Determination of the Optimal Single Dose Treatment for Acoziborole, a Novel Drug for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis: First-in-Human Study.
Clin Pharmacokinet 2023;
62:481-491. [PMID:
36763327 PMCID:
PMC10042906 DOI:
10.1007/s40262-023-01216-8]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Acoziborole is a novel boron-containing candidate developed as an oral drug for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Results from preclinical studies allowed progression to Phase 1 trials. We aimed to determine the best dose regimen for all stages of HAT.
METHODS
Acoziborole was assessed in 128 healthy adult males of sub-Saharan African origin living in France. The study included a single oral administration of a 20- to 1200-mg dose in a randomised double-blind study in cohorts of 8 (6 active, 2 placebo) to assess safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics. In three additional open cohorts of 6 participants, the effect of activated charcoal was evaluated, bioequivalence of capsules versus tablets was assessed, and safety in the 960-mg tablet cohorts was monitored.
RESULTS
Acoziborole was well tolerated at all doses tested; no dose-related adverse events were observed. The drug appeared rapidly in plasma (at 1 h), reached tmax between 24 and 72 h, and remained stable for up to 96 h, after which a slow decrease was quantifiable until 14 weeks after dosing. Charcoal had little impact on the enterohepatic recirculation effect, except for the 20-mg dose. Bioequivalence between capsule and tablet formulations was demonstrated. The therapeutic single dose for administration under fasted conditions was fixed to 960 mg. The maximum administered dose was 1200 mg.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that acoziborole could be safely assessed in patients as a potential single-dose oral cure for both stages of gambiense HAT.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01533961.
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