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Siddiqui R, Qaisar R, Al-Dahash K, Altelly AH, Elmoselhi AB, Khan NA. Cardiovascular changes under the microgravity environment and the gut microbiome. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2024; 40:89-96. [PMID: 38245353 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In view of the critical role the gut microbiome plays in human health, it has become clear that astronauts' gut microbiota composition changes after spending time in space. Astronauts are exposed to several risks in space, including a protracted period of microgravity, radiation, and mechanical unloading of the body. Several deleterious effects of such an environment are reported, including orthostatic intolerance, cardiovascular endothelial dysfunction, cellular and molecular changes, and changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. Herein, the correlation between the gut microbiome and cardiovascular disease in a microgravity environment is evaluated. Additionally, the relationship between orthostatic hypotension, cardiac shrinkage and arrhythmias during spaceflight, and cellular alterations during spaceflight is reviewed. Given its impact on human health in general, modifying the gut microbiota may significantly promote astronaut health and performance. This is merited, given the prospect of augmented human activities in future space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey; College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khulood Al-Dahash
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Hashem Altelly
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel B Elmoselhi
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey.
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Biswal B, Sen S, Maka S. A structure preserving model order reduction method for calcium homeostatic system. Math Biosci 2019; 312:8-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bergouignan A, Stein TP, Habold C, Coxam V, O’ Gorman D, Blanc S. Towards human exploration of space: The THESEUS review series on nutrition and metabolism research priorities. NPJ Microgravity 2016; 2:16029. [PMID: 28725737 PMCID: PMC5515527 DOI: 10.1038/npjmgrav.2016.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has multiple roles during space flight from providing sufficient nutrients to meet the metabolic needs of the body and to maintain good health, to the beneficial psychosocial aspects related to the meals. Nutrition is central to the functioning of the body; poor nutrition compromises all the physiological systems. Nutrition is therefore likely to have a key role in counteracting the negative effects of space flight (e.g., radiation, immune deficits, oxidative stress, and bone and muscle loss). As missions increase in duration, any dietary/nutritional deficiencies will become progressively more detrimental. Moreover, it has been recognized that the human diet contains, in addition to essential macronutrients, a complex array of naturally occurring bioactive micronutrients that may confer significant long-term health benefits. It is therefore critical that astronauts be adequately nourished during missions. Problems of nutritional origin are often treatable by simply providing the appropriate nutrients and adequate recommendations. This review highlights six key issues that have been identified as space research priorities in nutrition field: in-flight energy balance; altered feeding behavior; development of metabolic stress; micronutrient deficiency; alteration of gut microflora; and altered fluid and electrolytes balance. For each of these topics, relevance for space exploration, knowledge gaps and proposed investigations are described. Finally, the nutritional questions related to bioastronautics research are very relevant to multiple ground-based-related health issues. The potential spin-offs are both interesting scientifically and potentially of great clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bergouignan
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Division of Endocrinology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - T Peter Stein
- Department of Surgery, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Caroline Habold
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Veronique Coxam
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d’Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Donal O’ Gorman
- Department of Health & Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
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LEE WANGHEE, OKOS MARTINR. MODEL-BASED ANALYSIS OF IGF-1 EFFECT ON OSTEOBLAST AND OSTEOCLAST REGULATION IN BONE TURNOVER. J BIOL SYST 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218339016500042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The main determinant of bone Ca accretion is a bimolecular regulatory network on osteoblast (OB) and osteoclast (OC). Even though IGF-1 is known as an important regulator in bone cell cycle, little has been done to model IGF-1 action in bone cell regulation. Thus, the objective is to develop a mathematical model that depicts the regulatory action of IGF-1 onto the OB and OC interaction, and to evaluate adolescent and adult bone Ca accretion in response to differences in IGF-1 levels. As a result, a dynamic model of OB and OC with two main regulatory systems, i.e., Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor [Formula: see text]B (RANK)-RANK Ligand (RANKL)-osteoprogerin (OPG) system, and TGF-[Formula: see text], was augmented with the IGF-1, and incorporated into Ca kinetic data to predict exchangeable bone Ca. The developed model could predict a change in OB and OC levels in response to perturbations in regulators, producing results consistent with bone physiology and published experimental data. The model also estimated parametric difference in regulators between adults and adolescents, suggesting that RANKL/OPG in adolescents was about 4 times higher than in adults, while adolescent serum PTH and IGF-1 concentrations were 60% and 220% of those of adults, respectively. This study highlighted the influence of IGF-1 on the regulation of bone cells in positively modulating bone Ca, suggesting that IGF-1 may be an effective target for reducing bone loss by promoting mature OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- WANG-HEE LEE
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, USA
| | - MARTIN R. OKOS
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, USA
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Ehrlich H, Koutsoukos PG, Demadis KD, Pokrovsky OS. Principles of demineralization: Modern strategies for the isolation of organic frameworks. Micron 2008; 39:1062-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ishizaki Y, Fukuoka H, Ishizaki T, Kino M, Higashino H, Ueda N, Fujii Y, Kobayashi Y. Measurement of inferior vena cava diameter for evaluation of venous return in subjects onday 10of a bed-rest experiment. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2004; 96:2179-86. [PMID: 14990554 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01097.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the usefulness of measurements of the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameters on abdominal echograms as an indicator of changes of venous return in subjects with orthostatic intolerance (OI) induced by simulated microgravity. We performed a standing test and recorded the IVC diameters on abdominal echograms in 12 subjects placed on a 20-day 6° head-down-tilt bed-rest experiment. We found that different patterns of changes in IVC diameter occurred in the standing test on day 10 of the experiment; in five subjects with a marginal decrease in pulse pressure, IVC diameters in the upright position were markedly decreased compared with those in the supine position. In five subjects with feelings of discomfort, the IVC diameters in the upright position distended or did not decrease from those in the supine position. These results suggested that the changes in IVC diameter on the standing test indicated the presence of various types of hemodynamic responses of OI caused by simulated microgravity. In this study, we also evaluated changes in body-water compartments by conducting multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Longitudinal data analysis showed that the total body-water-to-fat-free mass and extracellular fluid-to-fat-free mass ratios decreased during the experimental period and recovered thereafter, and that the ratio of intracellular fluid to fat-free mass decreased during the experiment. No significant difference in changes in body-water compartments was seen among subjects with different patterns of changes in IVC diameters. Measurement of IVC diameter was useful to estimate hemodynamic changes in subjects with OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ishizaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Fumizono-cho 10-15, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan.
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