Trevisan P, Rosa RFM, Koshiyama DB, Zen TD, Paskulin GA, Zen PRG. Congenital heart disease and chromossomopathies detected by the karyotype.
ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016;
32:262-71. [PMID:
25119760 PMCID:
PMC4183026 DOI:
10.1590/0103-0582201432213213]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To review the relationship between congenital heart defects and chromosomal
abnormalities detected by the karyotype.
DATA SOURCES:
Scientific articles were searched in MEDLINE database, using the descriptors
"karyotype" OR "chromosomal" OR "chromosome" AND "heart defects, congenital". The
research was limited to articles published in English from 1980 on.
DATA SYNTHESIS:
Congenital heart disease is characterized by an etiologically heterogeneous and
not well understood group of lesions. Several researchers have evaluated the
presence of chromosomal abnormalities detected by the karyotype in patients with
congenital heart disease. However, most of the articles were retrospective studies
developed in Europe and only some of the studied patients had a karyotype exam. In
this review, only one study was conducted in Latin America, in Brazil. It is known
that chromosomal abnormalities are frequent, being present in about one in every
ten patients with congenital heart disease. Among the karyotype alterations in
these patients, the most important is the trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). These
patients often have associated extra-cardiac malformations, with a higher risk of
morbidity and mortality, which makes heart surgery even more risky.
CONCLUSIONS:
Despite all the progress made in recent decades in the field of cytogenetic, the
karyotype remains an essential tool in order to evaluate patients with congenital
heart disease. The detailed dysmorphological physical examination is of great
importance to indicate the need of a karyotype.
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