1
|
Álvarez Ossorio JL, Rodrigo Aliaga M, Rodríguez Antolin A, Unda Urzaiz M, Calleja MÁ, de la Cruz Ruiz M, Blas Quilez J, Hernández Millán IR, Sánchez Zalabardo D, Cozar Olmo JM. Hormone sensitive protocol for metastatic prostate cancer, an update. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:244-249. [PMID: 36270435 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
To review and update last protocols in hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer for improving clinical management in routine. Evidence analysis available about recent updates protocols in hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer according to expert panel of clinicians about this field. A nominal consensus group for unify and improve the recommendations to the management of sensitive metastatic prostate cancer patients is currently needed. This document unifies and improve the management of patients with hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer, with a methodology that combines data quantitative and qualitative and based on the participation of a broad scientific committee appointed by the Spanish Association of Urology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Álvarez Ossorio
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain; Asociación Española de Urología (AEU) y Fundación para la Investigación en Urología (FIU).
| | - M Rodrigo Aliaga
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
| | | | - M Unda Urzaiz
- Servicio de Urología, Clínica IMQ Zorrotzaurre, Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - M Á Calleja
- Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M de la Cruz Ruiz
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - J Blas Quilez
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Salud, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - J M Cozar Olmo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; IDI-URO (Instituto de Investigación en Urología)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Una actualización en el protocolo en cáncer de próstata metastásico hormonosensible. Actas Urol Esp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
3
|
Machulkin AE, Uspenskaya AA, Zyk NU, Nimenko EA, Ber AP, Petrov SA, Polshakov VI, Shafikov RR, Skvortsov DA, Plotnikova EA, Pankratov AA, Smirnova GB, Borisova YA, Pokrovsky VS, Kolmogorov VS, Vaneev AN, Khudyakov AD, Chepikova OE, Kovalev S, Zamyatnin AA, Erofeev A, Gorelkin P, Beloglazkina EK, Zyk NV, Khazanova ES, Majouga AG. Synthesis, Characterization, and Preclinical Evaluation of a Small-Molecule Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Monomethyl Auristatin E Conjugate. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17123-17145. [PMID: 34797052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer among men. Its main method of treatment is chemotherapy, which has a wide range of side effects. One of the solutions to this challenge is targeted delivery to prostate cancer cells. Here we synthesized a novel small-molecule PSMA-targeted conjugate based on the monomethyl auristatin E. Its structure and conformational properties were investigated by NMR spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species induction, and stability under liver microsomes and P450-cytochrome species were investigated for this conjugate. The conjugate demonstrated 77-85% tumor growth inhibition levels on 22Rv1 (PSMA (+)) xenografts, compared with a 37% inhibition level on PC-3 (PSMA (-)) xenografts, in a single dose of 0.3 mg/kg and a sufficiently high therapeutic index of 21. Acute, chronic, and subchronic toxicities and pharmacokinetics have shown that the synthesized conjugate is a promising potential agent for the chemotherapy of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei E Machulkin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Uspenskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay U Zyk
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Nimenko
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Anton P Ber
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav A Petrov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Polshakov
- Center for Magnetic Tomography and Spectroscopy, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Radik R Shafikov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Skvortsov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Plotnikova
- National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Botkinskiy Proezd, 3, Moscow 125284, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei A Pankratov
- National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Botkinskiy Proezd, 3, Moscow 125284, Russian Federation
| | - Galina B Smirnova
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia A Borisova
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim S Pokrovsky
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation.,RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Vasilii S Kolmogorov
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 9 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Vaneev
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 9 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D Khudyakov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Olga E Chepikova
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, Sochi 354340, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Kovalev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, Sochi 354340, Russian Federation.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya Street 8-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Alexander Erofeev
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 9 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Petr Gorelkin
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 9 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
| | - Elena K Beloglazkina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay V Zyk
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elena S Khazanova
- LLC Izvarino-Pharma, v. Vnukovskoe, Vnukovskoe Shosse, Fifth km., Building 1, Moscow 108817, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Building 1/3, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 9 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation.,Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Square 9, Moscow 125047, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamada Y, Sakamoto S, Amiya Y, Sasaki M, Shima T, Komiya A, Suzuki N, Akakura K, Ichikawa T, Nakatsu H. Treatment strategy for metastatic prostate cancer with extremely high PSA level: reconsidering the value of vintage therapy. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:432-437. [PMID: 29735818 PMCID: PMC6116678 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_24_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic significance of initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level for metastatic prostate cancer remains uncertain. We investigated the differences in prognosis and response to hormonal therapies of metastatic prostate cancer patients according to initial PSA levels. We analyzed 184 patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer and divided them into three PSA level groups as follows: low (<100 ng ml−1), intermediate (100–999 ng ml−1), and high (≥1000 ng ml−1). All patients received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) immediately. We investigated PSA progression-free survival (PFS) for first-line ADT and overall survival (OS) within each of the three groups. Furthermore, we analyzed response to antiandrogen withdrawal (AW) and alternative antiandrogen (AA) therapies after development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). No significant differences in OS were observed among the three groups (P = 0.654). Patients with high PSA levels had significantly short PFS for first-line ADT (P = 0.037). Conversely, patients in the high PSA level group had significantly longer PFS when treated with AW than those in the low PSA level group (P = 0.047). Furthermore, patients with high PSA levels had significantly longer PFS when provided with AA therapy (P = 0.049). PSA responders to AW and AA therapies had significantly longer survival after CRPC development than nonresponders (P = 0.011 and P < 0.001, respectively). Thus, extremely high PSA level predicted favorable response to vintage sequential ADT and AW. The current data suggest a novel aspect of extremely high PSA value as a favorable prognostic marker after development of CRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Yamada
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan.,Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Amiya
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan
| | - Akira Komiya
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan
| | - Koichiro Akakura
- Department of Urology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo 162-8543, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Nakatsu
- Department of Urology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi 289-2511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Regulation of HMGB3 by antitumor miR-205-5p inhibits cancer cell aggressiveness and is involved in prostate cancer pathogenesis. J Hum Genet 2017; 63:195-205. [PMID: 29196733 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-017-0371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our recent determination of a microRNA (miRNA) expression signature in prostate cancer (PCa) revealed that miR-205-5p was significantly reduced in PCa tissues and that it acted as an antitumor miRNA. The aim of this study was to identify oncogenic genes and pathways in PCa cells that were regulated by antitumor miR-205-5p. Genome-wide gene expression analyses and in silico miRNA database searches showed that 37 genes were putative targets of miR-205-5p regulation. Among those genes, elevated expression levels of seven in particular (HMGB3, SPARC, MKI67, CENPF, CDK1, RHOU, and POLR2D) were associated with a shorter disease-free survival in a large number of patients in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We focused on high-mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) because it was the most downregulated by ectopic expression of miR-205-5p in PC3 cells and its expression was involved in PCa pathogenesis. Luciferase reporter assays showed that HMGB3 was directly regulated by miR-205-5p in PCa cells. Knockdown studies using si-HMGB3 showed that expression of HMGB3 enhanced PCa cell aggressiveness. Overexpression of HMGB3/HMGB3 was confirmed in naive PCa and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) clinical specimens. Novel approaches to analysis of antitumor miRNA-regulated RNA networks in PCa cells may provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pizzo E, Oliva R, Morra R, Bosso A, Ragucci S, Petraccone L, Del Vecchio P, Di Maro A. Binding of a type 1 RIP and of its chimeric variant to phospholipid bilayers: evidence for a link between cytotoxicity and protein/membrane interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2106-2112. [PMID: 28797563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are enzymes, almost all identified in plants, able to kill cells by depurination of rRNAs. Recently, in order to improve resistance to proteolysis of a type 1 RIP (PD-L4), we produced a recombinant chimera combining it with a wheat protease inhibitor (WSCI). Resulting chimeric construct, named PD-L4UWSCI, in addition to present the functions of the two domains, shows also an enhanced cytotoxic action on murine cancer cells when compared to PD-L4. Since different ways of interaction of proteins with membranes imply different resulting effects on cells, in this study we investigate conformational stability of PD-L4 and PD-L4UWSCI and their interaction with membrane models (liposomes). Circular dichroism analysis and differential scanning calorimetry measurements indicate that PD-L4 and PD-L4UWSCI present high and similar conformational stability, whereas analysis of their binding to liposomes, obtained by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, clearly indicate that chimera is able to interact with biomembranes more effectively. Overall, our data point out that WSCI domain, probably because of its flexibility in solution, enhances the chimeric protein interaction with membrane lipid surfaces without however destabilizing the overall protein structure. Analysis of interactions between RIPs or RIP based conjugates and lipid surfaces could provide novel insights in the search of more effective selective membrane therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Oliva
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rita Morra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Ragucci
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luigi Petraccone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pompea Del Vecchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teng LH, Ahmad M, Ng WTW, Sabaratnam S, Rasan MI, Parhar I, Khoo ASB. Gonadotropin‑releasing hormone inhibits the proliferation and motility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4909-16. [PMID: 26151677 PMCID: PMC4581822 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), or its analogues have been demonstrated to exhibit anti-proliferative effects on tumour cells in ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer through GnRH-receptors (GnRH-R). However, the role of GnRH in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains to be elucidated. In order to investigate the effects of GnRH in NPC, the present study examined the expression of the GnRH-R transcript in NPC and investigated the phenotypic changes in HK1 cells, a recurrent NPC-derived cell line, upon receiving GnRH treatment. Firstly, the GnRH-R transcript was demonstrated in the NPC cell lines and four snap frozen biopsies using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of GnRH-R in two of the eight (25%) NPC specimens. Treatment with GnRH induced a rapid increase in intracellular ionised calcium concentration in the NPC cells. GnRH and its agonists, triptorelin and leuprolide, exerted anti-proliferative effects on the NPC cells, as determined using an MTS assay. GnRH did not induce any cell cycle arrest in the HK1 cells under the conditions assessed in the present study. Time-lapse imaging demonstrated a reduction in cell motility in the GnRH-treated cells. In conclusion, GnRH, or its analogues may have antitumour effects on NPC cells. The consequences of alterations in the levels of GnRH on the progression of NPC require further examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loong Hung Teng
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| | - Munirah Ahmad
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| | - Wayne Tiong Weng Ng
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| | - Subathra Sabaratnam
- Department of Pathology, Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Jeffrey Cheah's School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Johor Bahru, Johor 80100, Malaysia
| | - Maria Ithaya Rasan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, Selangor 41200, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Alan Soo Beng Khoo
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim CN, Salem AH. A Semi-Mechanistic Integrated Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of the Testosterone Effects of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Leuprolide in Prostate Cancer Patients. Clin Pharmacokinet 2015; 54:963-73. [PMID: 25791895 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-015-0251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chay Ngee Lim
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, Dept. R4PK, Bldg AP13A-3, North Chicago, IL, 60064-6145, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fokidis HB, Adomat HH, Kharmate G, Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES, Soma KK. Regulation of local steroidogenesis in the brain and in prostate cancer: lessons learned from interdisciplinary collaboration. Front Neuroendocrinol 2015; 36:108-29. [PMID: 25223867 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids play critical roles in the regulation of the brain and many other organs. Traditionally, researchers have focused on sex steroid signaling that involves travel from the gonads via the circulation to intracellular receptors in target tissues. This classic concept has been challenged, however, by the growing number of cases in which steroids are synthesized locally and act locally within diverse tissues. For example, the brain and prostate carcinoma were previously considered targets of gonadal sex steroids, but under certain circumstances, these tissues can upregulate their steroidogenic potential, particularly when circulating sex steroid concentrations are low. We review some of the similarities and differences between local sex steroid synthesis in the brain and prostate cancer. We also share five lessons that we have learned during the course of our interdisciplinary collaboration, which brought together neuroendocrinologists and cancer biologists. These lessons have important implications for future research in both fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Bobby Fokidis
- Department of Biology, Rollins College, Winter Park, FL 37289, USA; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
| | - Hans H Adomat
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | | | | | - Emma S Guns
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Urological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Kiran K Soma
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Role of YY1 in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer and correlation with bioinformatic data sets of gene expression. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:71-83. [PMID: 25053986 PMCID: PMC4091534 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments of various cancers include chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, immunotherapy, and combinations. However, there is a need to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic treatments for unresponsive patients. These may be achieved by the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers which will help in the stratification of patients' initial responses to particular treatments and circumvent resistance, relapses, metastasis, and death. We have been investigating human prostate cancer as a model tumor. We have identified Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a dysregulated transcription factor, whose overexpression correlated with tumor progression as well as in the regulation of drug resistance and the development of EMT. YY1 expression is upregulated in human prostate cancer cell lines and tissues. We postulated that YY1 may be a potential biomarker in prostate cancer for patients' stratification as well as a novel target for therapeutic intervention. We used Bioinformatic gene RNA array datasets for the expression of YY1 in prostate tumor tissues as compared to normal tissues. Interestingly, variations on the expression levels of YY1 mRNA in prostate cancer were reported by different investigators. This mini review summarizes the current reported studies and Bioinformatic analyses on the role of YY1 in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
11
|
Matsumoto K, Hagiwara M, Hayakawa N, Tanaka N, Ito Y, Maeda T, Ninomiya A, Nagata H, Nakamura S. Third-line Hormonal Therapy to Treat Prostate Cancer Relapse after Initial and Second-line Hormonal Therapy: Report of 52 Cases and Literature Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:3645-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.8.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
12
|
Efficacy of estramustine phosphate sodium hydrate (EMP) monotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients: report of 102 cases and review of literature. Med Oncol 2013; 30:717. [PMID: 24005812 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
13
|
The type of patients who would benefit from anti-androgen withdrawal therapy: could it be performed safely for aggressive prostate cancer? Med Oncol 2013; 30:647. [PMID: 23797774 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0647-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to detect the factors that were significantly associated with the results of anti-androgen withdrawal (AAWD) therapy, and to examine whether patients with aggressive prostate cancer demonstrating a short prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-doubling time (DT) could benefit from it without even greater exacerbation of the disease. We conducted a retrospective chart review study of 121 patients who received AAWD therapy due to failed combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy. A reduction in the serum PSA level after AAWD was observed in 35 patients (28.9 %), and a greater than 50 % decrease from the baseline serum PSA level was observed in 16 patients (13.2 %). Shortening of PSA-DT after AAWD was observed in 48 patients (39.7 %). Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that only a long duration of prior anti-androgen treatment was selected as a significant predictor for a good response to AAWD therapy. With respect to exacerbation after AAWD, we found that patients with a short baseline PSA-DT conversely had a low risk of subsequent shortening of PSA-DT. Using these two factors, we could stratify the patients into four groups, and patients with prior duration of anti-androgen >18 months and PSA-DT ≤3 months demonstrated the best results with a good response rate (67.9 %) and a low risk for a worsening of the disease (14.3 %). We conclude that AAWD would be effective especially for patients whose cancer progressed rapidly (short PSA-DT) after a long stable period under CAB and should be recommended before embarking on the next therapeutic maneuver.
Collapse
|
14
|
Romero E, Vélez de Mendizabal N, Cendrós JM, Peraire C, Bascompta E, Obach R, Trocóniz IF. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of the testosterone effects of triptorelin administered in sustained release formulations in patients with prostate cancer. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 342:788-98. [PMID: 22691297 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.195560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the current work were to develop a predictive population pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) model for the testosterone (TST) effects of triptorelin (TRP) administered in sustained-release (SR) formulations to patients with prostate cancer and determine the minimal required triptorelin serum concentration (C(TRP_min)) to keep the testosterone levels of the patients below or equal to the level of castration (TST ≤ 0.5 ng/ml). A total of eight healthy male volunteers and 74 patients with prostate cancer received one or two doses of triptorelin injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Five different triptorelin formulations were tested. Pharmacokinetic (serum concentration of triptorelin) and pharmacodynamic (TST levels in serum) data were analyzed by using the population approach with NONMEM software (http://www.iconplc.com/technology/products/nonmem/). The PK/PD model was constructed by assembling the agonist nature of triptorelin with the competitive reversible receptor binding interaction with the endogenous agonist, a process responsible for the initial and transient TST flare-up, and triggering down-regulation mechanisms described as a decrease in receptor synthesis. The typical population values of K(D), the receptor equilibrium dissociation constant of triptorelin, and C(TRP_min) to keep 95% of the patients castrated were 0.931 and 0.0609 ng/ml, respectively. The semimechanistic nature of the model renders the predictions of the effect of triptorelin on TST possible regardless the type of SR formulation administered, while exploring different designs during the development of new delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elba Romero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Venkateswaran S, Margel D, Yap S, Hersey K, Yip P, Fleshner NE. Comparison of serum testosterone levels in prostate cancer patients receiving LHRH agonist therapy with or without the removal of the prostate. Can Urol Assoc J 2012; 6:183-6. [PMID: 22664629 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.11278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The prostate secretes enzymes and nutrients to promote sperm motility. Recent reports suggest that the prostate may also secrete testosterone, which is believed to be a fuel for prostate tumour growth. The aim of this study was to determine if a difference in serum testosterone levels exists between men on luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone (LHRH) agonists who have undergone radical prostatectomy, radiation or hormone therapy as primary prostate cancer treatment. METHODS : Serum testosterone levels were evaluated in 165 consecutive prostate cancer patients using LHRH analogues for >3 months. We excluded patients receiving either radiation or chemotherapy at time of time of testosterone measurement. Patients were classified based on primary treatment: (1) radical prostatectomy; (2) radiation; or (3) primary hormone therapy. We used one-way ANOVA to compare testosterone levels. Pearson correlation was used to correlate testosterone with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and time on LHRH agonists. Multivariable linear regression was used to predict serum testosterone levels. RESULTS : The median (interquartile range) serum testosterone levels were 1.4 (1-1.9), 1.3 (1-1.625) and 1.25 (0.9-1.525) nmol/L for radical prostatectomy, radiation and primary hormone therapy groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in testosterone levels between the groups (p = 0.3). No correlation was found between testosterone and PSA levels or time on LHRH (r = 0.02 and r = 0.01), respectively. Multivariable linear regression showed that none of the clinical variables were predictors of serum testosterone levels. CONCLUSION : Our study suggests that primary treatment does not affect serum testosterone levels among men using LHRH analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seetha Venkateswaran
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Labrie F. The major role of androgens in prostate cancer and the need for more efficient blockade. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2011; 6:313-316. [PMID: 30754105 DOI: 10.1586/eem.11.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernand Labrie
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, QC, Canada and College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shih PC, Li GC, Yang KJ, Chen W, Tzou DLM. Conformational analysis of steroid hormone molecules in the lipid environment--a solid-state NMR approach. Steroids 2011; 76:558-63. [PMID: 21335019 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state (1)H/(13)C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy has been applied to two steroid compounds: dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and spironolactone (SPI), to analyze their conformations at the atomic level. In the absence of lipid, the high-resolution (13)C CP/MAS NMR signals of DHEA and SPI in a powder form reveal multiple patterns, with splittings of 30-160 Hz, indicating the existence of multiple conformations. In the mimic lipid environment formed by mixing 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-diheptanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC) in a molar ratio 3:1, the resulting DHEA and SPI spectra revealed mostly singlet patterns, suggesting that these steroids undergo a conformational change leading to a specific conformation in the lipid environment. Evidence from chemical shift isotropy and anisotropy analysis indicates that DHEA might adopt conformations subtly different from that seen in solution and in the powder form. In conclusion, we demonstrate by solid-state NMR that the structures of DHEA and SPI may adopt slightly different conformations in different chemical environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chen Shih
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Yen-Chiu-Yuan Rd., Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmad N, Kumar R. Steroid hormone receptors in cancer development: a target for cancer therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2011; 300:1-9. [PMID: 20926181 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 09/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone receptors (SHRs) are ligand-dependent intracellular transcription factors that are known to influence the development and growth of many human cancers. SHRs pass signals from a steroid/hormone to the target genes by interacting with specific response element DNA sequences and various coregulatory proteins that consists of activators and/or corepressors. Disruptions in physiological functions of SHRs leads to several types of malignancies such as breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer among others. Steroids/hormones/SHRs and their coregulators have opened up a unique window for novel steroid-based targeted therapies for cancer. Thus, dysregulation of SHR signaling in cancers compared with normal tissues can be exploited to target drugs that prevent and treat human cancers. In recent years, hormonal therapy has made a major contribution to the treatment of several cancers including reduced recurrence rates and longer survival rates. Development of various steroid receptor modulators and their potential therapeutic efficacies has provided us a great opportunity to effectively manage diseases like cancer in future. In this review article, we have summarized up-to-date knowledge of the role of SHRs in the development and progression of cancers, and potential endocrine-based therapeutic approaches to tackle these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|