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Cezar-Dos-Santos F, Lenhard-Vidal A, Assolini JP, de Souza Marquez A, Ono MA, Itano EN. Paracoccidioides restrepiensis B339 (PS3) and P. lutzii LDR2 yeast cells and soluble components display in vitro hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities on human erythrocytes. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 62:436-443. [PMID: 29733463 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by thermodimorfic fungi of Paracoccidioides species complex. Several pathogenic fungi produce hemagglutinins and hemolysins, which are virulence factors involved in adhesion of pathogens to host tissues or cells and in destruction of erythrocytes. The present research investigated hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities of yeast cells and soluble components from P. restrepiensis (PS3; former P. brasiliensis B339) and P. lutzii (LDR2). Different concentrations of live and heat-killed yeast cells and soluble components from cell free antigen preparation (CFA) (native or heated - 56 and 100 °C, 30 min) were mixed with 1% human erythrocyte suspension. Yeast cells from both species caused hemolysis, but P. lutzii LDR2 was more hemolytic than P. restrepiensis B339, while the opposite phenomena occurred with soluble components in most conditions. Live or heat-killed yeast cells of both fungi agglutinated erythrocytes, but only heated soluble components from P. restrepiensis B339 showed hemagglutinating activity. In conclusion, yeast cells of P. restrepiensis B339 and P. lutzii LDR2 produce hemolysins and hemagglutinins, which most likely are more restricted to yeast cells in P. lutzii LDR2 and are more released in soluble form byP. restrepiensis B339, requiring further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Cezar-Dos-Santos
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Rod. Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380 - Campus Universitário. Zip Code 86.057-970
| | - Adriane Lenhard-Vidal
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Rod. Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380 - Campus Universitário. Zip Code 86.057-970
| | - João Paulo Assolini
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Rod. Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380 - Campus Universitário. Zip Code 86.057-970
| | - Audrey de Souza Marquez
- Health Sciences Research Center, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Av. Paris, 675 - Parque Res. João Piza. Zip Code 86.041-120
| | - Mário Augusto Ono
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Rod. Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380 - Campus Universitário. Zip Code 86.057-970
| | - Eiko Nakagawa Itano
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Rod. Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380 - Campus Universitário. Zip Code 86.057-970
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Yacobovich S, Tuchinsky L, Kirby M, Kardash T, Agranyoni O, Nesher E, Redko B, Gellerman G, Tobi D, Gurova K, Koman I, Ashur Fabian O, Pinhasov A. Novel synthetic cyclic integrin αvβ3 binding peptide ALOS4: Antitumor activity in mouse melanoma models. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63549-63560. [PMID: 27556860 PMCID: PMC5325384 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ALOS4, a unique synthetic cyclic peptide without resemblance to known integrin ligand sequences, was discovered through repeated biopanning with pIII phage expressing a disulfide-constrained nonapeptide library. Binding assays using a FITC-labeled analogue demonstrated selective binding to immobilized αvβ3 and a lack of significant binding to other common proteins, such as bovine serum albumin and collagen. In B16F10 cell cultures, ALOS4 treatment at 72 h inhibited cell migration (30%) and adhesion (up to 67%). Immunofluorescent imaging an ALOS4-FITC analogue with B16F10 cells demonstrated rapid cell surface binding, and uptake and localization in the cytoplasm. Daily injections of ALOS4 (0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg i.p.) to mice inoculated with B16F10 mouse melanoma cells in two different cancer models, metastatic and subcutaneous tumor, resulted in reduction of lung tumor count (metastatic) and tumor mass (subcutaneous) and increased survival of animals monitored to 45 and 60 days, respectively. Examination of cellular activity indicated that ALOS4 produces inhibition of cell migration and adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, these results suggest that ALOS4 is a structurally-unique selective αvβ3 integrin ligand with potential anti-metastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Yacobovich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Lena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michael Kirby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Tetiana Kardash
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Oryan Agranyoni
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Elimelech Nesher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Boris Redko
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Dror Tobi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Katerina Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Igor Koman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Osnat Ashur Fabian
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Kuboi S, Ishimaru T, Tamada S, Bernard EM, Perlin DS, Armstrong D. Molecular characterization of AfuFleA, an L-fucose-specific lectin from Aspergillus fumigatus. J Infect Chemother 2013; 19:1021-8. [PMID: 23695231 DOI: 10.1007/s10156-013-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. We have found that extracts of mycelial mats of A. fumigatus contain a potent hemagglutinin. To clarify the characteristics of this factor, the hemagglutinin was purified from late-stage cultures and characterized at the molecular level. The hemagglutinin is a 32-kilodalton protein that shows activity as an L-fucose lectin. The gene encoding this protein, AfufleA, was identified from a genomic DNA library utilizing consensus primers designed for amino acid sequences obtained from peptides following limited trypsin proteolysis. An open reading frame was found that consists of 942 nucleotides encoding 314 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 34,498 and contains all seven of trypsin-digested peptide sequences; four short introns, 49-63 bp, were also identified. AfufleA shares homology with a fucose-specific lectin produced by the orange peel mushroom, Aleuria aurantia. The role of AfufleA fucose-specific lectin is not clear, but this lectin may enhance attachment of fungal spores to mammalian cell membranes and contribute to the pathogenicity of A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kuboi
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10021, USA,
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Aymanns S, Mauerer S, van Zandbergen G, Wolz C, Spellerberg B. High-level fluorescence labeling of gram-positive pathogens. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19822. [PMID: 21731607 PMCID: PMC3120757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence labeling of bacterial pathogens has a broad range of interesting applications including the observation of living bacteria within host cells. We constructed a novel vector based on the E. coli streptococcal shuttle plasmid pAT28 that can propagate in numerous bacterial species from different genera. The plasmid harbors a promoterless copy of the green fluorescent variant gene egfp under the control of the CAMP-factor gene (cfb) promoter of Streptococcus agalactiae and was designated pBSU101. Upon transfer of the plasmid into streptococci, the bacteria show a distinct and easily detectable fluorescence using a standard fluorescence microscope and quantification by FACS-analysis demonstrated values that were 10-50 times increased over the respective controls. To assess the suitability of the construct for high efficiency fluorescence labeling in different gram-positive pathogens, numerous species were transformed. We successfully labeled Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus anginosus and Staphylococcus aureus strains utilizing the EGFP reporter plasmid pBSU101. In all of these species the presence of the cfb promoter construct resulted in high-level EGFP expression that could be further increased by growing the streptococcal and enterococcal cultures under high oxygen conditions through continuous aeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Aymanns
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefanie Mauerer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ger van Zandbergen
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christiane Wolz
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Glee PM, Cutler JE, Benson EE, Bargatze RF, Hazen KC. Inhibition of hydrophobic protein-mediated Candida albicans attachment to endothelial cells during physiologic shear flow. Infect Immun 2001; 69:2815-20. [PMID: 11292693 PMCID: PMC98229 DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.5.2815-2820.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion interactions during hematogenous dissemination of Candida albicans likely involve a complex array of host and fungal factors. Possible C. albicans factors include changes in cell surface hydrophobicity and exposed antigens that have been shown in static adhesion assays to influence attachment events. We used a novel in vitro shear analysis system to investigate host-pathogen interactions and the role of fungal cell surface hydrophobicity in adhesion events with human endothelial cells under simulated physiologic shear. Endothelial monolayers were grown in capillary tubes and tested with and without interleukin-1 beta activation in buffered medium containing human serum. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic stationary-phase C. albicans yeast cells were infused into the system under shear flow and found to adhere with widely varying efficiencies. The average number of adherent foci was determined from multiple fields, sampled via video microscopy, between 8 and 12 min after infusion. Hydrophobic C. albicans cells demonstrated significantly more heterotypic binding events (Candida-endothelial cell) and greater homotypic binding events (Candida-Candida) than hydrophilic yeast cells. Cytokine activation of the endothelium significantly increased binding by hydrophobic C. albicans compared to unactivated host cells. Preincubation of hydrophobic yeast cells with a monoclonal antibody against hydrophobic cell wall proteins significantly blocked adhesion interactions with the endothelial monolayers. Because the antibody also blocks C. albicans binding to laminin and fibronectin, results suggest that vascular adhesion events with endothelial cells and exposed extracellular matrix may be blocked during C. albicans dissemination. Future studies will address the protective efficacy of blocking or redirecting blood-borne fungal cells to favor host defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Glee
- Ligocyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA.
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Raza MW, El Ahmer OR, Ogilvie MM, Blackwell CC, Saadi AT, Elton RA, Weir DM. Infection with respiratory syncytial virus enhances expression of native receptors for non-pilate Neisseria meningitidis on HEp-2 cells. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1999; 23:115-24. [PMID: 10076908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.1999.tb01230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory virus infections have been suggested to be predisposing factors for meningococcal disease. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) affects young children in the age range at greatest risk of disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. It has been previously shown that glycoprotein G expressed on the surface of RSV-infected HEp-2 cells (a human epithelial cell line) contributed to higher levels of binding of meningococci compared with uninfected cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of RSV infection on expression of surface molecules native to HEp-2 cells and their role in bacterial binding. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were used to assess bacterial binding and expression of host cell antigens. Some molecules analysed in this study have not been reported previously on epithelial cells. RSV infection significantly enhanced the expression of CD15 (P < 0.05), CD14 (P < 0.001) and CD18 (P < 0.01), and the latter two contributed to increased binding of meningococci to cells but not the Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Raza
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh, UK
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