Sonography for the detection and follow-up of primary nonsarcomatous bladder tumors in children

Multiple hemangiomas of the urinary bladder in a child with gross hematuria

We report a case of multiple hemangiomas involving the urinary bladder in a 4-year-old boy who presented with recurrent episodes of gross hematuria. On ultrasonography, compared with the bladder wall, the lesions presented as multiple isoechoic polypoid intraluminal masses with mildly increased vascularity on color Doppler exam. Cavernous hemangioma was confirmed by cold-cup biopsy, and the all lesions were coagulated with a Holmium laser. Despite their rarity, bladder hemangiomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of multiple intravesical masses in children with gross hematuria.

Mimickers and tumours in the lower urinary tract: Do we need more efficient vigilance?

Lower urinary tract symptoms are common in pediatric urology, but an atypical presentation may portend significant pathophysiology. We present 5 cases of young males with a sudden change in urinary symptoms, which resulted in the discovery of a variety of benign bladder tumours. We present the clinical, radiologic and histologic findings of these cases emphasizing on mimickers in clinics. Although rare tumours, these may be increasing in frequency and pediatric care may further be enhanced by the development of multinational registry.

[Imaging features of neurofibromatosis involving the urinary bladder]

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a phacomatosis with neurocutaneous involvement. Urinary bladder involvement is rare and the imaging features are seldom reported. Involvement of the urinary bladder may be isolated or associated with more diffuse disease. The imaging features of neurofibromas are fairly characteristic and may often suggest the correct diagnosis, especially in patients with known NF1. We report the imaging features of bladder involvement in 3 patients with known NF1.

[Transitional cell tumor in a 12-year-old patient]

Transitional cell papillomas, which are tumors of epithelial origin, are the most common urinary tract neoplasm in adults but are extremely rare in children. In both groups the main location is the bladder, often around one of the ureteric orifices. Symptoms vary widely but the most frequent is gross hematuria. Transitional cell papillomas are histologically low-grade tumors and total excision is considered curative. However the rate of recurrence in the literature is high, and there is a potential for a more aggressive type of tumor. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with a transitional cell papilloma near the right ureteric orifice and describe the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of this entity.

Transitional cell papilloma of the bladder in a child: a case report and review of literature

Transitional cell papillomas of the bladder are tumours of epithelial origin that are extremely rare in children. A large number have been found to be sited adjacent to one of the ureteric orifices. They are benign and endoscopic excision has been considered curative; however, the rate of recurrence reported in the literature is fairly high, with the earliest recurrence being at 3 months. We report the case of a 7-year-old girl who presented with the rare lesion situated just above the right ureteric orifice.

Bladder papilloma in a 12-year-old girl

Epithelial bladder tumours are rare in childhood. A case of bladder papilloma in a 12-year-old girl is reported. Emphasis is given to the important role of ultrasound in diagnosis. Endoscopic treatment was successful and no evidence of recurrence was found at 5-year follow-up. Exposure to a chemical environmental factor (volatile shoe adhesives) is suggested as a possible cause of the tumour.