1
|
Wilson H, de Natale ER, Politis M. Concise Review: Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques to assist clinical trials on cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases. Stem Cells 2022; 40:724-735. [PMID: 35671344 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are progressive disorders for which a curative therapy is still lacking. Cell-based therapy aims at replacing dysfunctional cellular populations by repairing damaged tissue and by enriching the microenvironment of selective brain areas, and thus constitutes a promising disease-modifying treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Scientific research has engineered a wide range of human-derived cellular populations to help overcome some of the logistical, safety, and ethical issues associated with this approach. Open-label studies and clinical trials in human participants have employed neuroimaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to assess the success of the transplantation, to evaluate the functional integration of the implanted tissue into the host environment and to understand the pathophysiological changes associated with the therapy. Neuroimaging has constituted an outcome measure of large, randomized clinical trials, and has given answers to clarify the pathophysiology underlying some of the complications linked with this therapy. Novel PET radiotracers and MRI sequences for the staging of neurodegenerative diseases and to study alterations at molecular level significantly expands the translational potential of neuroimaging to assist pre-clinical and clinical research on cell-based therapy in these disorders. This concise review summarizes the current use of neuroimaging in human studies of cell-based replacement therapy and focuses on future application of PET and MRI techniques to evaluate the pathophysiology and treatment efficacy, as well as to aid patient selection and as an outcome measure to improve treatment success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Wilson
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, University of Exeter Medical School, London, UK
| | | | - Marios Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, University of Exeter Medical School, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wianny F, Dzahini K, Fifel K, Wilson CRE, Bernat A, Dolmazon V, Misery P, Lamy C, Giroud P, Cooper HM, Knoblauch K, Procyk E, Kennedy H, Savatier P, Dehay C, Vezoli J. Induced Cognitive Impairments Reversed by Grafts of Neural Precursors: A Longitudinal Study in a Macaque Model of Parkinson's Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103827. [PMID: 35137562 PMCID: PMC8981458 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) evolves over an extended and variable period in humans; years prior to the onset of classical motor symptoms, sleep and biological rhythm disorders develop, significantly impacting the quality-of-life of patients. Circadian-rhythm disorders are accompanied by mild cognitive deficits that progressively worsen with disease progression and can constitute a severe burden for patients at later stages. The gold-standard 6-methyl-1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin (MPTP) macaque model of PD recapitulates the progression of motor and nonmotor symptoms over contracted periods of time. Here, this multidisciplinary/multiparametric study follows, in five animals, the steady progression of motor and nonmotor symptoms and describes their reversal following grafts of neural precursors in diverse functional domains of the basal ganglia. Results show unprecedented recovery from cognitive symptoms in addition to a strong clinical motor recuperation. Both motor and cognitive recovery and partial circadian rhythm recovery correlate with the degree of graft integration, and in a subset of animals, with in vivo levels of striatal dopaminergic innervation and function. The present study provides empirical evidence that integration of neural precursors following transplantation efficiently restores function at multiple levels in parkinsonian nonhuman primates and, given interindividuality of disease progression and recovery, underlines the importance of longitudinal multidisciplinary assessments in view of clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Wianny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- PrimastemBron69500France
| | - Kwamivi Dzahini
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- PrimastemBron69500France
| | - Karim Fifel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- Present address: International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI‐IIIS)University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki305‐8575Japan
| | - Charles Robert Eden Wilson
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Agnieszka Bernat
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- Present address: Laboratory of Molecular DiagnosticsDepartment of BiotechnologyInter‐collegiate Faculty of BiotechnologyUniversity of Gdańsk and Medical University of GdańskGdańsk80‐307Poland
- Present address: Laboratory of Experimental EmbryologyInstitute of Genetics and Animal BiotechnologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw05‐552Poland
| | - Virginie Dolmazon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Pierre Misery
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Camille Lamy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Pascale Giroud
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Howard Michael Cooper
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Kenneth Knoblauch
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- National Centre for OpticsVision and Eye CareFaculty of Health and Social SciencesUniversity College of Southeast NorwayKongsbergN‐3603Norway
| | - Emmanuel Procyk
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
| | - Henry Kennedy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- Institute of NeuroscienceState Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyShanghai200031China
| | - Pierre Savatier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- PrimastemBron69500France
| | - Colette Dehay
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- PrimastemBron69500France
| | - Julien Vezoli
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Inserm U1208Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron69500France
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck SocietyFrankfurt60528Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Goggi JL, Qiu L, Liao MC, Khanapur S, Jiang L, Boominathan R, Hartimath SV, Cheng P, Yong FF, Soh V, Deng X, Lin YM, Haslop A, Tan PW, Zeng X, Lee JWL, Zhang Z, Sadasivam P, Tan EK, Luthra SK, Shingleton WD, Oh SKW, Zeng L, Robins EG. Dopamine transporter neuroimaging accurately assesses the maturation of dopamine neurons in a preclinical model of Parkinson's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:347. [PMID: 32771055 PMCID: PMC7414543 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant developments in stem cell therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) have already been achieved; however, methods for reliable assessment of dopamine neuron maturation in vivo are lacking. Establishing the efficacy of new cellular therapies using non-invasive methodologies will be critical for future regulatory approval and application. The current study examines the utility of neuroimaging to characterise the in vivo maturation, innervation and functional dopamine release of transplanted human embryonic stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons (hESC-mDAs) in a preclinical model of PD. METHODS Female NIH RNu rats received a unilateral stereotaxic injection of 6-OHDA into the left medial forebrain bundle to create the PD lesion. hESC-mDA cell and sham transplantations were carried out 1 month post-lesion, with treated animals receiving approximately 4 × 105 cells per transplantation. Behavioural analysis, [18F]FBCTT and [18F]fallypride microPET/CT, was conducted at 1, 3 and 6 months post-transplantation and compared with histological characterisation at 6 months. RESULTS PET imaging revealed transplant survival and maturation into functional dopaminergic neurons. [18F]FBCTT-PET/CT dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging demonstrated pre-synaptic restoration and [18F]fallypride-PET/CT indicated functional dopamine release, whilst amphetamine-induced rotation showed significant behavioural recovery. Moreover, histology revealed that the grafted cells matured differently in vivo producing high- and low-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressing cohorts, and only [18F]FBCTT uptake was well correlated with differentiation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence for the value of in vivo functional imaging for the assessment of cell therapies and highlights the utility of DAT imaging for the determination of early post-transplant cell maturation and differentiation of hESC-mDAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian L Goggi
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Lifeng Qiu
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Mei Chih Liao
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Shivashankar Khanapur
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Lingfan Jiang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Ramasamy Boominathan
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Siddesh V Hartimath
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Peter Cheng
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Fui Fong Yong
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Soh
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Xiaozhou Deng
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Youshan Melissa Lin
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Anna Haslop
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Peng Wen Tan
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Jolene W L Lee
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Pragalath Sadasivam
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Eng King Tan
- Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, SGH Campus, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, SGH Campus, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Neuroscience & Behavioural Disorders Program, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Sajinder K Luthra
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, White Lion Rd., Little Chalfont, Amersham, HP7 9LL, UK
| | - William D Shingleton
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, White Lion Rd., Little Chalfont, Amersham, HP7 9LL, UK
| | - Steve K W Oh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,Neuroscience & Behavioural Disorders Program, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Novena Campus, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
| | - Edward G Robins
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, #01-02 HELIOS, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. .,Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Natale ER, Wilson H, Pagano G, Politis M. Imaging Transplantation in Movement Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 143:213-263. [PMID: 30473196 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy with graft transplantation has been tested as a disease-modifying treatment in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the damage of a predominant cell type, such as substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD) or striatal medium spiny projection neurons in Huntington's disease (HD). The results of these trials are mixed with success in preclinical and pilot open-label trials, which were not consistently reproduced in randomized controlled trials. Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) molecular imaging and functional magnetic resonance imaging allow the graft survival, and its relationship with the host tissues to be studied in vivo. In PD, PET with [18F]DOPA showed that graft survival does not necessarily correlate with the clinical improvement and PD patients with worse outcome had lower binding in the ventral striatum and a high serotonin ([11C]DASB PET) to dopamine ([18F]DOPA PET) ratio in the grafted neurons. In HD, PET with [11C]PK11195 showed the graft survival and the clinical responses may be related to the reactive activation of the host inflammatory/immune system. Findings from these studies have been used to refine study protocols and patient selection in current clinical trials, which includes identifying suitable candidates for transplantation using imaging markers and employing multiple and/or novel PET tracers to better assess graft functions and inflammatory responses to grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Rosario de Natale
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Wilson
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gennaro Pagano
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marios Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dupont AC, Largeau B, Guilloteau D, Santiago Ribeiro MJ, Arlicot N. The Place of PET to Assess New Therapeutic Effectiveness in Neurodegenerative Diseases. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 2018:7043578. [PMID: 29887768 PMCID: PMC5985069 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7043578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo exploration of neurodegenerative diseases by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has matured over the last 20 years, using dedicated radiopharmaceuticals targeting cellular metabolism, neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, or abnormal protein aggregates (beta-amyloid and intracellular microtubule inclusions containing hyperphosphorylated tau). The ability of PET to characterize biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels enables early detection and identification of molecular mechanisms associated with disease progression, by providing accurate, reliable, and longitudinally reproducible quantitative biomarkers. Thus, PET imaging has become a relevant imaging method for monitoring response to therapy, approved as an outcome measure in bioclinical trials. The aim of this paper is to review and discuss the current inputs of PET in the assessment of therapeutic effectiveness in neurodegenerative diseases connected by common pathophysiological mechanisms, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and also in psychiatric disorders. We also discuss opportunities for PET imaging to drive more personalized neuroprotective and therapeutic strategies, taking into account individual variability, within the growing framework of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Claire Dupont
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Unité de Radiopharmacie, Tours, France
| | | | - Denis Guilloteau
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Médecine Nucléaire in vitro, Tours, France
- INSERM CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Maria Joao Santiago Ribeiro
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- INSERM CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Médecine Nucléaire in vivo, Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Arlicot
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Unité de Radiopharmacie, Tours, France
- INSERM CIC 1415, University Hospital, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wianny F, Vezoli J. Transplantation in the nonhuman primate MPTP model of Parkinson's disease: update and perspectives. Primate Biol 2017; 4:185-213. [PMID: 32110706 PMCID: PMC7041537 DOI: 10.5194/pb-4-185-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to calibrate stem cell exploitation for cellular therapy in neurodegenerative diseases, fundamental and preclinical research in NHP (nonhuman primate) models is crucial. Indeed, it is consensually recognized that it is not possible to directly extrapolate results obtained in rodent models to human patients. A large diversity of neurological pathologies should benefit from cellular therapy based on neural differentiation of stem cells. In the context of this special issue of Primate Biology on NHP stem cells, we describe past and recent advances on cell replacement in the NHP model of Parkinson's disease (PD). From the different grafting procedures to the various cell types transplanted, we review here diverse approaches for cell-replacement therapy and their related therapeutic potential on behavior and function in the NHP model of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Wianny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Julien Vezoli
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Current status of PET imaging in Huntington's disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:1171-82. [PMID: 26899245 PMCID: PMC4844650 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To review the developments of recent decades and the current status of PET molecular imaging in Huntington’s disease (HD). Methods A systematic review of PET studies in HD was performed. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus databases were searched for articles in all languages published up to 19 August 2015 using the major medical subject heading “Huntington Disease” combined with text and key words “Huntington Disease”, “Neuroimaging” and “PET”. Only peer-reviewed, primary research studies in HD patients and premanifest HD carriers, and studies in which clinical features were described in association with PET neuroimaging results, were included in this review. Reviews, case reports and nonhuman studies were excluded. Results A total of 54 PET studies were identified and analysed in this review. Brain metabolism ([18F]FDG and [15O]H2O), presynaptic ([18F]fluorodopa, [11C]β-CIT and [11C]DTBZ) and postsynaptic ([11C]SCH22390, [11C]FLB457 and [11C]raclopride) dopaminergic function, phosphodiesterases ([18F]JNJ42259152, [18F]MNI-659 and [11C]IMA107), and adenosine ([18F]CPFPX), cannabinoid ([18F]MK-9470), opioid ([11C]diprenorphine) and GABA ([11C]flumazenil) receptors were evaluated as potential biomarkers for monitoring disease progression and for assessing the development and efficacy of novel disease-modifying drugs in premanifest HD carriers and HD patients. PET studies evaluating brain restoration and neuroprotection were also identified and described in detail. Conclusion Brain metabolism, postsynaptic dopaminergic function and phosphodiesterase 10A levels were proven to be powerful in assessing disease progression. However, no single technique may be currently considered an optimal biomarker and an integrative multimodal imaging approach combining different techniques should be developed for monitoring potential neuroprotective and preventive treatment in HD.
Collapse
|
8
|
Niccolini F, Rocchi L, Politis M. Molecular imaging of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2107-17. [PMID: 25681866 PMCID: PMC11113208 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) occur in the majority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) following years of levodopa treatment. The pathophysiology underlying LIDs in PD is poorly understood, and current treatments generate only minor benefits for the patients. Studies with positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging have demonstrated that in advanced PD patients, levodopa administration induces sharp increases in striatal dopamine levels, which correlate with LIDs severity. Fluctuations in striatal dopamine levels could be the result of the attenuated buffering ability in the dopaminergically denervated striatum. Lines of evidence from PET studies indicate that serotonergic terminals could also be responsible for the development of LIDs in PD by aberrantly processing exogenous levodopa and by releasing dopamine in a dysregulated manner from the serotonergic terminals. Additionally, other downstream mechanisms involving glutamatergic, cannabinoid, opioid, cholinergic, adenosinergic, and noradrenergic systems may contribute in the development of LIDs. In this article, we review the findings from preclinical, clinical, and molecular imaging studies, which have contributed to our understanding the pathophysiology of LIDs in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Niccolini
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Lorenzo Rocchi
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Marios Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Politis M, Niccolini F. Serotonin in Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2015; 277:136-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
10
|
Niccolini F, Loane C, Politis M. Dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: views from positron emission tomography studies. Eur J Neurol 2014; 21:694-9, e39-43. [PMID: 24471508 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) and graft-induced dyskinesias (GIDs) are serious and common complications of Parkinson's disease (PD) management following chronic treatment with levodopa or intrastriatal transplantation with dopamine-rich foetal ventral mesencephalic tissue, respectively. Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging provides a powerful in vivo tool that has been employed over the past 20 years for the elucidation of mechanisms underlying the development of LIDs and GIDs in PD patients. PET used together with radioligands tagging molecular targets has allowed the functional investigation of several systems in the brain including the dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, opioid, endocannabinoid, noradrenergic and cholinergic systems. In this article the role of PET imaging in unveiling pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of LIDs and GIDs in PD patients is reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Niccolini
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK; Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Loane C, Politis M. Buspirone: What is it all about? Brain Res 2012; 1461:111-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
12
|
Evans JR, Mason SL, Barker RA. Current status of clinical trials of neural transplantation in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59575-1.00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
13
|
Brundin P, Kordower JH. Neuropathology in transplants in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59575-1.00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Politis M, Piccini P. In vivo imaging of the integration and function of nigral grafts in clinical trials. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2012. [PMID: 23195420 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59575-1.00009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In vivo functional imaging has provided objective evidence for the integration and function of nigral grafts in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical trials with the use of positron emission tomography have shown that transplants of human dopamine-rich fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue can survive, grow, and release dopamine providing motor symptom relief, and also that they can restore brain activation related to movement. Positron emission tomography has aided in the elucidation of the pathophysiology of serious adverse effects, so-called graft-induced dyskinesias. With the use of newly established radioligands, positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography could help to improve Parkinson's patient selection in future clinical trials by selecting those with better predicted outcomes. Moreover, positron emission tomography could help monitoring postoperational inflammatory processes around the grafted tissue and the effect of immunosuppression. Recent evidence from positron emission tomography has provided insight of how ongoing extrastriatal serotonergic denervation may have relevance to nonmotor symptoms in transplanted Parkinson's disease patients indicating new cell therapy targets for a more complete relief of symptoms. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging techniques could help to better assess the integration of nigral graft with the host brain by assessing the restoration of brain activation during movement and of functional and structural connectivity. This knowledge should lead to the development of new, optimized in vivo imaging protocols that could help to better schedule, monitor, and modify the clinical outcomes of future human trials assessing the efficacy of fetal or stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marios Politis
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gardner M. World Parkinson Congress: bringing together the Parkinson’s community. Expert Rev Neurother 2011; 11:203-5. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.10.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|