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Dai Z, Ji J, Yan Y, Lin W, Li H, Chen F, Liu Y, Chen W, Bi Y, Xie Q. Role of gga-miR-221 and gga-miR-222 during Tumour Formation in Chickens Infected by Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus. Viruses 2015; 7:6538-51. [PMID: 26690468 PMCID: PMC4690879 DOI: 10.3390/v7122956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) causes a neoplastic disease in infected chickens. Differential expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to the formation and growth of tumors. (1) Background: This study was undertaken to understand how miRNAs might be related to tumor growth during ALV-J infection. We chose to characterize the effects of miR-221 and miR-222 on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis based on previous microarray data. (2) Methods: In vivo, the expression levels of miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly increased in the liver of ALV-J infected chickens (p < 0.01). Over-expression of gga-miR-221 and gga-miR-222 promoted the proliferation, migration, and growth of DF-1 cells, and decreased the expression of BCL-2 modifying factor (BMF) making cells more resistant to apoptosis. (3) Results: Our results suggest that gga-miR-221 and gga-miR-222 may be tumour formation relevant gene in chicken that promote proliferation, migration, and growth of cancer cells, and inhibit apoptosis. BMF expression was significantly reduced in vivo 70 days after ALV-J infection. They may also play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis during ALV-J infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkai Dai
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jun Ji
- China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal Universiy, Nanyang 473000, China.
| | - Yiming Yan
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wencheng Lin
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hongxin Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Weiguo Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yingzuo Bi
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- China-UK-NYNU-RRes Joint laboratory of Insect Biology, Nanyang Normal Universiy, Nanyang 473000, China.
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Health Aquaculture and Environmental Control, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Poultry Disease Control and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Targosz A, Brzozowski T, Pierzchalski P, Szczyrk U, Ptak-Belowska A, Konturek SJ, Pawlik W. Helicobacter pylori promotes apoptosis, activates cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inhibits heat shock protein HSP70 in gastric cancer epithelial cells. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:955-66. [PMID: 22610150 PMCID: PMC3418497 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptosis plays an important role in the regulation of gastric epithelial cell number and gastrointestinal disorders induced by Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in cell integrity, cell growth and in gastric mucosa colonized by Hp. COX-2 was implicated in Hp-induced carcinogenesis but the effects of this germ and CagA cytotoxin on HSP70, COX-2, Bax and Bcl-2 in gastric cancer epithelial cells have been little studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS We determined the expression for HSP70, Bax and Bcl-2 in human gastric epithelial MKN7 cells incubated with live strain Hp (cagA + vacA+) with or without co-incubation with exogenous CagA and NS-398, the selective COX-2 inhibitor. After 3-48 h of incubation, the expression of HSP70, COX-2, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA and proteins were determined by RT-PCR and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Hp inhibited expression for HSP70 and this was significantly potentiated by exogenous CagA. Co-incubation of epithelial cells with Hp, without or with CagA increased Bax expression and simultaneously decreased expression for Bcl-2. The increase in COX-2 mRNA and Bax expression were significantly inhibited by NS-398. We conclude that Hp promotes apoptosis in adenocarcinoma gastric epithelial cells in vitro and this is associated with activation of COX-2 and inhibition of HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Targosz
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Pierzchalski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Urszula Szczyrk
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Jan Konturek
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka Str., 31-531 Cracow, Poland
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Dunn SR, Phillips WS, Spatafora JW, Green DR, Weis VM. Highly conserved caspase and Bcl-2 homologues from the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida: lower metazoans as models for the study of apoptosis evolution. J Mol Evol 2006; 63:95-107. [PMID: 16770683 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-005-0236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 02/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Key insight into the complexities of apoptosis may be gained from the study of its evolution in lower metazoans. In this study we describe two genes from a cnidarian, Aiptasia pallida, that are homologous to key genes in the apoptotic pathway from vertebrates. The first is a novel ancient caspase, acasp, that displays attributes of both initiator and executioner caspases and includes a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). The second, a Bcl-2 family member, abhp, contains a BH1 and BH2 domain and shares structural characteristics and phylogenetic affinity with a group of antiapoptotic Bcl-2s including A1 and Bcl-2L10. The breadth of occurrence of other invertebrate homologues across the phylogenetic trees of both genes suggests that the complexity of apoptotic pathways is an ancient trait that predates the evolution of vertebrates and higher invertebrates such as nematodes and flies. This paves the way for establishing new lower metazoan model systems for the study of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon R Dunn
- Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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