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1
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Cheung CS, Qiu Z, Li D, Deng H, Zheng H, Gao H. Experimental and theoretical insights into palladium-mediated polymerization of para-N, N-disubstituted aminostyrene. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17573-17582. [PMID: 37966170 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03146b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical insights into polymerization of para-N,N-disubstituted aminostyrene monomers (St-4-NR2, R = Me, Et, Ph) using cationic α-diimine palladium complexes have been initially reported. The effects of the catalyst structure and monomer substituent were studied systematically. Polymerization turnover frequency (TOF) was shown to decrease in the order of monomer substituents Me > Et > Ph, whereas the molecular weight of the produced polymers showed an opposite trend (Me < Et < Ph). Methanol-mediated polymerization of para-N,N-dimethylaminostyrene (DMAS), along with polymer chain-end analysis, and palladium intermediate isolation proved that palladium-initiated DMAS polymerization obeyed a cationic mechanism. Comprehensive theoretical calculations further revealed that the carbocation was generated from the insertion of DMAS into the palladium center rather than the polarization of the methyl palladium intermediate with a coordinated DMAS. The produced amine-functionalized amorphous polystyrenes have low stereoregularity and exhibit good hydrophilic properties. The poly(para-N,N-disphenylaminostyrene) is a luminescent polymer and shows fluorescence properties, rendering this material a promising candidate for versatile potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shing Cheung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zonglin Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Huiyun Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Handou Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Haiyang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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2
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Zhang Z, Ye Z, Han S, Li S. One-Pot Synthesis of Hyperbranched and Star Polyketones by Palladium-Catalyzed Terpolymerization of 4-tert-Butylstyrene, Divinylbenzene, and Carbon Monoxide. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Bharti School of Engineering, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Ontario, Canada
- School of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Bharti School of Engineering, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G 1M8, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shuang Han
- School of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Shiyun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Takeshima H, Satoh K, Kamigaito M. R–Cl/SnCl 4/ n-Bu 4NCl-induced direct living cationic polymerization of naturally-derived unprotected 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, and 4-vinylcatechol in CH 3CN. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A R–Cl/SnCl4/n-Bu4NCl-initiating system induced direct living cationic polymerization of naturally derived styrene monomers with phenol and catechol groups in CH3CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaaki Takeshima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Kotaro Satoh
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Masami Kamigaito
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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4
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Liu P, Ma H, Shen H, Han L, Chang S, Zang L, Bian Y, Bai Y, Li Y. Study on the Mechanism of a Side Coupling Reaction during the Living Anionic Copolymerization of Styrene and 1-(Ethoxydimethylsilyphenyl)-1-phenylethylene (DPE-SiOEt). Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9050171. [PMID: 30970850 PMCID: PMC6432263 DOI: 10.3390/polym9050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) derivative with an alkoxysilyl group (DPE-SiOEt) was synthesized. It was end-capped with poly(styryl)lithium (PSLi) and then copolymerized with styrene via living anionic polymerization (LAP) in a non-polar solvent at room temperature. The observed side coupling reaction was carefully investigated by end-capping the polymer. Changes in molecular weight support the plausibility of a mechanism involving living anionic species (PSLi or lithiated DPE-end-capped polystyrene, PSDLi) and the alkoxysilyl groups. Through a series of copolymerizations with different feed ratios, the kinetics of the side coupling reaction were also studied. The results showed that the side reactions could be controlled using an excess feed of DPE-SiOEt, a potentially useful strategy for the synthesis and application of well-defined alkoxysilyl-functionalized polymers via LAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Hongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Heyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Shuang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Long Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yiyu Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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5
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Guo Y, Liu H, Tang D, Li C, Zhao Y. Facile synthesis of silica nanoparticles grafted with quaternized linear, comblike and toothbrushlike copolymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01741b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The alkoxysilane–hydroxyl coupling reaction, quaternization and RAFT polymerization were combined to synthesize three types of quaternized copolymers grafted silica with thermo-dependent surface wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Guo
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Dandan Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Cangxia Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
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Zhang M, Liu H, Shao W, Ye C, Zhao Y. Versatile Synthesis of Multiarm and Miktoarm Star Polymers with a Branched Core by Combination of Menschutkin Reaction and Controlled Polymerization. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301973v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer
Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer
Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer
Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunnuan Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer
Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer
Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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7
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SE K. Absolute Molecular Characterization of Non-Linear Block Copolymers Using GPC Equipped with a Low-Angle Laser Light-Scattering Detector. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2012. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.69.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of anionic living-equilibrium polymerization for (p-Isopropenylphenethyl)poly(α-methylstyrene) macromonomer. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Se K, Yoshizawa A. Distribution of the number of arms of (PSt)f−n-star-(PIs)n hetero-star block copolymers prepared via anionic living polymerization of macromonomers. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Guillaneuf Y, Castignolles P. Using apparent molecular weight from SEC in controlled/living polymerization and kinetics of polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Se K, Hayashino Y. Anionic Living Polymerization of Macromonomers: Preparation of (A)n-star-(B)1 Star Block Copolymers and Some Properties of the Products Obtained. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma061849o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Se
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yasunari Hayashino
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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12
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SE K, YAMAZAKI T, IRIE S. Distribution in Number of Arms for (PSt)f Star Polymers Prepared via Anionic Living Polymerization of Macromonomers. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.64.953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers using a Fluorescently LabeledN-Alkoxyamine Initiator. Macromol Rapid Commun 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200500608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Se K, Inoue N, Yamashita M. Anionic living polymerization of macromonomers: Preparation of a particle-like purging reagent and characterization of poly(macromonomer)s. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Matyjaszewski K. Macromolecular engineering: From rational design through precise macromolecular synthesis and processing to targeted macroscopic material properties. Prog Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Preparation and characterization of graft copolymers of methyl methacrylate and poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) macromonomers. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Se K, Aoyama K, Aoyama J, Donkai M. Introduction of Azobenzenes or Vinyl Groups into Ends of Rodlike Polymers. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma030166v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Se
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Kouji Aoyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Jun Aoyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Masaru Donkai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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