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Eberhardt M, Prochowska S, Duszewska AM, Van Soom A, Olech W, Niżański W. The influence of Percoll® density gradient centrifugation before cryopreservation on the quality of frozen wisent (Bison bonasus) epididymal spermatozoa. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:305. [PMID: 35945588 PMCID: PMC9364487 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The wisent (Bison bonasus) is a species that has undergone a population bottleneck. Homozygosity is prevalent within the population and may have a negative impact on semen quality in wisent bulls. Semen samples containing a large amount of functionally and morphologically impaired or dead spermatozoa have lower tolerance for cryopreservation process. Such samples are prone to involve damage acrosomes, to produce and release reactive oxygen which negatively affects proper function of spermatozoas. It is a good practice to select intact and viable gametes before subjecting the sample to cryopreservation to improve the efficiency of this process. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of Percoll® density gradient centrifugation in order to improve the quality of wisent spermatozoa after cryopreservation. Spermatozoa samples were analysed with computer-assisted semen analysis system and flow cytometry. Results Percoll® density gradient centrifugation resulted in increased percentage of motile spermatozoa, higher proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology and proper functionality but also in a significant reduction of the total number of gametes. Nevertheless, the concentration of frozen spermatoza was still sufficient for obtaining a few complete insemination doses suggested for cattle from each epididymis. Conclusions While creating a high-quality genetic reserve, for in vitro fertilisation purposes, eliminating detritus and improving the overall quality of samples is more important than total number of spermatozoa. For these reasons, the achievement of higher post thaw quality of spermatozoa justifies the purification of samples by centrifugation in a Percoll® density gradient prior to the cryopreservation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eberhardt
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sylwia Prochowska
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna M Duszewska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 St, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Wanda Olech
- Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Plac Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366, Wrocław, Poland.
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Galarza, Jara D, Paredes E, Samaniego J, Méndez M, Soria M, Perea F, Muñoz-León E, Santiago-Moreno J. BoviPure® Density-gradient Centrifugation Procedure Enhances the Quality of Fresh and Cryopreserved Dog Epididymal Spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 242:107003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Bergstein-Galan T, Weiss R, Barbosa T, Kozicki L, Bicudo S. Viability of ovine spermatozoa collected from epididymides stored at 18°-25°C for 48 hours post mortem. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to verify the time during which viable ovine spermatozoa could be recovered from the cauda epididymis kept at ambient temperature (18-25°C). Sperm collected in an artificial vagina (AV) were used as control. Spermatozoa samples were collected with an AV and from epididymis at 0 (G0), 6 (G6), 12 (G12), 24 (G24), and 48 (G48) hours post mortem. Total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), hypo-osmotic membrane integrity test (HOST) and morphological changes were assessed. TM decreased (P<0.05) from 24 hours post mortem (70.0±1.9%) compared to AV (86.4±1.0%). PM decreased (P<0.05) from 12 hours after death (31.3±4.0%) compared to AV group (73.2±1.4%). The percentage of viable cells in HOST decreased (P<0.05) in the G48 (60.0±8.9%). Spermatozoa recovery was lower (P<0.05) 48 hours after death (2064.2±230.7 x 106 spermatozoa) compared to G0(2623.6±288.4 x 106 spermatozoa). In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, it would be possible to use epididymal spermatozoa recovered up to 24 hours after death for artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization; however, fertility trials are necessary to prove this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L.E. Kozicki
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Brazil
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4
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Kolster KA. Evaluation of Canine Sperm and Management of Semen Disorders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2018; 48:533-545. [PMID: 29678334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Semen evaluation of the male dog is a critical step in any canine infertility work-up. Assessment of total sperm count, sperm viability, and sperm morphology are the mainstay of breeding soundness evaluation. Adjunct tests, such as ultrasonography and serum hormone levels, can aid in diagnosis. Pharmacologic treatments, dietary supplements, and management practices may help improve breeding success in subfertile dogs. This article discusses a clinically practical approach to assessing sperm abnormalities and fertility in male dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara A Kolster
- Springfield Veterinary Center, 4416 Springfield Road, Glen Allen, VA 23060, USA.
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Bergstein T, Bicudo L, Rodello L, Weiss R, Bicudo S. Kinematic and spermatic recovery after selection by centrifugation in colloid solutions of ovine cryopreserved semen. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Frozen and thawed ovine semen undergo morphological and functional changes that prevent or decrease the efficiency of fertilization. Sperm selection methods seek to improve the quality and viability of the fertilizing materials. Four sperm selection methods were employed, using two silica colloidal solutions coated with silane (silica colloidal-silane) or by polyvinylpyrrolidone (silica colloidal-PVP), and varying the volume of colloidal solution. Sperm kinematic and sperm recovery were evaluated by means of CASA. The protocols using silica colloidal-silane showed higher total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM) and percentage of rapid sperm (%RAP) compared to the methods employing silica colloidal-PVP and to the samples prior to sperm selection. The silica colloidal-PVP had greater sperm recovery compared to the silica colloidal-silane. Only the method using 4mL of silica colloidal-PVP was not efficient in selecting samples with better quality compared to the samples analyzed prior to sperm selection. The methods using lower volumes of colloidal solution did not differ from those using higher volumes and the best results were shown by the method with 1mL silica colloidal-silane. The results found in the study indicated greater efficiency of the silica colloidal-silane solution for sperm selection of thawed ovine semen when compared to selection using silica colloidal-PVP. The method using 1mL of silica colloidal-silane was equally efficient to the method with higher volume, presenting itself as an alternative to process samples with lower sperm concentration.
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Luvoni GC, Morselli MG. Canine epididymal spermatozoa: A hidden treasure with great potential. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:197-201. [PMID: 27757988 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The hidden treasure represented by epididymal spermatozoa has great potential in the current reproductive technologies in dogs. In case of azoospermia or when a donor male accidentally dies or undergoes orchiectomy, the retrieval of epididymal spermatozoa opens new possibilities to generate progeny. Spermatozoa can be collected by different techniques from ex vivo or in vivo testicles and can be cryopreserved for a future use. Freeze tolerance of canine epididymal spermatozoa seems lower than that of ejaculated spermatozoa; however, puppies were born after artificial insemination with frozen epididymal semen, other than with fresh and chilled. Even though several aspects need to be further investigated, advances have been recently made in the use of epididymal spermatozoa in assisted reproduction in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Milan, Italy
| | - M G Morselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare, Milan, Italy
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Karger S, Arlt S, Haimerl P, Heuwieser W. A
S
ystematic
R
eview of
S
tudies
P
erforming the
H
ypo‐
O
smotic
S
welling
T
est to
E
valuate the
Q
uality of
C
anine
S
permatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 49:1-6. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Karger
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Germany
| | - S Arlt
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Germany
| | - P Haimerl
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Germany
| | - W Heuwieser
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Germany
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8
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Varesi S, Vernocchi V, Faustini M, Luvoni G. Quality of canine spermatozoa retrieved by percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration. J Small Anim Pract 2013; 54:87-91. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Varesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - V. Vernocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - M. Faustini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - G.C. Luvoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
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Efficacy of four density gradient separation media to remove erythrocytes and nonviable sperm from canine semen. Theriogenology 2012; 77:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Wilkerson DC, Sarge KD. RNA polymerase II interacts with the Hspa1b promoter in mouse epididymal spermatozoa. Reproduction 2009; 137:923-9. [PMID: 19336471 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Hspa1b (Hsp70.1) gene is one of the first genes expressed after fertilization, with expression occurring during the minor zygotic genome activation (ZGA) in the absence of stress. This expression can take place in the male pronucleus as early as the one-cell stage of embryogenesis. The importance of HSPA1B for embryonic viability during times of stress is supported by studies showing that depletion of this protein results in a significant reduction in embryos developing to the blastocyte stage. Recently, we have begun addressing the mechanism responsible for allowing expression of Hspa1b during the minor ZGA and found that heat shock transcription factor (HSF) 1 and 2 bind the Hspa1b promoter during late spermatogenesis. In this report, we have extended those studies using western blots and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and found that RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is present in epididymal spermatozoa and bound to the Hspa1b promoter. These present results, in addition to our previous results, support a model in which the binding of HSF1, HSF2, SP1, and Pol II to the promoter of Hspa1b would allow the rapid formation of a transcription-competent state during the minor ZGA, thereby allowing Hspa1b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald C Wilkerson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA
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11
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Filliers M, Rijsselaere T, Bossaert P, De Causmaecker V, Dewulf J, Pope C, Van Soom A. Computer-assisted sperm analysis of fresh epididymal cat spermatozoa and the impact of cool storage (4°C) on sperm quality. Theriogenology 2008; 70:1550-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Wilkerson DC, Murphy LA, Sarge KD. Interaction of HSF1 and HSF2 with the Hspa1b promoter in mouse epididymal spermatozoa. Biol Reprod 2008; 79:283-8. [PMID: 18434628 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.066241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hspa1b gene is one of the first genes expressed after fertilization, with expression observed in the male pronucleus as early as the one-cell stage of embryogenesis. This expression can occur in the absence of stress and is initiated during the minor zygotic genome activation. There is a significant reduction in the number of embryos developing to the blastocyte stage when HSPA1B levels are depleted, which supports the importance of this protein for embryonic viability. However, the mechanism responsible for allowing expression of Hspa1b during the minor zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is unknown. In this report, we investigated the role of HSF1 and HSF2 in bookmarking Hspa1b during late spermatogenesis. Western blot results show that both HSF1 and HSF2 are present in epididymal spermatozoa, and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that some of the HSF1 and HSF2 proteins in these cells overlap the 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained DNA region. Results from chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that HSF1, HSF2, and SP1 are bound to the Hspa1b promoter in epididymal spermatozoa. Furthermore, we observed an increase in HSF2 binding to the Hspa1b promoter in late spermatids versus early spermatids, suggesting a likely period during spermatogenesis when transcription factor binding could occur. These results support a model in which the binding of HSF1, HSF2, and SP1 to the promoter of Hspa1b would allow the rapid formation of a transcription-competent state during the minor ZGA, thereby allowing Hspa1b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald C Wilkerson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA
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13
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Abstract
Compared to human medicine, little is known in canine medicine regarding specific findings on semen evaluation and their correlation with fertility. Suggestions to optimize quality of semen evaluation in veterinary practice include creating standardized protocols for evaluation of all semen parameters and updating those protocols as needed; creating some form of quality control for the clinic laboratory; educating owners about our inability to predict with 100% accuracy whether dogs with poor semen quality never could impregnate a bitch or whether dogs with excellent semen quality always could impregnate a bitch; and generating protocols for further diagnostic work-up for those dogs with abnormal semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Root Kustritz
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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14
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Hishinuma M, Sekine J. Influence of theophylline supplementation on oocyte penetration of canine epididymal spermatozoa. J Vet Med Sci 2004; 66:1417-9. [PMID: 15585958 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.66.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of supplementation of theophylline to the medium regarding the penetration of canine epididymal spermatozoa into immature oocytes was examined. In the control medium, sperm penetration into the oocytes was observed in 8 of 13 dogs (61.5%), and the mean penetration rate was 22.0%. The penetration rate of individual dogs ranged from 0 to 64.9%. Supplementation of 0.1, 1.0 and 2.5 mM theophylline to the medium did not significantly affect sperm penetration. Sperm penetration was induced by supplementation of 2.5 mM theophylline in two dogs that showed no sperm penetration in the control group. Penetration of the epididymal spermatozoa into the oocytes was shown to vary among individual dogs in cases of the absence and presence of theophylline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsugu Hishinuma
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Japan
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