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Campos LB, Silva AM, Praxedes ÉCG, Bezerra LGP, Freitas JLS, Melo LM, Pereira AF, Figueiredo JR, Silva AR. Effect of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) on in vitro development of collared peccary preantral follicles in ovarian tissues. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 226:106717. [PMID: 33579546 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aims were to identify the effects of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) on the in vitro development of ovarian preantral follicles (PAFs) of collared peccaries. Ovarian fragments were in vitro cultured for 1 or 7 days without or with inclusion of GDF-9 in the medium (0, 50, 100, or 200 ng/mL). The non-cultured (control) and cultured fragments were evaluated for PAF viability, activation, and cell proliferation. Although there were no differences in the percentage of morphologically normal follicles, the percentage of growing follicles was greater compared to the control in all treatment groups, especially those cultured with 200 ng/mL GDF-9 for 7 days (P < 0.05). The inclusion of GDF-9 in the medium did not interfere with PAF viability (P> 0.05); however, treatment with 200 ng/mL GDF-9 resulted in greater (P < 0.05) cell proliferation in PAFs cultured for 1 or 7 days (∼2.5 nucleolar organizing regions - NORs) compared to the follicles of the control group (2.0 NORs). In addition, peccary ovarian cortexes were subjected to PCR analysis and there was detection of the mRNA GDF-9 receptor transcripts of the BMPR2 (type I receptor) and ALK-5 (type II receptor) types. In conclusion, GDF-9, especially at a 200 ng/mL inclusion in the culture medium, was actively involved in the in vitro development of collared peccary PAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia B Campos
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Andreia M Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Érica C G Praxedes
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Luana G P Bezerra
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Jeferson L S Freitas
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Melo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra F Pereira
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - José R Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes Enclosed in Preantral Follicles, State University of Ceará, CE, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil.
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Is the pre-antral ovarian follicle the 'holy grail'for female fertility preservation? Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 207:119-130. [PMID: 31208845 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fertility preservation is not only a concern for humans with compromised fertility after cancer treatment. The preservation of genetic material from endangered animal species or animals with important genetic traits will also greatly benefit from the development of alternative fertility preservation strategies. In humans, embryo cryopreservation and mature-oocyte cryopreservation are currently the only approved methods for fertility preservation. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is specifically indicated for prepubertal girls and women whose cancer treatment cannot be postponed. The cryopreservation of pre-antral follicles (PAFs) is a safer alternative for cancer patients who are at risk of the reintroduction of malignant cells. As PAFs account for the vast majority of follicles in the ovarian cortex, they represent an untapped potential, which could be cultivated for reproduction, preservation, or research purposes. Vitrification is being used more and more as it seems to yield better results compared to slow freezing, although protocols still need to be optimized for each specific cell type and species. Several methods can be used to assess follicle quality, ranging from simple viability stains to more complex xenografting procedures. In vitro development of PAFs to the pre-ovulatory stage has not yet been achieved in humans and larger animals. However, in vitro culture systems for PAFs are under development and are expected to become available in the near future. This review will focus on recent developments in (human) fertility preservation strategies, which are often accomplished by the use of in vitro animal models due to ethical considerations and the scarcity of human research material.
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Lee J, Kim EJ, Kong HS, Youm HW, Kim SK, Lee JR, Suh CS, Kim SH. Establishment of an improved vitrification protocol by combinations of vitrification medium for isolated mouse ovarian follicles. Theriogenology 2018; 121:97-103. [PMID: 30144737 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In vitro follicle growth (IVFG) is an emerging alternative option for fertility preservation in women instead of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation. To widen the application of this technique, follicle cryopreservation should be established prior to clinical use. In the present study, we tried to determine the optimal vitrification protocol of mouse ovarian follicle for in vitro culture and oocyte maturation by comparing four different compositions of cryoprotective agents (CPA). Secondary follicles were mechanically isolated from 2-week-old BDF-1 mice and randomly assigned to fresh control and four different groups by the composition of CPAs (ES, EDS, EFS and EPS groups; E: ethylene glycol, D: dimethyl sulfoxide, S: sucrose, F: ficoll, P: 1,2-propanediol (PROH)). After vitrification and warming procedures, the follicles were cultured in vitro for 10 days and then treated with human chorionic gonadotropin and epidermal growth factor to induce oocyte maturation. Fourteen to 16 h later, oocyte maturation and quality were assessed. Follicle viability was evaluated by Calcein-AM/ethidium homodimer-1 staining immediately after warming, and their survival and diameters were measured during follicle culture periods. Antral cavity formation was observed at the end of the culture period (on the 10th day of culture). Following oocyte maturation, its maturational ability and meiotic spindle formation were assessed to evaluate their competence. There was no significant difference in viability after warming among the vitrification groups. From the 8th day of culture, the survival rate of ES and EDS were significantly higher than those of other vitrification groups (EPS and EFS). The follicle diameter was largest in the fresh-control group from the 6th day, while smallest in the EFS with statistical significance. On the 10th day of culture, the antral-cavity formation rate of EDS was comparable to that of the fresh control group. However, the oocyte maturation was significantly decreased in all four vitrification groups when compared with control group; especially, the EFS showed a more marked reduction in the oocyte maturation. There were no significant differences in meiotic spindle formation among all of those groups. Our results suggest that EDS combination for mouse follicle vitrification are the most effective vitrification protocols for mouse follicle and evaluated by an in vitro culture and oocyte maturation after warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Youm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seul Ki Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Ryeol Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Chang Suk Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Devi L, Goel S. Fertility preservation through gonadal cryopreservation. Reprod Med Biol 2016; 15:235-251. [PMID: 29259441 PMCID: PMC5715865 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-016-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertility preservation is an area of immense interest in today's society. The most effective and established means of fertility preservation is cryopreservation of gametes (sperm and oocytes) and embryos. Gonadal cryopreservation is yet another means for fertility preservation, especially if the gonadal function is threatened by premature menopause, gonadotoxic cancer treatment, surgical castration, or diseases. It can also aid in the preservation of germplasm of animals that die before attaining sexual maturity. This is especially of significance for valuable, rare, and endangered animals whose population is affected by high neonatal/juvenile mortality because of diseases, poor management practices, or inbreeding depression. Establishing genome resource banks to conserve the genetic status of wild animals will provide a critical interface between ex-situ and in-situ conservation strategies. Cryopreservation of gonads effectively lengthens the genetic lifespan of individuals in a breeding program even after their death and contributes towards germplasm conservation of prized animals. Although the studies on domestic animals are quite promising, there are limitations for developing cryopreservation strategies in wild animals. In this review, we discuss different options for gonadal tissue cryopreservation with respect to humans and to laboratory, domestic, and wild animals. This review also covers recent developments in gonadal tissue cryopreservation and transplantation, providing a systematic view and the advances in the field with the possibility for its application in fertility preservation and for the conservation of germplasm in domestic and wild species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Devi
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, Centre for Cellular and Molecular BiologyCouncil for Scientific and Industrial ResearchUppal Road500 007HyderabadIndia
| | - Sandeep Goel
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, Centre for Cellular and Molecular BiologyCouncil for Scientific and Industrial ResearchUppal Road500 007HyderabadIndia
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Langbeen A, De porte HF, Bartholomeus E, Leroy JL, Bols PE. Bovine in vitro reproduction models can contribute to the development of (female) fertility preservation strategies. Theriogenology 2015; 84:477-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Langbeen A, Jorssen EPA, Granata N, Fransen E, Leroy JLMR, Bols PEJ. Effects of neutral red assisted viability assessment on the cryotolerance of isolated bovine preantral follicles. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1727-36. [PMID: 25273277 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fertility preservation strategies warrant non-invasive viability assessment of preantral follicles (PAF) such as staining with Neutral Red (NR) that is incorporated by viable follicles. To optimize the procedure, we firstly determined the lowest concentration and shortest exposure time needed for optimal viability screening of isolated bovine PAF. Secondly, we combined this protocol to a vitrification procedure to assess cryotolerance of the stained follicles. METHODS Isolated PAF (900, divided over 6 replicates) were cultured in DMEM/Ham's F12 (Culture Medium - Cm) for 4 days (38.5 °C, 5% CO2). On D0, D2 and D4, follicles were stained, by adding NR medium (NRm = Cm with different concentrations NR) after which viability was assessed by counting stained/non-stained PAF every 30 min for a period of 2 h. RESULTS Following a binary logistic regression analysis with staining as a result (yes/no) versus log-concentration, a probability model could be fitted, indicating that the proportion of stained follicles remained stable after 30 min when 15 μg/ml NR was used, without compromising follicular health and viability. Consequently, using this protocol, no significant effect of staining prior to vitrification, was found on PAF viability immediately after warming or following 4 days of culture. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we propose NR staining as a non-invasive, non-detrimental viability assessment tool for PAF, when applied at 15 μg/ml for 30 min, being perfectly compatible with PAF vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Langbeen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Gebouw U, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium,
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Camboni A, Van Langendonckt A, Donnez J, Vanacker J, Dolmans M, Amorim C. Alginate beads as a tool to handle, cryopreserve and culture isolated human primordial/primary follicles. Cryobiology 2013; 67:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Should we isolate human preantral follicles before or after cryopreservation of ovarian tissue? Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1363-1368.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bian J, Li T, Ding C, Xin W, Zhu B, Zhou C. Vitreous cryopreservation of human preantral follicles encapsulated in alginate beads with mini mesh cups. J Reprod Dev 2013; 59:288-95. [PMID: 23485957 PMCID: PMC3934133 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2012-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To completely avoid ice crystal formation and thus get a higher survival rate,
vitrification methods have been commonly used for cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos.
However, currently used vitrification methods for oocytes and embryos are not suitable for
the cryopreservation of preantral follicles (PFs). In the present study, stainless steel
mesh was fabricated into mini mesh cups to vitrify isolated PFs. Moreover, isolated
follicles were encapsulated and then subjected to vitreous cryopreservation to facilitate
in vitro culture/maturation of follicles after warming. The results
showed that the percentages of viable follicles did not differ significantly between the
vitrification group and fresh group soon after warming (81.25% vs.
85.29%, P>0.05) and after a 7-day culture period (77.78% vs. 83.33%,
P>0.05). No difference in mean follicular diameter was observed between cryopreserved
and fresh follicles when cultured in vitro. Transmission electron
microscopic analysis revealed that vitreous cryopreservation could maintain the
ultrastructure of follicles in alginate beads. In conclusion, the present vitrification
method could efficiently cryopreserve isolated human ovarian follicles encapsulated by
calcium alginate, which could be put into immediate use (in vitro
culture/ maturation) after warming. However, more follicles and some detailed biochemical
analyses are required to further investigate the effects of vitrification on the long-term
growth of human encapsulated PFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Bian
- Reproductive Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
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Lunardi FO, Araújo VR, Faustino LR, Carvalho ADA, Gonçalves RFB, Bass CS, Báo SN, Name KPO, Campello CC, de Figueiredo JR, Rodrigues APR. Morphologic, viability and ultrastructural analysis of vitrified sheep preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue: An emerging technology for female germline preservation of endangered species and breeds. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 122:151-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Camboni A, Martinez-Madrid B, Dolmans MM, Amorim CA, Nottola SA, Donnez J, Van Langendonckt A. Preservation of fertility in young cancer patients: contribution of transmission electron microscopy. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 17:136-50. [PMID: 18616902 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, new technologies in reproductive medicine have emerged to preserve the fertility of women whose gonadal function is threatened by premature menopause or gonadotoxic treatments. To offer an individualized approach to these patients, different experimental procedures are under investigation, including oocyte cryopreservation and cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue in the form of cortical fragments, whole ovary or isolated follicles. This review shows that transmission electron microscopy (TEM), combined with other in-vivo and in-vitro analysis techniques, is a valuable tool in the establishment of new experimental protocols to preserve female fertility. Ultrastructural studies allow in-depth evaluation of the oocyte's unique morpho-functional characteristics, which explain its low cryotolerance, and provide essential information on follicular, stromal and endothelial cell integrity, as well as cellular interactions crucial for normal folliculogenesis. In order to be able to offer appropriate and efficient options in every clinical situation, oocyte in-vitro maturation and ovarian tissue transplantation need to be optimized. Further development of new approaches, such as follicular isolation and whole ovary transplantation, should be encouraged. Fine ultrastructural details highlighted by TEM studies will be useful for the further optimization of these emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Camboni
- Department of Gynecology, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Santos RR, van den Hurk R, Rodrigues APR, Costa SHF, Martins FS, Matos MHT, Celestino JJH, Figueiredo JR. Effect of cryopreservation on viability, activation and growth of in situ and isolated ovine early-stage follicles. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 99:53-64. [PMID: 16787716 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Revised: 05/06/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Isolated or cortical tissue-enclosed (in situ) sheep early-stage follicles were exposed to 1.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG) or unexposed, or frozen/thawed in the presence of these cryoprotectants and then cultured for 5 days in enriched minimal essential medium (MEM) or not cultured. Cultured and uncultured follicles were classified as non-viable/viable when they were stained/not stained with trypan blue, respectively. Follicular diameter was measured and the percentages of primordial and developing follicles calculated. Exposure of isolated or in situ follicles to DMSO or EG led to a marked decrease in the percentage of viable follicles. The percentage of viable isolated and in situ follicles further decreased when they were in vitro-cultured for 5 days, EG-exposed follicles generally showing a more damaging effect than DMSO-exposed follicles. Cultured follicles, both isolated and in situ, which were exposed to EG and DMSO, as well as in situ follicles, which had been frozen/thawed in the presence of one of these cryoprotectants, showed similar growth rates as cultured, untreated follicles, while in these groups significantly lower percentages of primordial follicles and higher percentages of more advanced follicular stages were observed. Among the treated groups, the highest percentage (71-75%) of developing follicles was observed after culturing cryoprotectant-exposed isolated follicles. In contrast, when cryopreserved, isolated follicles were cultured, they did not increase in diameter and did not develop into more advanced stages. In conclusion, exposure to or cryopreservation in the presence of EG and DMSO, as well as their further in vitro culture, negatively affected the viability of ovine isolated and in situ early-stage follicles. In vitro growth of early-stage follicles and activation of primordial follicles were better maintained when follicles had been frozen/thawed and cultured in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regiane R Santos
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes Enclosed in Preantral Follicles (LAMOFOPA), Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Amorim CA, Rondina D, Lucci CM, Giorgetti A, de Figueiredo JR, Gonçalves PBD. Cryopreservation of Sheep Primordial Follicles. Reprod Domest Anim 2007; 42:53-7. [PMID: 17214774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of 1 M dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PROH) and glycerol (GLY) to cryopreserve primordial follicles. The first evaluation was performed soon after cryopreservation and the second evaluation after 4 days of in vitro culture, using the cryoprotectants that allowed the higher results (higher follicular survival rate) after cryopreservation. The results after follicular isolation (control) and cryopreservation using 1 M DMSO, EG, PROH and GLY showed that the mean number (+/- SEM) of live follicles per millilitre was 3204 (100%) +/- 319.27, 2798 (87%) +/- 239.14, 2492 (78%) +/- 345.8, 448 (14%) +/- 46.3 and 208 (7%) +/- 75.26, respectively. Higher follicular survival was reported when DMSO and EG were used. Control follicles and follicles cryopreserved with these two cryoprotectants were cultured and the percentage of follicular survival was 55% (control), 42% (EG) and 34% (DMSO). Similar results were found between control and follicles cryopreserved with EG. In conclusion, 1 M EG is the most effective cryoprotectant to preserve primordial follicles isolated from ovaries of sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Amorim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Santos RR, Tharasanit T, Van Haeften T, Figueiredo JR, Silva JRV, Van den Hurk R. Vitrification of goat preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue by using conventional and solid-surface vitrification methods. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 327:167-76. [PMID: 16937112 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-006-0240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Caprine preantral follicles within ovarian fragments were exposed to or vitrified in the presence of sucrose, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (EG), or various combinations thereof. The fragments were cryopreserved by using either a conventional (CV) or a solid-surface vitrification (SSV) protocol, and the cryoprotectants were removed by equilibrating vitrified ovarian fragments in "warming solution" consisting of minimum essential medium and heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (MEM(+)) followed by washes in MEM(+) with or without sucrose. Histological analysis of follicle integrity showed that the percentages of normal follicles in ovarian fragments vitrified in sucrose mixed with EG and/or DMSO (CV method) or mixed with EG or DMSO (SSV method) followed by washes in MEM(+) plus sucrose were similar to those of controls (ovarian fragments fixed without previous vitrification). Unlike for MEM(+) (supplemented or unsupplemented by sucrose) and DMSO followed by washes in the absence of sucrose, the percentages of normal follicles found after exposure to cryoprotectant did not significantly differ from that found after vitrification, indicating that follicular degeneration was attributable to a toxic effect of cryoprotectants and not to the vitrification procedure. The viability of preantral follicles after the CV and SSV procedures was investigated by using calcein-AM and the ethidium-homodimer as "live" and "dead" markers, respectively. In both tested vitrification procedures, the highest percentages of viable follicles were observed when a mixture of sucrose and EG (70.3% for CV and 72.4% for SSV) was used. Preantral follicles were also vitrified (either by CV or SSV) in sucrose and EG and then cultured for 24 h, after which their viability was compared with that of cultured fresh and uncultured vitrified follicles. The viability of these follicles was maintained after SSV, but not after CV. Thus, the viability of caprine preantral follicles can be best preserved after SSV in a mixture of sucrose and EG, followed by washes in medium containing sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Santos
- Departmant of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Santos RR, Tharasanit T, Figueiredo JR, van Haeften T, van den Hurk R. Preservation of caprine preantral follicle viability after cryopreservation in sucrose and ethylene glycol. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 325:523-31. [PMID: 16645860 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-006-0193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Caprine preantral follicles within ovarian fragments were cryopreserved in the absence or presence of 0.5 M sucrose with or without 1 M dimethyl sulfoxide and/or 1 M ethylene glycol (EG). After being thawed, they were washed in minimum essential medium with or without 0.3 M sucrose. Histological analysis of follicle integrity immediately after cryopreservation showed consistent beneficial effects of including sucrose in the three cryoprotectant solutions analyzed when tissue was thawed without sucrose (53.9+/-14.8-82.4+/-3.2% normal vs 27.6+/-1.6-36.6+/-6.5%, P<0.05). However, in further studies, the addition of sucrose to the thaw solutions proved detrimental or of no benefit. An analysis of the cryopreserved material with calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer (markers for living and dead cells, respectively) gave comparable results to those obtained by histology. Follicles cryopreserved in EG, EG plus sucrose, or sucrose alone were cultured in vitro for 24 h following warming. During this culture period, viability fell most rapidly in material cryopreserved in sucrose alone and was no longer correlated with either the viability or integrity estimates made immediately after warming. By contrast, the viability of follicles cryopreserved in EG with sucrose and then cultured for 24 h was not significantly different from the cultured non-frozen controls. These results indicate that cryopreservation in 1 M EG plus 0.5 M sucrose combined with thawing without sucrose is effective for caprine ovarian tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Santos
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Santos RR, Rodrigues APR, Costa SHF, Silva JRV, Matos MHT, Lucci CM, Báo SN, van den Hurk R, Figueiredo JR. Histological and ultrastructural analysis of cryopreserved sheep preantral follicles. Anim Reprod Sci 2005; 91:249-63. [PMID: 15985344 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2004] [Revised: 03/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the histological and ultrastructural characteristics of sheep preantral follicles after exposure of ovarian tissue to cryopreservation in glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), propanediol (PROH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in order to determine the optimum method to store sheep ovarian tissue for later experimental or clinical use. Each ovarian pair from five mixed-breed ewes was divided into 17 fragments. One (control) fragment was immediately fixed for routine histological and ultrastructural studies and the remaining (test) fragments were randomly distributed in cryotubes, equilibrated at 20 degrees C/20 min in 1.8 mL of minimal essential medium (MEM) containing 1.5 or 3 M GLY, EG, PROH or DMSO and then either fixed for morphological studies to determine their possible toxic effect or frozen/thawed and then fixed to test the effect of cryopreservation on preantral follicles. Histological analysis showed that, compared to control fragments, all cryoprotectants at both concentrations significantly reduced the percentage of normal preantral follicles in ovarian fragments prior to or after cryopreservation. PROH 3.0 M appeared to exert a more toxic effect (P<0.05) than the other cryoprotectants in noncryopreserved tissues. After freezing/thawing, the highest (P<0.05) percentages of lightmicroscopical normal preantral follicles were observed in ovarian fragments cryopreserved in EG (1.5 and 3 M) or DMSO (1.5 M). However, transmission electronic microscopical (TEM) examination showed that only the DMSO-cryopreserved preantral follicles had normal ultrastructure. The data suggest that sheep preantral follicles should be cryopreserved with 1.5 M DMSO for later clinical or experimental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regiane R Santos
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes Enclosed in Preantral Follicles--LAMOFOPA, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Martinez-Madrid B, Dolmans MM, Langendonckt AV, Defrère S, Van Eyck AS, Donnez J. Ficoll density gradient method for recovery of isolated human ovarian primordial follicles. Fertil Steril 2004; 82:1648-53. [PMID: 15589872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2003] [Revised: 05/03/2004] [Accepted: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a simple and efficient technique to allow rapid recovery of a maximum number of good quality isolated follicles. DESIGN Prospective experimental study. SETTING Academic research unit of the department of gynecology in a university hospital. PATIENT(S) Biopsies were obtained from five women (between 26 and 31 years of age). INTERVENTION(S) Biopsies were cut with a tissue sectioner. Enzymatic digestion was performed in a collagenase solution for 90 min at 37 degrees C. The follicles were recovered using a discontinuous Ficoll density gradient method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The number of follicles present in the interface layers of Ficoll gradient was quantified. Follicular viability of these recovered follicles was assessed with live-dead stains, using calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-I. RESULT(S) Out of a total of 6,811 recovered follicles, we found 63% (n = 4,201) at the medium-1.06 Ficoll interface and 36.9% (n = 2,590) at the 1.06-1.09 Ficoll interface, which represents 99.9% of total recovered follicles. Analysis by vital fluorescent staining showed that 95.8% of the follicles treated with Ficoll were totally viable. CONCLUSION(S) The Ficoll density gradient method allows us to maximize the recovery of isolated human ovarian follicles and minimize the manipulation time while maintaining high follicular viability.
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Amorim CA, Rondina D, Rodrigues APR, Gonçalves PBD, de Figueiredo JR, Giorgetti A. Cryopreservation of isolated ovine primordial follicles with propylene glycol and glycerol. Fertil Steril 2004; 81 Suppl 1:735-40. [PMID: 15019803 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2002] [Revised: 07/11/2003] [Accepted: 07/11/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the viability of isolated primordial follicles to different propylene glycol (PROH) and glycerol (GLY) concentrations before and after cryopreservation. DESIGN Isolated primordial follicles were stained with trypan blue to evaluate the effect of different PROH and GLY concentrations before and after cryopreservation. SETTING Laboratorio Renzo Giuliani, University of Florence, Italy. PATIENT(S) Thirty- to forty-day-old lambs. INTERVENTION(S) : Isolation of primordial follicles with subsequent exposure to cryoprotectant and freezing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Histologic structure and follicular mortality. RESULT(S) After the isolation procedure (control), the mean number of live primordial follicles/mL was 2,688 and 4,452 in the GLY and PROH groups, respectively. When GLY was used, the number of live follicles before cryopreservation was 820, 756, 640, 524, 564, and 460 follicles/mL with concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mol/L, respectively. After cryopreservation, this number decreased to 0, 12, 36, 100, 84, and 68 follicles/mL, respectively, with the same concentrations. When PROH was used, the number of live follicles before cryopreservation was 4,216, 3,880, 3,560, 1,812, 704, and 568 follicles/mL with concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mol/L, respectively. After cryopreservation, this number decreased to 0, 116, 336, 472, 360, and 244 follicles/mL, respectively, with the same concentrations. CONCLUSION(S) Both cryoprotectants were shown to preserve isolated primordial follicles after cryopreservation.
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Cecconi S, Capacchietti G, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Mattioli M, Barboni B. In vitro growth of preantral follicles isolated from cryopreserved ovine ovarian tissue. Biol Reprod 2004; 70:12-7. [PMID: 12954736 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.016774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we compared the in vitro development of sheep preantral follicles obtained from unfrozen or frozen ovarian cortex. After thawing, follicles stored by a slow-freezing protocol with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or ethylene glycol (EG) were mechanically isolated and cultured for 10 days. After 1 day, approximately 50% and 34% of the DMSO and EG follicles, respectively, showed overt signs of degeneration, as confirmed by histological analysis. Follicles that survived thawing grew and formed antral-like cavities, without significant differences among experimental groups. However, the percentages of healthy oocyte-cumulus cell complexes (OCCs) retrieved from in vitro-grown follicles, as well as estradiol, were lower in DMSO than in EG or unfrozen follicles. Although cryopreservation did not cause appreciable differences in follicle morphological aspects, frozen OCCs showed lower metabolic cooperativity levels, as determined by [3H]uridine uptake. During culture, oocytes increased in diameter, but the percentage of germinal vesicle stage-arrested oocytes showing a rimmed chromatin configuration was significantly lower in the frozen groups. Our results indicate that cryopreserved sheep preantral follicles underwent growth in vitro but that freezing/thawing specifically affected gap junctional permeability and impaired the progression of regulative processes, such as the acquisition of a specific oocyte chromatin configuration. Moreover, because the cryoprotectant toxicity test excluded the occurrence of direct cellular damage, this method allowed us to discriminate the effects exerted by different cryoprotectants during the cryopreservation procedure on whole-follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cecconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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