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YOSHIDA R, KITAHARA G, OSAWA T. Intrauterine infusion of povidone-iodine: Its effect on the endometrium and subsequent fertility in postpartum dairy cows. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:926-934. [PMID: 32435006 PMCID: PMC7399329 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the duration of inflammation after intrauterine infusion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (povidone-iodine, PVP-I), determine the effect of PVP-I infusion on the subsequent fertility, and evaluate the histopathology of the endometrium in dairy cows. In Experiment 1, 120 lactating clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows at 5 weeks postpartum (W5) were equally divided into three groups: intrauterine infusion of 2% PVP-I (PVP), saline (SAL), and no treatment (NTX). Endometrial cytology was performed daily from D0 (W5) to D7 to determine the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN%) in 44 of the 120 cows. All cows received timed artificial insemination at D17. In Experiment 2, 25 cows were randomly classified into sacrifice at 24 hr or 48 hr after 2% PVP-I infusion (PVP24 and PVP48), and 24, 48, 72, or 96 hr after SAL infusion (SAL24; SAL48; SAL72; SAL96), or no treatment (NTX). Histopathology was performed on the uterus of each cow. In Experiment 1, PMN% was greater in PVP (P<0.05) than in SAL and NTX, on D1, but decreased to a level similar to that of the other groups by D2. Conception rate was higher (P<0.05) in PVP cows compared to SAL and NTX cows. In Experiment 2, stratified columnar epithelium in the uterus disappeared in PVP24 and SAL24. The epithelium was regenerated in PVP48, SAL72, and SAL96, but not in SAL48. In conclusion, the results of the study suggest that PVP-I induces transient uterine inflammation, promotes regeneration of endometrial epithelial cells and improves fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumika YOSHIDA
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
- Haruna Dairy Cooperatives, Gunma 370-3531, Japan
| | - Go KITAHARA
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Takeshi OSAWA
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Abdalla H, Makau DN, Salem SE. Treatment of cows that fail to respond to pre-synchronization treatments with a CIDR-Ovsynch regimen improves the overall pregnancy percentage after a double Ovsynch treatment regimen. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 216:106356. [PMID: 32414465 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, there was evaluation of pregnancy per AI (P/AI) as a result of the first postpartum AI following four ovulation-synchronization treatments. Treatment regimens were Ovsynch-56 (OVS, n = 875; GnRH1-7d-PGF2α-56h-GnRH2-16h-FTAI), CIDR-OVS (n = 1001; OVS plus CIDR inserts between GnRH1 and PGF2α), Double-Ovsynch (DOVS, n = 663; imposing Pre-OVS followed by breeding-OVS 7 days later), and Modified-DOVS (M-DOVS, n = 1397; imposing Pre-OVS followed either by breeding-OVS or CIDR-OVS based upon the ovarian structure at GnRH1). Cows with a corpus luteum were assigned to a breeding-OVS treatment regimen and those that did not have a corpus luteum were assigned to the CIDR-OVS treatment regimen. Compared with OVS, the P/AI of the cows in the M-DOVS (OR = 1.5, P = 0.001) and CIDR-OVS (OR = 1.4, P = 0.017) was greater at day 30. At day 70, only in the M-DOVS group was there a greater P/AI compared with the OVS group (OR = 1.7, P < 0.001). Pregnancy loss between days 30 and 70 was greater in cows of the CIDR-OVS (OR = 1.9, P = 0.014) compared with those of the OVS group. In cows of the M-DOVS, the dominant ovarian structures (follicle, corpus luteum or cyst) at different time-points of the pre-synchronization period and occurrence of estrus at the end of this period were not associated with P/AI at day 30 post-AI. In conclusion, imposing CIDR-OVS in cows that did not respond to pre-synchronization treatments, resulted in an enhanced pregnancy percentage with the use of the DOVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Abdalla
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Al Sharquiya Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Dennis N Makau
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Shebl E Salem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Al Sharquiya Governorate, Egypt
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Probability of pregnancy and risk factors of the Ovsynch program and its modification in dairy cows – a review. ACTA VET BRNO 2018. [DOI: 10.2754/avb201887030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Ovsynch programme is one of the most frequently used procedures in managing dairy cattle reproduction. There are many studies evaluating the effectiveness of the Ovsynch programme. However, few of them assess the impact of factors that can lead to a decrease in the pregnancy rate and thus, reduce the success of the Ovsynch programme. This review aims to examine the impact of both individual and environmental factors on the likelihood of pregnancy. The risk factors described include: the body condition, age, number and stage of lactation, production level, occurrence of diseases and postpartum complications, functional status of the ovaries, oestrous cycle phase, temperature, season and year, and program start-up after calving. Possible modifications of the Ovsynch programme are presented in order to increase its effectiveness and to determine the best time to start it. Additionally, attention was paid to pregnancy losses during the Ovsynch programme which ultimately decrease pregnancy rates. The impact of this many factors on the efficiency of the Ovsynch suggests the need to adjust the synchronization program each time to the individual situation of the herd.
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Monteiro BM, Souza DCD, Vasconcellos GDSFMD, Carvalho NATD, Baruselli PS. Effect of season on dairy buffalo reproductive performance when using P4/E2/eCG-based fixed-time artificial insemination management. Theriogenology 2018; 119:275-281. [PMID: 30064074 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the reproductive efficiency of dairy buffaloes subjected to TAI protocols based on progesterone, estrogen, and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (P4/E2+eCG) during the fall/winter (n = 168) and spring/summer (n = 183). Buffaloes received an intravaginal P4 device (1.0 g) plus estradiol benzoate (EB; 2.0 mg im) at a random stage of the estrous cycle (D-12). Nine days later (D-3), the P4 device was removed and buffaloes were given PGF2α (0.53 mg im sodium cloprostenol) plus eCG (400 IU im). GnRH (10 μg im buserelin acetate) was administered 48 h after P4 device removal (D-1). All animals were subjected to TAI 16 h after GnRH administration (D0). Frozen-thawed semen from one bull was used for all TAI, which were all performed by the same technician. Ultrasound examinations were performed on D-12 and D-3 to ascertain cyclicity (presence of CL), D-3 and D0 to measure the diameter of the dominant follicle (ØDF), D+10 to verify the ovulation rate and diameter of the corpus luteum (ØCL), and D+30 and D+45 to detect pregnancy rate (P/AI 30d and 45d, respectively) and embryonic mortality (EM). Fetal mortality (FM) was established between 45 days and birth, and pregnancy loss between 30 days and birth. There were significant differences between fall/winter and spring/summer only for cyclicity rate [76.2% (128/168) vs. 42.6% (78/183); P = 0.02]. The others variables did not differ between the seasons: ØDF on D-3 (9.6 ± 0.2 mm vs. 9.8 ± 0.2 mm; P = 0.35); ØDF on D0 (13.1 ± 0.2 mm vs. 13.2 ± 0.2 mm; P = 0.47); ovulation rate [86.9% (146/168) vs. 82.9% (152/182); P = 0.19]; ØCL on D+10 (19.0 ± 0.3 mm vs. 18.4 ± 0.3 mm, P = 0.20); P/AI on D+30 [66.7% (112/168) vs. 62.7% (111/177); P = 0.31]; P/AI on D+45 [64.8%% (107/165) vs. 60.2% (106/176); P = 0.37]; EM [1.8% (2/111) vs. 3.6% (4/110); P = 0.95]; FM [21.9% (18/82) vs. 8.0% (7/87); P = 0.13]; and PL [23.8% (20/84) vs. 12.1% (11/91); P = 0.13]. In conclusion, dairy buffaloes present similar reproductive efficiency in fall/winter and spring/summer when subjected to P4/E2/eCG-based protocol for TAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Moura Monteiro
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Diego Cavalcante de Souza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Rural Development Office, Registro, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ingenhoff L, Hall E, Ranjbar NI S, House JK. Effects of ovarian structures identified at Ovsynch™ enrolment, disease history and lactation variables on odds of pregnancy to a fixed-time artificial insemination after Ovsynch™. Aust Vet J 2017; 95:110-117. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Ingenhoff
- Livestock Veterinary Teaching and Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; Camden New South Wales 2570 Australia
| | - E Hall
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; Camden NSW Australia
| | - S Ranjbar NI
- Livestock Veterinary Teaching and Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; Camden New South Wales 2570 Australia
| | - JK House
- Livestock Veterinary Teaching and Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences; The University of Sydney; Camden New South Wales 2570 Australia
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Gonzalez Moreno C, Fontana C, Cocconcelli P, Callegari M, Otero M. Vaginal microbial communities from synchronized heifers and cows with reproductive disorders. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1232-1241. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Gonzalez Moreno
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; CONICET; El Manantial Argentina
| | - C. Fontana
- Istituto di Microbiologia-Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Piacenza Italy
| | - P.S. Cocconcelli
- Istituto di Microbiologia-Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Piacenza Italy
| | - M.L. Callegari
- Istituto di Microbiologia-Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Piacenza Italy
| | - M.C. Otero
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO); CONICET-UNT; San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
- Instituto de Biología “Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri”; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; UNT; San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
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Mirmahmoudi R, Prakash BS. The endocrine changes, the timing of ovulation and the efficacy of the Doublesynch protocol in the Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 177:153-9. [PMID: 22433942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to investigate (a) the timing of ovulation and the associated endocrine changes (progesterone, estrogen and LH) during estrous cycle and (b) the efficacy, with respect to the pregnancy rate, in cycling and anestrus in Murrah buffaloes subjected to the Doublesynch protocol during the low breeding season. In experiment 1, 10 cycling buffaloes were administered PGF(2α) on day 0 (without regard to the estrous cycle stage), GnRH on day 2, a second PGF(2α) injection on day 9, and a second GnRH injection on day 11. Transrectal palpation was performed at 2-h intervals after the first and second GnRH treatments until ovulation was detected or for upto 96 h. The plasma progesterone and total estrogen concentrations were determined in blood samples collected at daily intervals starting 2 days before the onset of the protocol and continued until the day of the second detected ovulation. The plasma LH and total estrogen concentrations were measured in blood samples collected at 30-min intervals for 8h following the first and second GnRH injections and thereafter at 2-h intervals until 2h after the detection of ovulation. Ovulation occurred in 9/10 buffaloes (90%) at 22.2 ± 1.2 h (mean ± S.E.M.; range 18.0-26.0 h) and 10/10 buffaloes (100%) at 23.2 ± 1.0 h (mean ± S.E.M.; range 20.0-28.0 h) after the first and second GnRH treatments, respectively. The peak LH concentrations of 99.8 ± 28.5 ng/ml (range 37.8-320.0 ng/ml) and 62.3 ± 11.9 ng/ml (range 20.9-143.9 ng/ml) occurred 2.1 ± 0.3 h (range 1.0-3.5 h) and 2.3 ± 0.3 h (range 0.5-3.0 h) after the first and second GnRH treatments, respectively. The total estrogen concentration gradually increased from the day of both the first and second PGF(2α) administrations until the LH peak (with great variability) and then gradually declined to the basal level, which was reached at the time ovulation was detected. In experiment 2, 10 cycling and 11 non-lactating anestrus buffaloes were subjected to the Doublesynch protocol with timed artificial insemination (TAI) 16 and 24 h after the second GnRH treatment, and 55 cycling buffaloes were inseminated after spontaneous estrus was detected (control group). The pregnancy rates were 60% using TAI on cycling buffaloes (experiments 1 and 2), 55% for anestrus buffaloes (experiment 2), and 27.3% for cycling buffaloes inseminated following spontaneous estrus. The overall pregnancy success rates after the Doublesynch protocol in both cycling and anestrus buffaloes increased by 30.8% compared to spontaneous estrus (58.1% vs. 27.3%). In conclusion, the Doublesynch protocol effectively synchronized ovulation twice (after the first and second GnRH treatments) irrespective of the stage of estrous cycle in Murrah buffaloes. The study also demonstrated that the Doublesynch protocol followed by TAI significantly (P<0.005) enhanced the pregnancy rate in cycling and anestrus buffaloes in comparison to untreated controls during the low breeding season.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mirmahmoudi
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132 001, India.
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Oztürk OA, Cirit U, Baran A, Ak K. Is Doublesynch protocol a new alternative for timed artificial insemination in anestrous dairy cows. Theriogenology 2010; 73:568-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Revised: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O A Oztürk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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Murugavel K, Antoine D, Raju M, López-Gatius F. The effect of addition of equine chorionic gonadotropin to a progesterone-based estrous synchronization protocol in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) under tropical conditions. Theriogenology 2009; 71:1120-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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SKARZYNSKI DJ, SIEMIENIUCH MJ, PILAWSKI W, WOCLAWEK POTOCKA I, BAH MM, MAJEWSKA M, JAROSZEWSKI JJ. In Vitro Assessment of Progesterone and Prostaglandin E 2 Production by the Corpus Luteum in Cattle Following Pharmacological Synchronization of Estrus. J Reprod Dev 2009; 55:170-6. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Jan SKARZYNSKI
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Marta Jolanta SIEMIENIUCH
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Wojciech PILAWSKI
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Izabela WOCLAWEK POTOCKA
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Mamadou Moussa BAH
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Magdalena MAJEWSKA
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Jerzy Jan JAROSZEWSKI
- Department of Pathology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
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Cirit Ü, Bacinoglu S, Taş M, Demir K, Baş A, Ak K, İleri İK. Evaluation of short estrus synchronization methods in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 109:65-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Bicalho R, Galvão K, Guard C, Santos J. Optimizing the accuracy of detecting a functional corpus luteum in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2008; 70:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Effect of season on luteal activity during the post partum period of dairy cows in temperate areas. Animal 2008; 2:554-9. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731108001560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Amaya-Montoya C, Matsui M, Kawashima C, Hayashi KG, Matsuda G, Kaneko E, Kida K, Miyamoto A, Miyake YI. Induction of ovulation with GnRH and PGF(2 alpha) at two different stages during the early postpartum period in dairy cows: ovarian response and changes in hormone concentrations. J Reprod Dev 2007; 53:867-75. [PMID: 17510528 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.18163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were 1) to determine whether dairy cows can be induced to ovulate by the treatment with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) followed by prostaglandin F(2 alpha) (PGF(2 alpha)) during the early postpartum period and 2) to describe their ovarian and hormonal responses according to ovarian status. Cows were divided in two groups and received 10 microg of buserelin followed by 500 microg of cloprostenol 7 days apart starting from 21 (GnRH21, n=7) or around 37 days postpartum (GnRH37, n=7). The groups were further classified according to presence (-CL) or absence (-NCL) of functional corpora lutea (CL) on the day of GnRH treatment (d 0): GnRH21-NCL (n=4), GnRH21-CL (n=3) and GnRH37-CL (n=7). Ovarian morphology was monitored and the concentrations of P(4), E(2), FSH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured. All cows ovulated after administration of GnRH. The P(4) levels of the GnRH21-NCL group from d 0 to d 5 were lower than those of the GnRH21-CL (P<0.05) and GnRH37-CL groups (P<0.01). In contrast, the E(2) levels of the GnRH21-NCL group within d 2 to d 6 were higher (P<0.05) than those of the other groups. Compared with the GnRH37-CL group, the GnRH21-NCL group had more small follicles on d 2 (P<0.05), d 3 (P<0.01) and d 4 (P<0.01) and more large follicles on d 5 (P<0.05). The induced CL and new ovulatory follicles were larger in the GnRH21-NCL group compared with the GnRH21-CL (P<0.001 and P<0.01) and GnRH37-CL groups (P<0.001 and P<0.05). IGF-1 did not differ among the groups. The GnRH21-NCL group had higher FSH levels than the GnRH21-CL (P<0.01) and GnRH37-CL groups (P<0.001) on d 0. Low P(4) and high FSH levels may suggest higher gonadotropin support on the enhanced ovarian morphology of the GnRH21-NCL group. PGF(2 alpha) treatment induced CL regression and subsequent ovulation in 3/4 (75%), 3/3 (100%) and 7/7 (100%) cows in the GnRH21-NCL, GnRH21-CL and GnRH37-CL groups, respectively. In conclusion, a 7-day GnRH-PGF(2 alpha) synchronization protocol can effectively induce dairy cows to ovulate as early as 21 days postpartum, regardless of ovarian status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Amaya-Montoya
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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15
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Bicalho RC, Cheong SH, Warnick LD, Guard CL. Evaluation of Progesterone Supplementation in a Prostaglandin F2α-Based Presynchronization Protocol Before Timed Insemination. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:1193-200. [PMID: 17297094 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(07)71606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of treatment with a controlled internal drug-release (CIDR) insert containing progesterone in a PGF2alpha-based presynchronization protocol on pregnancy rates at first service in lactating Holstein cows. A total of 1,318 (656 treatment and 662 control) cows from 5 farms were used in the analysis. Cows received a CIDR insert as part of the presynchronization protocol of 2 PGF2alpha injections given 14 d apart. The CIDR insert was applied during 7 d before the second PGF2alpha injection, whereas control cows received no CIDR insert. Serum progesterone concentrations were measured in samples collected at 37 +/- 3 d in milk (DIM; 7 d after the first PGF2alpha injection) and at 58 +/- 3 DIM, just before initiation of the Ovsynch protocol. According to serum concentrations of progesterone, cows were classified as having either high (> or = 1 ng/mL) or low (< 1 ng/mL) progesterone. The proportion of cows with low progesterone at 37 +/- 3 DIM was similar for cows treated later with the CIDR insert (60.7%; n = 654) and for control cows (59.2%; n = 657). In contrast, use of the CIDR insert resulted in fewer low-progesterone cows (17.4%; n = 402) compared with control cows (30.6%; n = 399) at 58 +/- 3 DIM. No significant effect of the CIDR insert was detected on overall pregnancy rates. Pregnancy rates, as measured by the percentage of cows pregnant at 37 +/- 3 d post timed artificial insemination, for control cows having high or low progesterone at 58 +/- 3 DIM were 46.6 and 22.1%, respectively. For the CIDR group, pregnancy rates were 40.4 and 11.4%, respectively, for high- and low-progesterone cows at 58 +/- 3 DIM. Overall pregnancy rates were 36.4 and 34.5% for control cows and cows receiving the CIDR insert, respectively. A significant decreasing trend was observed in the proportion of cows having low progesterone as the body condition score increased, at 37 +/- 3 and 58 +/- 3 DIM. A significant increasing trend in the pregnancy rate was observed as body condition score increased. In conclusion, incorporation of CIDR inserts into a presynchronization protocol reduced the proportion of cows having low progesterone; however, the pregnancy rate did not differ between control cows and those receiving the CIDR insert. Earlier expression of estrus after the second PGF2alpha injection, and consequently improper timing of initiation of the Ovsynch protocol, could have negatively affected fertility in the CIDR-treated cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Bicalho
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401, USA.
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Shephard RW. A comparison of performance of the Ovsynch treatment program between cycling and non-cycling cows within seasonally-calving dairy herds. Aust Vet J 2005; 83:751-7. [PMID: 16395941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2005.tb11588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare performance of the Ovsynch program on reproductive performance between cycling and non cycling cows in seasonally-calving herds. PROCEDURE An Ovsynch mating program (100 mg Gonadorelin on day 1 and day 9, 500 mg of Cloprostenol on day 7 with fixed time artificial insemination on day 10) was administered to 3,559 cows from 14 herds in Australia and New Zealand. Cycling status before planned start of mating was determined. All cows were treated and artificial insemination continued for at least 25 days after fixed time artificial insemination. Pregnancy testing was performed 75 to 100 days after fixed time artificial insemination. Multivariable modelling examined the impact of the Ovsynch program and other risk factors upon reproductive performance. RESULTS Thirty percent of cows were classified as no visible oestrous (NVO). Odds of being NVO increased significantly for cows that were young, recently calved, and in low body condition. The fixed time artificial insemination conception rate was 35.7% and 33.2%, 21-day pregnancy rate was 54.5% and 48.4% and 42-day pregnancy rate was 69.7% and 62.6% for cycling and NVO cows respectively. Odds of pregnancy increased significantly for cows calved more than 40 days by planned start of mating, in greater body condition, and cycling, and there was a significant interaction between body condition and cycling status in both models. The return-to-service rates by 24-days were 67.6% and 55.9% and by the end of the AI period were 86.9% and 81.5% for cycling and NVO cows respectively. Odds of return to service increased significantly for cows in greater condition score in both models. Odds of return were increased for cycling cows in the 24-day multivariable model. CONCLUSION The Ovsynch program may provide a useful treatment option for NVO cows within seasonally-calving pasture-based dairy herds.
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Yániz JL, Murugavel K, López-Gatius F. Recent Developments in Oestrous Synchronization of Postpartum Dairy Cows with and without Ovarian Disorders. Reprod Domest Anim 2004; 39:86-93. [PMID: 15065989 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2004.00483.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This report reviews the most recent developments in prostaglandin-based oestrous synchronization programmes for postpartum dairy cows and addresses the efficiency of controlled breeding protocols based on such developments for cows with abnormal ovarian conditions. A double prostaglandin protocol applied 11-14 days apart seems to be capable of bringing most cows to oestrus. Because of varying oestrus onset times, improved conception rates are obtained following artificial insemination (AI) at detected oestrus rather than fixed-time AI in prostaglandin-treated cows. The administration of oestradiol or human chorionic gonadotrophin, or both these hormones, after prostaglandin treatment, improves the synchrony of oestrus yet does not enhance the conception rate. Progesterone-based treatments for oestrous synchronization are considered the most appropriate for non-cyclic or anoestrous postpartum dairy cows; prostaglandin alone being ineffective because of the absence of a mature corpus luteum in these cows. Improved oestrus synchrony and fertility rate have been reported using short-term progesterone treatment regimes (7-9 days) with or without oestradiol benzoate combined with the use of a luteolytic agent given 1 day before, or at the time of, progesterone withdrawal. The ovulation synchronization (Ovsynch) protocol, based on the use of gonadotrophin releasing hormone and prostaglandin, was developed to coordinate follicular recruitment, CL regression and the time of ovulation. This protocol allows fixed time insemination and has proved effective in improving reproductive management in postpartum dairy cows. However, timed AI following Ovsynch seems to have no beneficial effects in heifers, because of an inconsistent follicle wave pattern, and in anoestrous cows, given their lack of prostaglandin responsive CL. To date, there are several prostaglandin based, fixed-time insemination oestrous synchronization protocols for use in early postpartum dairy cows with ovarian disorders such as ovarian cysts and acyclicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Yániz
- Department of Animal Production, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain.
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