Deazapurines. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(05)89004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Haider N, Käferböck J. Radicalic Ethoxycarbonylation of 3-Iodopyridazines: An Efficient Access to Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Pyridazines. HETEROCYCLES 2000. [DOI: 10.3987/com-00-9004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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A. AmrollahiBiyouki M, A. J.Smith R, Bedford JJ, Leader JP. Hydroxymethylation and Carbamoylation of Di-And Tetramethylpyridines Using Radical Substitution (Minisci) Reactions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919808004935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Araneo S, Arrigoni R, Bjørsvik HR, Fontana F, Liguori L, Minisci F, Recupero F. New free-radical chain processes involving substitution of vinyl and aryl chlorides by alkanes, alkenes, esters and ethers. Tetrahedron Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(96)01510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Baur R, Sugimoto T, Pfleiderer W. Pteridines. Part LXXXV. Chemical synthesis of deoxysepiapterin and 6-acylpteridines by acyl radical substitution reactions. Helv Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19880710305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gebauer M, Heinisch G, Lötsch G. Pyridazines-XXXIX n-substituted 1,2-dihydro-1,2-diazines formed in homolytic alkoxycarbonylation reactions of pyridazines. Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81696-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sugimori A, Yamada T, Ishida H, Nose M, Terashima K, Oohata N. Radiation-Induced Alkylation of Quinoline Derivatives with Alcohol. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1986. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.59.3905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Anders E, Boldt HG, Clark T, Fuchs R, Gaßner T. N-[1-(Acyloxy)alkyl]heteroaryliumsalze in der Synthese, 3. Intramolekulareortho-Acylierung einiger N-heteroaromatischer Ringsysteme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19861190125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Citterio A, Gentile A, Minisci F, Serravalle M, Ventura S. α-Hydroxyalkylation of heteroaromatic bases by alcohols and hydroxylamine-O-sulphonic acid. Tetrahedron 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Polar effects in free-radical reactions. New synthetic developments in the functionalization of heteroaromatic bases by nucleophilic radicals. Tetrahedron 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)97191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Baur R, Kleiner E, Pfleiderer W. Pteridine, LXXIV. Acylierungen des Lumazin-Systems durch radikalische nucleophile Substitution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.198419841106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Langhals E, Langhals H, Rüchardt C. Der Nachweis eines Radikalketten-Mechanismus für die Knabe-Reaktion von 1,2-Dihydro-2-methylpapaverin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19841170414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Langhals E, Langhals H, Rüchardt C. Eine einfache neue Synthese der Fusarinsäure und anderer 5-Alkyl-2-pyridincarbonsäuren. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.198219820513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Heteroaromatic Radicals, Part I: General Properties; Radicals with Group V Ring Heteroatoms. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Klemm LH, Karchesy JJ, McCoy DR. POLYCYCLIC THIOPHENES FROM THE DIRECT INSERTION OF HETEROSULFUR BRIDGES INTO VINYLARENES, BIARYLS, AND ANGULARLY CONDENSED ARENES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1080/03086647808069917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nakamura K, Morita Y, Suzuki T, Sugiyama T, Sugimori A. Radiation-induced Reactions of Pyridinecarboxylic Esters in Acidic Alcoholic Solutions. Substitution by Alkyl and Hydroxyalkyl Groups and Reduction of Carboxylic Esters to Alcohol. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1979. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.52.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Nucleophilic reactions in strongly acidic media. Highly specific homolytic aromatic alkylation and acylation. Tetrahedron Lett 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)86710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Homolytische substitution des pyridazinsystems mit 1-acyl-2-pyrrolidinyl-radikalen. Ein einfacher weg zu “aza-nicotin”-vorstufen. Tetrahedron Lett 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)85348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nucleophilic character of alkyl radicals. XIV. Homolytic δ-aminoalkylation of protonated quinoxaline. J Heterocycl Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570130504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Caronna T, Citterio A, Crolla T, Minisci F. A new general method for selective homolytic alkylation of heteroaromatic bases. Tetrahedron Lett 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Christensen LF, Meyer RB, Miller JP, Simon LN, Robins RK. Synthesis and enzymic activity of 8-acyl and 8-alkyl derivatives of guanosine 3, 5-cyclic phosphate. Biochemistry 1975; 14:1490-6. [PMID: 235954 DOI: 10.1021/bi00678a022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several new 8-alkyl and 8-acyl derivatives of quanosie 3',5'-cyclic phosphate (cGMP) and inosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate (cGMP) were prepared by direct alkylation or acylation of the parent cyclic nucleotide via free radicals generated in situ. These compounds have been examined for their ability to stimulate a cGMP-dependent protein kinase, and several of the cGMP derivatives were as active in this regard as cGMP. These compounds proved to be quite ineffective when tested for their ability to activate an adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate (cAMP) dependent protein kinase. In addition, these 8-substituted cGMP derivatives are not substrates for a phosphodiesterase preparation from rabbit kidney, but do show inhibition of the hydrolysis of cAMP by crude phosphodiesterase preparations from rabbit lung and beef heart.
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