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Li H, Wang X, Wu H, Wang W, Zheng A, Zhu J, Liang L, Sun H, Lu L, Lv J, Yu Q, Wang H, Yu B. Simultaneous noninvasive ultrasensitive detection of prostate specific antigen and lncRNA PCA3 using multiplexed dual optical microfibers with strong plasmonic nanointerfaces. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 264:116672. [PMID: 39151263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Low accuracy of diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa) was easily caused by only assaying single prostate specific antigen (PSA) biomarker. Although conventional reported methods for simultaneous detection of two specific PCa biomarkers could improve the diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, low detection sensitivity restrained their use in extreme early-stage PCa clinical assay applications. In order to overcome above drawbacks, this paper herein proposed a multiplexed dual optical microfibers separately functionalized with gold nanorods (GNRs) and Au nanobipyramids (Au NBPs) nanointerfaces with strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects. The sensors could simultaneously detect PSA protein biomarker and long noncoding RNA prostate cancer antigen 3 (lncRNA PCA3) with ultrahigh sensitivity and remarkable specificity. Consequently, the proposed dual optical microfibers multiplexed biosensors could detect the PSA protein and lncRNA PCA3 with ultra-low limit-of-detections (LODs) of 3.97 × 10-15 mol/L and 1.56 × 10-14 mol/L in pure phosphorus buffer solution (PBS), respectively, in which the obtained LODs were three orders of magnitude lower than existed state-of-the-art PCa assay technologies. Additionally, the sensors could discriminate target components from complicated physiological environment, that showing noticeable biosensing specificity of the sensors. With good performances of the sensors, they could successfully assay PSA and lncRNA PCA3 in undiluted human serum and urine simultaneously, respectively. Consequently, our proposed multiplexed sensors could real-time high-sensitivity simultaneously detect complicated human samples, that providing a novel valuable approach for the high-accurate diagnosis of early-stage PCa individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Weisheng Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Aiyun Zheng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lili Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Biosensing and Communication Devices, Institute of Information Technology, Handan University, Handan, 056005, China
| | - Huojiao Sun
- School of Electrical and Optoelectronic Engineering, West Anhui University, Luan, 237012, China
| | - Liang Lu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jialiang Lv
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qi Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Benli Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
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Fu Y, Xiao K, Zhang X, Du C, Chen J. Peptide Cleavage-Mediated and Environmentally Friendly Photocurrent Polarity Switching System for Prostate-Specific Antigen Assay. Anal Chem 2020; 93:1076-1083. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ke Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Cuicui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Liu H, Ding J, Wu Y, Wu D, Qi J. Prospective Study of the Clinical Impact of Epithelial and Mesenchymal Circulating Tumor Cells in Localized Prostate Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4549-4560. [PMID: 32606948 PMCID: PMC7304675 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s253997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered as a surrogate marker in monitoring disease progression and treatment response in late stage prostate cancer (PCa), its clinical impact in localized PCa remains unclear, indicating the limitation that is simply based on cell count. This perspective observational study aimed to detect the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) subtypes of CTCs in localized PCa and analyze their clinical relevance and application in predicting PCa stages before surgery compared with the Partin table. Patients and Methods Between August 2017 and April 2019, 80 newly diagnosed localized PCa patients were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood samples (5 mL) were collected prior to surgery. The CanPatrolTM CTC enrichment technique, a size-based isolation method, was used to detect the EMT CTCs. Clinical relevance of the CTCs was analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlation test. Models to predict pathological were built with multivariate logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) analysis were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model. Results CTCs were detected in 55% of all patients. The biophenotypic CTCs were most valuable and closely correlated with PSA, Gleason score, D’Amico risk classification, and pathological stage in localized PCa. The mesenchymal subtype was rare in this population but associated with seminal vesicle invasion, while the epithelial subtype had limited clinical significance. In addition, the biophenotypic CTCs combined with traditional clinical variables were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression to predict organ-confined disease before surgery, of which the AUC reached 0.818 and was superior to the Partin table 2017 in our cohort. Conclusion This study highlights the clinical impact of the biophenotypic CTCs in localized PCa, which was most closely related to clinical variables and could help to predict pathology outcomes before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Liu
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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Zapatero A, Gómez-Caamaño A, Cabeza Rodriguez MÁ, Muinelo-Romay L, Martin de Vidales C, Abalo A, Calvo Crespo P, Leon Mateos L, Olivier C, Vega Piris LV. Detection and dynamics of circulating tumor cells in patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and hormones: a prospective phase II study. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:137. [PMID: 32487218 PMCID: PMC7268302 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are an established prognostic marker in castration-resistant prostate cancer but have received little attention in localized high-risk disease. We studied the detection rate of CTCs in patients with high-risk prostate cancer before and after androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy to assess its value as a prognostic and monitoring marker. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a prospective analysis of CTCs in the peripheral blood of 65 treatment-naïve patients with high-risk prostate cancer. EpCAM-positive CTCs were enumerated using the CELLSEARCH system at 4 timepoints. A cut off of 0 vs ≥ 1 CTC/7.5 ml blood was defined as a threshold for negative versus positive CTCs status. RESULTS CTCs were detected in 5/65 patients (7.5%) at diagnosis, 8/62 (12.9%) following neoadjuvant androgen deprivation and 11/59 (18.6%) at the end of radiotherapy, with a median CTC count/7.5 ml of 1 (range, 1-136). Only 1 patient presented a positive CTC result 9 months after radiotherapy. Positive CTC status (at any timepoint) was not significantly associated with any clinical or pathologic factors. However, when we analyzed variations in CTC patterns following treatment, we observed a significant association between conversion of CTCs and stages T3 (P = 0.044) and N1 (P = 0.002). Detection of CTCs was not significantly associated with overall survival (P > 0.40). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed a low detection rate for CTCs in patients with locally advanced high-risk prostate cancer. The finding of a de novo positive CTC count after androgen deprivation therapy is probably due to a passive mechanism associated with the destruction of the tumor. Further studies with larger samples and based on more accurate detection of CTCs are needed to determine the potential prognostic and therapeutic value of this approach in non-metastatic prostate cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01800058.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Zapatero
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Health Research Institute IIS-IP, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Martin de Vidales
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Health Research Institute IIS-IP, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Abalo
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Luis Leon Mateos
- Hospital Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Olivier
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Health Research Institute IIS-IP, Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Vega Vega Piris
- Methodology Unit, Health Research Institute of Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Broncy L, Paterlini-Bréchot P. Clinical Impact of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070676. [PMID: 31277346 PMCID: PMC6678597 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The main issue concerning localized prostate cancers is the lack of a suitable marker which could help patients’ stratification at diagnosis and distinguish those with a benign disease from patients with a more aggressive cancer. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) are spread in the blood by invasive tumors and could be the ideal marker in this setting. Therefore, we have compiled data from the literature in order to obtain clues about the clinical impact of CTC in patients with localized prostate cancer. Forty-three publications have been found reporting analyses of CTC in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Of these, we have made a further selection of 11 studies targeting patients with clinical or pathological stages T1 and T2 and reporting the clinical impact of CTC. The results of this search show encouraging data toward the use of CTC in patients with early-stage cancer. However, they also highlight the lack of standardized methods providing a highly sensitive and specific approach for the detection of prostate-derived CTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Broncy
- INSERM Unit 1151, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Patrizia Paterlini-Bréchot
- INSERM Unit 1151, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France.
- Laboratoire de Biochimie A, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France.
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Ghorbani F, Abbaszadeh H, Dolatabadi JEN, Aghebati-Maleki L, Yousefi M. Application of various optical and electrochemical aptasensors for detection of human prostate specific antigen: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111484. [PMID: 31284103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Early stage detection of prostate cancer, one of the main causes of mortality among men, is of great importance for better treatment of the patients. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a glycoprotein which has been considered as the most potential serological biomarker for the detection of prostate cancer. Among the various techniques employed for PSA detection, aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) have achieved notable attention because of their unique features and great potentials as diagnostic tools. A variety of strategies such as integration of nanomaterials (NMs) into the structure of aptasensors have also been applied for enhancing the sensitivity of PSA detection. This article reviews recent advances in various optical and electrochemical aptasensors used for PSA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Abbaszadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Dynamics of three-dimensional telomere profiles of circulating tumor cells in patients with high-risk prostate cancer who are undergoing androgen deprivation and radiation therapies. Urol Oncol 2016; 35:112.e1-112.e11. [PMID: 27956006 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accurate assessment and monitoring of the therapeutic efficacy of locally advanced prostate cancer remains a major clinical challenge. Contrary to prostate biopsies, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a cellular source repeatedly obtainable by blood sampling and could serve as a surrogate marker for treatment efficacy. In this study, we used size-based filtration to isolate and enumerate CTCs from the blood of 20 patients with high-risk (any one of cT3, Gleason 8-10, or prostate-specific antigen>20ng/ml), nonmetastatic, and treatment-naive prostate cancer before and after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiation therapy (RT). MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed 3D telomere-specific quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization on isolated CTCs to determine 3D telomere profiles for each patient before and throughout the course of both ADT and RT. RESULTS Based on the distinct 3D telomere signatures of CTC before treatment, patients were divided into 3 groups. ADT and RT resulted in distinct changes in 3D telomere signatures of CTCs, which were unique for each of the 3 patient groups. CONCLUSION The ability of 3D telomere analysis of CTCs to identify disease heterogeneity among a clinically homogeneous group of patients, which reveals differences in therapeutic responses, provides a new opportunity for better treatment monitoring and management of patients with high-risk prostate cancer.
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León-Mateos L, Vieito M, Anido U, López López R, Muinelo Romay L. Clinical Application of Circulating Tumour Cells in Prostate Cancer: From Bench to Bedside and Back. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1580. [PMID: 27657044 PMCID: PMC5037845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men worldwide. To improve future drug development and patient management, surrogate biomarkers associated with relevant outcomes are required. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are tumour cells that can enter the circulatory system, and are principally responsible for the development of metastasis at distant sites. In recent years, interest in detecting CTCs as a surrogate biomarker has ghiiukjrown. Clinical studies have revealed that high levels of CTCs in the blood correlate with disease progression in patients with prostate cancer; however, their predictive value for monitoring therapeutic response is less clear. Despite the important progress in CTC clinical development, there are critical requirements for the implementation of their analysis as a routine oncology tool. The goal of the present review is to provide an update on the advances in the clinical validation of CTCs as a surrogate biomarker and to discuss the principal obstacles and main challenges to their inclusion in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis León-Mateos
- Axencia Galega de Coñecemento en Saúde (ACIS), SERGAS, Avda, Fernando de Casa Novoa, Santiago de Compostela 15707, Spain.
| | - María Vieito
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada.
| | - Urbano Anido
- Translational Medical Oncology/Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - Rafael López López
- Translational Medical Oncology/Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - Laura Muinelo Romay
- Translational Medical Oncology/Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Trav. Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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Ma X, Xiao Z, Li X, Wang F, Zhang J, Zhou R, Wang J, Liu L. Prognostic role of circulating tumor cells and disseminated tumor cells in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5551-60. [PMID: 24563278 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) displayed their roles in prognosis prediction in prostate cancer. The objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature while investigating the correlation between survival outcome and CTCs or DTCs counts in patients with prostate cancer. Relevant literature was searched in Pubmed and Embase. Survival data of included study were extracted. Forrest plots were used to estimate the effect of CTCs/DTCs on the survival of patients. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test. The estimated HRs and 95 % confidence interval for the effect of CTCs/DTCs on overall survival (OS) and biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) or disease-free survival (DFS) were 2.43 [2.07, 2.86] (p<0.00001) and 2.15 [1.69, 2.73] (p<0.00001), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that CTCs were also relevant to poor prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) 2.43 [2.05, 2.89] for OS, HR 2.46 [2.08, 2.90] for bRFS/DFS). A similar result was yielded in DTCs (1.47 [1.21, 1.80] for DFS). CTCs/DTCs could also predict poor OS in metastatic prostate cancer (2.37 [1.99, 2.82], p<0.00001) and in localized stage (HR 1.84 [1.47, 2.28], p<0.00001). In addition, CTCs/DTCs detected by different methods, especially by CellSearch system (HR for OS 2.36 [1.95, 2.85] and HR for bRFS/DFS 2.53 [1.66, 3.85]), were relevant to poor prognosis. Available evidence supported the notion of the strong prognostic value of CTCs. CTCs are promising biomarkers that are clinically implemented in the therapeutic decision-making process in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zehentner BK, Secrist H, Zhang X, Hayes DC, Ostenson R, Goodman G, Xu J, Kiviat M, Kiviat N, Persing DH, Houghton RL. Detection of α-Methylacyl-Coenzyme-A Racemase Transcripts in Blood and Urine Samples of Prostate Cancer Patients. Mol Diagn Ther 2012; 10:397-403. [PMID: 17154657 DOI: 10.1007/bf03256217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme-A racemase (AMACR) has been shown to be a highly specific marker for prostate cancer cells, even in the earliest stages of malignant progression. It is expressed at much higher levels than prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in malignant tissues, and is not expressed at appreciable levels in normal prostatic epithelium. In this study, we demonstrate the quantitative detection of AMACR transcripts in peripheral blood of prostate cancer patients using real-time RT-PCR. In addition, we have undertaken a pilot study to demonstrate the potential application of this technique for the detection of prostate tumor cells in urine samples from patients with prostate cancer. METHODS A real-time RT-PCR assay was developed for detection of the expression of AMACR in prostate cancer patients. Blood samples from 163 patients were tested at various stages of disease progression, with or without therapy. Blood specimens from patients with benign prostate disorders and other types of cancer were also evaluated. RESULTS In 28 of 58 samples from patients with known metastatic disease who were undergoing treatment, an AMACR expression signal above the cut-off value was detected, consistent with the presence of circulating tumor cells. In 39 of 88 patients with presumptive organ-confined disease, there was evidence of low levels of circulating tumor cells. Comparison of AMACR RT-PCR with known serum PSA values indicated that a combination of these parameters significantly increased the sensitivity for detection of progressive disease. In a pilot study analyzing urine samples from seven prostate cancer patients, elevated AMACR expression levels were detected in the urine sediments of four of six stage-T1 prostate cancer patients and in the one patient with stage-T2 prostate cancer. CONCLUSION The data presented in this study indicates that AMACR real-time RT-PCR may aid in the detection and staging of prostate cancer.
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Mabjeesh NJ, Amir S, Stenger A, Chen J, Matzkin H. Detection of prostate specific transcripts in the peripheral blood during brachytherapy predicts postoperative PSA kinetics. Prostate 2009; 69:1235-44. [PMID: 19434652 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated whether detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human kallikrein 2 (hK2) transcripts in the peripheral blood during brachytherapy could predict biochemical outcome. METHODS Eighty-one patients who underwent (125)Iodine-based brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer (Gleason score <8, PSA <20 ng/ml, stage <T3), participated in the study. Brachytherapy was given to 35 patients as monotherapy, to 36 in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and to 10 in combination with external beam radiation and ADT. Blood samples from 80 patients were available for analysis. Nested RT-PCR means was used to detect mRNA expression of PSA and hK2 in the peripheral blood. Their expression was analyzed before, during and 1 month after brachytherapy. Patients' biochemical outcome (blood PSA levels) during 3 years of follow-up was correlated with the PCR results. RESULTS The incidence of PSA and hK2 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood was significantly higher during than before or after the procedure. Patients with concurrent positive PSA and hK2 PCR results during brachytherapy had higher postoperative blood PSA values and a slower decline rate of PSA compared with patients with negative PSA and hK2 PCR results. No correlations were found between pre- and postbrachytherapy PCR results and biochemical outcome. ADT was the only significant factor that affected PSA and hK2 mRNA expression during brachytherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our short-term results suggest that detection of PSA and hK2 transcripts in the peripheral blood of prostate cancer patients during brachytherapy could serve as a predictor of biochemical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Mabjeesh
- Department of Urology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
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Zieglschmid V, Hollmann C, Böcher O. DETECTION OF DISSEMINATED TUMOR CELLS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2008; 42:155-96. [PMID: 15941083 DOI: 10.1080/10408360590913696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related deaths in patients with solid epithelial malignancies, such as breast, colorectal and prostate carcinomas. Hematogenous spreading of tumor cells from a primary tumor can be considered as a crucial step in the metastasis cascade leading eventually to the formation of clinically manifest metastases. Consequently, as shown in recent studies, the detection of disseminated tumor cells in peripheral blood might be of clinical relevance with respect to individual patient prognosis and staging or monitoring of therapy. However, the rarity of disseminated tumor cells in peripheral blood renders the application of sensitive techniques mandatory for their detection. The emergence of highly sophisticated reverse transciptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, combining a preanalytical enrichment step with the assessment of multiple molecular tumor markers expressed in disseminated tumor cells, provides a powerful tool in detecting disseminated tumor cells with high sensitivity and specificity. This review will discuss currently used tumor markers as well as experimental means to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR assays to detect disseminated tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and their clinical relevance assessed in recent studies.
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Danila DC, Heller G, Gignac GA, Gonzalez-Espinoza R, Anand A, Tanaka E, Lilja H, Schwartz L, Larson S, Fleisher M, Scher HI. Circulating tumor cell number and prognosis in progressive castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 13:7053-8. [PMID: 18056182 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of tumor-specific markers to select targeted therapies and to assess clinical outcome remains a significant area of unmet need. We evaluated the association of baseline circulating tumor cell (CTC) number with clinical characteristics and survival in patients with castrate metastatic disease considered for different hormonal and cytotoxic therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CTC were isolated by immunomagnetic capture from 7.5-mL samples of blood from 120 patients with progressive clinical castrate metastatic disease. We estimated the probability of survival over time by the Kaplan-Meier method. The concordance probability estimate was used to gauge the discriminatory strength of the informative prognostic factors. RESULTS Sixty-nine (57%) patients had five or more CTC whereas 30 (25%) had two cells or less. Higher CTC numbers were observed in patients with bone metastases relative to those with soft tissue disease and in patients who had received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy relative to those who had not. CTC counts were modestly correlated to measurements of tumor burden such as prostate-specific antigen and bone scan index, reflecting the percentage of boney skeleton involved with tumor. Baseline CTC number was strongly associated with survival, without a threshold effect, which increased further when baseline prostate-specific antigen and albumin were included. CONCLUSIONS Baseline CTC was predictive of survival, with no threshold effect. The shedding of cells into the circulation represents an intrinsic property of the tumor, distinct from extent of disease, and provides unique information relative to prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Danila
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
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15
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Zhang L, Wang CY, Yang R, Shi J, Fu R, Chen L, Klocker H, Zhang J. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen in peripheral blood for detection of prostate cancer micrometastasis. Urol Oncol 2008; 26:634-40. [PMID: 18367130 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2007.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was widely used to detect disseminated tumor cells. However, high percentages of false-positive cases have been reported. Herein, we developed a method to detect prostate cancer (PCa) micrometastasis by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 118 males, including 13 healthy volunteers, 17 patients with metastatic PCa, 20 patients with localized PCa, and 68 patients with BPH. RNA was isolated from blood samples of different patients. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify the copy number of PSA and PSMA. The primers and probe of PSMA were designed to specifically discriminate between PSMA and PSM', an alternatively spliced variant, mRNA. RESULTS There was significant difference in the PSA and PSMA mRNA levels among BPH, locally confined PCa, and metastatic PCa blood specimens. The real-time quantitative RT-PCR is sensitive, accurate, and has a high reproducibility within a wide dynamic range (10(3)-10(8)), which permits simultaneous quantitative analysis of samples with varying input concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This method improves accuracy and liability of assessment of disseminated prostate cancer cells in peripheral blood and is promising for clinical diagnosis purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Zhang
- Bioactive Materials Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute for Molecular Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Fizazi K, Morat L, Chauveinc L, Prapotnich D, De Crevoisier R, Escudier B, Cathelineau X, Rozet F, Vallancien G, Sabatier L, Soria JC. High detection rate of circulating tumor cells in blood of patients with prostate cancer using telomerase activity. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:518-21. [PMID: 17322541 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) cannot be readily detected with currently available methods in the majority of patients with prostate cancer. Telomerase activation, one of the major immortalization events, is found in most cases of prostate cancer. We attempted to develop a method using telomerase activity to isolate CTCs in patients with prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood using Ficoll-Hypaque. Immunomagnetic beads coated with an epithelial cell-specific antigen antibody (BerEP4) were used to harvest epithelial cells from PBMCs. Telomerase activity was detected in harvested epithelial cells using the telomerase-PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS Blood samples from 107 patients with prostate cancer were studied. CTCs were detected in 19 of 24 (79%) patients with advanced prostate cancer. In contrast, CTCs were not detected in blood samples from 22 healthy male volunteers. CTCs were even identified in patients with an undetectable (<0.1 ng/ml) serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). CTCs were detected in 55 of 70 (79%) patients with localized prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy (n = 30) or brachytherapy (n = 40). CTCs were also detected in 3 of 13 patients (23%) with an undetectable serum PSA measured at least 1 year after radical prostatectomy, which is consistent with the expected relapse rate in this setting. CONCLUSION CTCs can be detected using telomerase activity in a large majority and a wide variety of patients with prostate cancer, including those with localized disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fizazi
- Department of Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
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Lotze MT, Wang E, Marincola FM, Hanna N, Bugelski PJ, Burns CA, Coukos G, Damle N, Godfrey TE, Howell WM, Panelli MC, Perricone MA, Petricoin EF, Sauter G, Scheibenbogen C, Shivers SC, Taylor DL, Weinstein JN, Whiteside TL. Workshop on Cancer Biometrics: Identifying Biomarkers and Surrogates of Cancer in Patients. J Immunother 2005; 28:79-119. [PMID: 15725954 DOI: 10.1097/01.cji.0000154251.20125.2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current excitement about molecular targeted therapies has driven much of the recent dialog in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Particularly in the biologic therapy of cancer, identifiable antigenic T-cell targets restricted by MHC molecules and the related novel stress molecules such as MICA/B and Letal allow a degree of precision previously unknown in cancer therapy. We have previously held workshops on immunologic monitoring and angiogenesis monitoring. This workshop was designed to discuss the state of the art in identification of biomarkers and surrogates of tumor in patients with cancer, with particular emphasis on assays within the blood and tumor. We distinguish this from immunologic monitoring in the sense that it is primarily a measure of the tumor burden as opposed to the immune response to it. Recommendations for intensive investigation and targeted funding to enable such strategies were developed in seven areas: genomic analysis; detection of molecular markers in peripheral blood and lymph node by tumor capture and RT-PCR; serum, plasma, and tumor proteomics; immune polymorphisms; high content screening using flow and imaging cytometry; immunohistochemistry and tissue microarrays; and assessment of immune infiltrate and necrosis in tumors. Concrete recommendations for current application and enabling further development in cancer biometrics are summarized. This will allow a more informed, rapid, and accurate assessment of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Lotze
- Translational Research, University of Pittsburgh Molecular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Nichol AM, Warde P, Bristow RG. Optimal treatment of intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma with radiotherapy. Cancer 2005; 104:891-905. [PMID: 16007687 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.21257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The clinical heterogeneity of intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma presents a challenge to urologic oncology in terms of prognosis and management. There is controversy regarding whether patients with intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma should be treated with dose-escalated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (e.g., doses > 74 gray [Gy]), or conventional-dose EBRT (e.g., doses < 74 Gy) combined with androgen deprivation (AD). Data for this review were identified through searches for articles in MEDLINE and in conference proceedings, indexed from 1966 to 2004. Currently, the intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma grouping is defined on the basis of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), tumor classification (T classification), and Gleason score. Emerging evidence suggests that additional prognostic information may be derived from the percentage of positive core needle biopsies at the time of diagnosis and/or from the pretreatment PSA doubling time. Novel prognostic biomarkers include protein expression relating to cell cycle control, cell death, DNA repair, and intracellular signal transduction. Preclinical data support dose escalation or combined AD with radiation as a means to increase prostate carcinoma cell kill. There is Level I evidence that patients with intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma benefit from dose-escalated EBRT or AD plus conventional-dose EBRT. However, clinical evidence is lacking to support the uniform use of AD plus dose-escalated EBRT. Patients in the intermediate-risk group should be entered into well designed, randomized clinical trials of dose-escalated EBRT and AD with sufficient power to address biochemical failure and cause-specific survival endpoints. These studies should be stratified by novel prognostic markers and accompanied by strong translational endpoints to address clinical heterogeneity and to allow for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Nichol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto and the Princess Margaret Hospital-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Recent advances in molecular techniques have given the opportunity to assess genomic and proteomic alterations comprehensively and rapidly in routinely acquired tissue samples. In particular, new markers derived from qualitative and quantitative DNA, RNA, and protein analysis have provided additional objective information to supplant and extend the morphologic interpretations and have been increasingly integrated into the final surgical pathology diagnosis. In this review several recently developed molecular techniques are described and illustrated. The focus is on prostate cancer diagnostics, as an example of their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Montironi
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), Azienda Ospedaliera Umberto I degrees, I-60020, Ancona, Torrette, Italy.
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