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Wu D, Feng B, Dai Y, Wu X, Chen B, Xu C, Tang Y, Wang K, Zhang S, Wang S, Luo B, Chen Z. Intergenerational Transmission of Enhanced Seizure Susceptibility after Febrile Seizures. EBioMedicine 2017; 17:206-215. [PMID: 28202230 PMCID: PMC5360568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposure early in development plays a role in susceptibility to disease in later life. Here, we demonstrate that prolonged febrile seizures induced by exposure of rat pups to a hyperthermic environment enhance seizure susceptibility not only in these hyperthermia-treated rats but also in their future offspring, even if the offspring never experience febrile seizures. This transgenerational transmission was intensity-dependent and was mainly from mothers to their offspring. The transmission was associated with DNA methylation. Thus, our study supports a "Lamarckian"-like mechanism of pathogenesis and the crucial role of epigenetic factors in neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengchang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Neurology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunjian Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cenglin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangshun Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China..
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3
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Neural plasticity and network remodeling: From concepts to pathology. Neuroscience 2017; 344:326-345. [PMID: 28069532 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity has been subject to a great deal of research in the last century. Recently, significant emphasis has been placed on the global effect of localized plastic changes throughout the central nervous system, and on how these changes integrate in a pathological context. Specifically, alterations of network functionality have been described in various pathological contexts to which corresponding structural alterations have been proposed. However, considering the amount of literature and the different pathological contexts, an integration of this information is still lacking. In this paper we will review the concepts of neural plasticity as well as their repercussions on network remodeling and provide a possible explanation to how these two concepts relate to each other. We will further examine how alterations in different pathological contexts may relate to each other and will discuss the concept of plasticity diseases, its models and implications.
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4
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Pediatric applications of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol 2015; 45 Suppl 3:S382-96. [PMID: 26346144 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-015-3365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric functional MRI has been used for the last 2 decades but is now gaining wide acceptance in the preoperative workup of children with brain tumors and medically refractory epilepsy. This review covers pediatrics-specific difficulties such as sedation and task paradigm selection according to the child's age and cognitive level. We also illustrate the increasing uses of functional MRI in the depiction of cognitive function, neuropsychiatric disorders and response to pharmacological agents. Finally, we review the uses of resting-state fMRI in the evaluation of children and in the detection of epileptogenic regions.
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5
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Moridi Farimani M, Namazi Sarvestani N, Ansari N, Khodagholi F. Calycopterin Promotes Survival and Outgrowth of Neuron-Like PC12 Cells by Attenuation of Oxidative- and ER-Stress-Induced Apoptosis along with Inflammatory Response. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:2280-92. [DOI: 10.1021/tx200420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry,
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niloufar Ansari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
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Wieraszko A, Ahmed Z, Armani J, Maqsood N, Philips S, Raja H. Neurophysiological Effects Induced in the Nervous Tissue by Low-Frequency, Pulsed Magnetic Fields. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10669-005-4277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Roberts DS, Raol YH, Bandyopadhyay S, Lund IV, Budreck EC, Passini MA, Passini MJ, Wolfe JH, Brooks-Kayal AR, Russek SJ. Egr3 stimulation of GABRA4 promoter activity as a mechanism for seizure-induced up-regulation of GABA(A) receptor alpha4 subunit expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:11894-9. [PMID: 16091474 PMCID: PMC1187961 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0501434102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GABA is the major inhibitory transmitter at CNS synapses. Changes in subunit composition of the pentameric GABA(A) receptor, including increased levels of alpha4 subunit in dentate granule cells and associated functional alterations such as increased zinc blockade of GABA currents, are hypothesized to be critical components of epileptogenesis. Here, we report that the minimal promoter of the human alpha4 subunit gene (GABRA4p), when used to drive reporter gene expression from adeno-associated viral vectors, controls condition-specific up-regulation in response to status epilepticus, defining a transcriptional mechanism for seizure-induced changes in levels of alpha4 subunit containing GABA(A) receptors. Transfection studies in primary hippocampal neurons show that inducible early growth response factor 3 (Egr3) up-regulates GABRA4p activity as well as the levels of endogenous alpha4 subunits. Given that Egr3 knockout mice display approximately 50% less GABRA4 mRNAs in the hippocampus and that increases in alpha4 and Egr3 mRNAs in response to pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus are accompanied by increased binding of Egr3 to GABRA4 in dentate granule cells, our findings support a role for Egr3 as a major regulator of GABRA4 in developing neurons and in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Roberts
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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8
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Wieraszko A. Amplification of evoked potentials recorded from mouse hippocampal slices by very low repetition rate pulsed magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2005; 25:537-44. [PMID: 15376238 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of low repetition rate pulsed magnetic fields (LRMF) on the evoked potential (population spike) recorded from mouse hippocampal slices was investigated. LRMF were applied according to two protocols. In protocol A, LRMF applied with a constant strength (15 mT) and frequency ranging from 0.03 to 0.5 Hz resulted in an amplification of the potential. Although the frequency of 0.16 Hz was the most effective, enhancing the population spike by over 280%, it also caused an increase in spontaneous activity, seizures, and cessation of neuronal activity in 50% of the slices. In protocol B, LRMF were applied with a variable intensity (9-15 mT) and in cycles of different duration ranging from 5 to 20 min. While an increase in the amplitude of the population spike was observed in all slices exposed to LRMF applied according to protocol B, the longest exposure was the most effective. Neither seizures nor an increase in the spontaneous activity were observed in this group of the slices. These results support and extend our previous data and characterize further the relation between the pattern of applied magnetic fields and their influence on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wieraszko
- Department of Biology/Program in Neuroscience, The College of Staten Island/CUNY, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA.
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Bough KJ, Mott DD, Dingledine RJ. Medial perforant path inhibition mediated by mGluR7 is reduced after status epilepticus. J Neurophysiol 2004; 92:1549-57. [PMID: 15152022 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00315.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-mediated inhibition within the dentate gyrus is altered after epilepsy. Whether these changes occur during the developmental period of the disease (i.e., the latent period) has not yet been investigated. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were recorded in the lateral (LPP) and medial perforant path (MPP) simultaneously in adult mouse hippocampal slices 3-9 days after pilocarpine (PILO)-induced status epilepticus. Genetically manipulated mice (mGluR8 knockout and mGluR4/8 double knockout) and pharmacologically selective agonists were used to identify specific mGluR subtypes affected after PILO. Pharmacological activation of mGluR7 by L-AP4 in both wild-type and mGluR4/8 double knockout mice selectively reduced fEPSPs in the MPP, but not LPP, and this level of inhibition was significantly reduced 3-9 days after PILO-induced SE. Activation of mGluR2/3 reversibly depressed the fEPSP slopes in both the MPP and LPP, but no alterations were noted after PILO. mGluR8 activation selectively inhibited evoked responses in the LPP, but not in the MPP, and this level of inhibition did not change after PILO treatment. These data suggest that reduced presynaptic inhibition mediated by mGluR7, but not mGluR2/3 or mGluR8, may play a role during the latent period in generating hyperexcitability in the dentate and thereby contribute to epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher J Bough
- School of Medicine, Dept. of Pharmacology, Emory University, Rollins Research Center, Rm. 5002, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322-3090, USA.
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