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Effect on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Conventional Glass Ionomer Luting Cements by Incorporation of All-Ceramic Additives: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8896225. [PMID: 33061975 PMCID: PMC7545438 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8896225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are commonly used for cementation of indirect restorations. However, one of their main drawbacks is their inferior mechanical properties. Aim Compositional modification of conventional glass ionomer luting cements by incorporating two types of all-ceramic powders in varying concentrations and evaluation of their film thickness, setting time, and strength. Material & Methods. Experimental GICs were prepared by adding different concentrations of two all-ceramic powders (5%, 10, and 15% by weight) to the powder of the glass ionomer luting cements, and their setting time, film thickness, and compressive strength were determined. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry analysis was done to evaluate the kinetics of the setting reaction of the samples. The average particle size of the all-ceramic and glass ionomer powders was determined with the help of a particle size analyzer. Results A significant increase in strength was observed in experimental GICs containing 10% all-ceramic powders. The experimental GICs with 5% all-ceramic powders showed no improvement in strength, whereas those containing 15% all-ceramic powders exhibited a marked decrease in strength. Setting time of all experimental GICs progressively increased with increasing concentration of all-ceramic powders. Film thickness of all experimental GICs was much higher than the recommended value for clinical application. Conclusion 10% concentration of the two all-ceramic powders can be regarded as the optimal concentration for enhancing the glass ionomer luting cements' strength. There was a significant increase in the setting time at this concentration, but it was within the limit specified by ISO 9917–1:2007 specifications for powder/liquid acid-base dental cements. Reducing the particle size of the all-ceramic powders may help in decreasing the film thickness, which is an essential parameter for the clinical performance of any luting cement.
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Imataki R, Shinonaga Y, Nishimura T, Abe Y, Arita K. Mechanical and Functional Properties of a Novel Apatite-Ionomer Cement for Prevention and Remineralization of Dental Caries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E3998. [PMID: 31810251 PMCID: PMC6926968 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Especially in pediatric dentistry, prevention by the control of initial lesions prior to cavitation is very important, and application of a pit and fissure sealant is essential to achieve this. Numerous reports have suggested that resin-based sealants are inferior to sealants based on glass-ionomer cement (GIC), because of GIC's many advantages, such as fluoride ion release properties and its good adhesion to tooth structures. However, the use of GIC is impeded due to its low flexural strength and fracture toughness. In this paper, we developed and characterized an apatite-ionomer cement (AIC) that incorporates hydroxyapatite (HAp) into the GIC; this development was aimed at not only reinforcing the flexural and compressive strength but also improving some functional properties for the creation of the material suitable for sealant. We examined the influence of differences in the compounding conditions of GIC powder, liquid, and HAp on flexural and compressive strengths, fracture toughness, fluoride ion release property, shear bond strength to bovine enamel, surface pH of setting cements, and acid buffer capability. These methods were aimed at elucidating the reaction mechanism of porous spherical-shaped HAp (HApS) in AIC. The following observations were deduced. (1) HAp can improve the mechanical strengths of AIC by strengthening the cement matrix. (2) The functional properties of AIC, such as acid buffer capability, improved by increasing the releasing amounts of various ions including fluoride ions. The novel AIC developed in this study is a clinically effective dental material for prevention and remineralization of tooth and initial carious lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Imataki
- Graduate School of Dentistry (Department of Pediatric Dentistry), Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan;
| | - Yukari Shinonaga
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Takako Nishimura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Yoko Abe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.A.); (K.A.)
| | - Kenji Arita
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.A.); (K.A.)
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Tan X, Gao S, Liu B, Min J, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Yu H. Effect of different pH environments on the durability of bonds between zirconia and Ti-6Al-4V. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:884-891. [PMID: 31611496 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role played by different pH environments in the deterioration of bonds between Y-TZP and Ti-6Al-4V. One hundred and thirty-five specimens were randomly assigned to one of the following storage media at 37°C: (1) distilled water, pH 6.9, DW; (2) acidic solution, pH 1-2, CS; and (3) alkaline solution, pH 10-11, KS. Shear bond strength (SBS) tests were carried out at the 4-, 14-, and 30-day storage time intervals. The morphology characteristics and elements distribution of the fracture surfaces were analyzed. CS-30 showed the lowest mean SBS and the least amount of residual cement on the Ti-6Al-4V surface after the SBS tests. Bond strength tended to decrease with increasing storage time for the acidic group. Alkaline and neutral media showed little influence on the SBS of Y-TZP to Ti-6Al-4V in 30 days. Acidic environments should be properly avoided to obtain reliable long-term bonding strength between Ti-6Al-4V and Y-TZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Beilei Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
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Xu H, Tan Y, Rao W, Wang D, Xu S, Liao W, Wang YZ. Ultra-strong mechanical property and force-driven malleability of water-poor hydrogels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 542:281-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ozer F, Pak-Tunc E, Esen Dagli N, Ramachandran D, Sen D, Blatz MB. Shear bond strength of luting cements to fixed superstructure metal surfaces under various seating forces. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:340-346. [PMID: 30370024 PMCID: PMC6202435 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.5.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the shear bond strengths (SBS) of luting cements to fixed superstructure metal surfaces under various seating forces were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven different cements [Polycarboxylate (PCC), Glass-Ionomer (GIC), Zinc phospahate (ZPC), Self-adhesive resin (RXU), Resin (C&B), and Temporary cements ((RXT) and (TCS))] were bonded to a total number of 224 square blocks (5×5×3 mm) made of one pure metal [Titanium (CP Ti) and two metal alloys [Gold-Platinum (Au-Pt) and Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr)] under 10 N and 50 N seating forces. SBS values were determined and data were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA. Pairwise comparisons and interactions among groups were analyzed with Tukey's simultaneous confidence intervals. RESULTS Overall mean scores indicated that Co-Cr showed the highest SBS values (1.96±0.4) (P<.00), while Au-Pt showed the lowest among all metals tested (1.57±0.4) (P<.00). Except for PCC/CP Ti, RXU/CP Ti, and GIC/Au-Pt factor level combinations (P<.00), the cements tested under 10 N seating force showed no significantly higher SBS values when compared to the values of those tested under 50 N seating force (P>.05). The PCC cement showed the highest mean SBS score (3.59±0.07) among all cements tested (P<.00), while the resin-based temporary luting cement RXT showed the lowest (0.39±0.07) (P<.00). CONCLUSION Polycarboxylate cement provides reliable bonding performance to metal surfaces. Resin-based temporary luting cements can be used when retrievability is needed. GIC is not suitable for permanent cementation of fixed dental prostheses consisting of CP Ti or Au-Pt substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Ozer
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elif Pak-Tunc
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Esen Dagli
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Deniz Sen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Nagasawa Y, Hibino Y, Nakajima H. Retention of crowns cemented on implant abutments with temporary cements. Dent Mater J 2014; 33:835-44. [PMID: 25483383 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2014-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was to examine the retentive force of crowns to implant abutments with commercial temporary cements. Six different temporary cements were investigated. Cast crowns were cemented to the abutments using each cement and their retentive forces to abutments were determined 7 or 28 days after cementing (n=10). The retentive force of the cements to abutments varied widely among the products [27-109 N (7-day), 18-80 N (28-days)]. The retentive force of all the cements was not reduced as the time elapsed, except for two products tested. The polycarboxylate cements and paste-mixing type eugenol-free cements revealed comparable retentive force after 28 days of storage. The powder-liquid type cements showed a positive correlation (p<0.05) between the retentive force and the shear strength, while a negative correlation (p<0.05) was obtained for paste-mixing type cement between the retentive force and compressive strength. Mechanical strength of temporary cements could not be a prominent predicting factor for retention of the crowns on the abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nagasawa
- Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Restorative and Biomaterials Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry
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Ebrahimi Dastgurdi M, Khabiri M, Khademi A, Zare Jahromi M, Hosseini Dastnaei P. Effect of Post Length and Type of Luting Agent on the Dislodging Time of Metallic Prefabricated Posts by Using Ultrasonic Vibration. J Endod 2013; 39:1423-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abi-Rached FDO, Fonseca RG, Haneda IG, de Almeida-Júnior AA, Adabo GL. The effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of luting cements to titanium. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 108:370-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(12)60194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fonseca RB, Branco CA, Quagliatto PS, Gonçalves LDS, Soares CJ, Carlo HL, Correr-Sobrinho L. Influence of powder/liquid ratio on the radiodensity and diametral tensile strength of glass ionomer cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 18:577-84. [PMID: 21308288 PMCID: PMC3881762 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572010000600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clinicians tend to make reductions in glass ionomer power/liquid (P/L) ratios since some materials are difficult to mix and flow into small cavities, grooves or pits. In general, changing the P/L ratio decreases the physical and mechanical properties of conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) and resin modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs), but alterations seem to depend on their composition. OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of P/L ratio on the radiodensity and diametral tensile strength (DTS) of glass ionomer cements. MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 2 factors under study: P/L ratio (manufacturer's recommended P/L ratio and a 50% reduced P/L ratio), and materials (Vitro Molar, Vitro Fil, Vitro Cem conventional GICs and Vitro Fil LC, Ortho Glass LC RMGICs. Five 1-mm-thick samples of each material-P/L ratio were produced for radiodensity evaluation. Samples were x-ray exposed onto Digora phosphor plate and radiodensity was obtained using the software Digora for Windows 2.5 Rev 0. For DTS, five (4.0 x 8.0 mm) cylinder samples of each material were tested (0.5 mm/min). Data were subjected to one- and two-way ANOVA (5x2) followed by Tukey's HSD test, or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's method. For paired comparisons, t-test or Mann-Whitney test were used (α=0.05). RESULTS There was a significant interaction (P=0.001) for the studied factors (materials vs. P/L ratio). Reduced P/L ratio resulted in significantly lower DTS for the RMGICs, but radiodensity was affected for all materials (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Reduced P/L ratio affected properties of the tested glass ionomer cements. RMGICs were more susceptible to lower values of DTS, but radiodensity decreased for all materials following P/L ratio reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Borges Fonseca
- Federal University of Goiás, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry Area, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Clarkin O, Boyd D, Towler MR. Comparison of failure mechanisms for cements used in skeletal luting applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:1585-1594. [PMID: 19283454 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Glass Polyalkenoate Cements (GPCs) based on strontium calcium zinc silicate (Sr-Ca-Zn-SiO(2)) glasses and low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been shown to exhibit suitable compressive strength (65 MPa) and flexural strength (14 MPa) for orthopaedic luting applications. In this study, two such GPC formulations, alongside two commercial cements (Simplex P and Hydroset) were examined. Fracture toughness and tensile bond strength to sintered hydroxyapatite and a biomedical titanium alloy were examined. Fracture toughness of the commercial Poly(methyl methacrylate) cement, Simplex P, (3.02 MPa m(1/2)) was superior to that of the novel GPC (0.36 MPa m(1/2)) and the commercial calcium phosphate cement, Hydroset, for which no significant fracture toughness was obtained. However, tensile bond strengths of the novel GPCs (0.38 MPa), after a prolonged period (30 days), were observed to be superior to commercial controls (Simplex P: 0.07 MPa, Hydroset: 0.16 MPa).
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Affiliation(s)
- O Clarkin
- Clinical Materials Unit, Materials & Surface Science Institute, University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Limerick, Ireland
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Maeyama H, Sawase T, Jimbo R, Kamada K, Suketa N, Fukui J, Atsuta M. Retentive strength of metal copings on prefabricated abutments with five different cements. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2005; 7:229-34. [PMID: 16336914 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their wide use in implant dentistry, there is insufficient information concerning the retentive strength of cement-retained superstructures. PURPOSE This study compared the retentive strength of metal copings on prefabricated abutments with five different luting cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight prefabricated abutments were placed on titanium screw implants torqued to 35 Ncm. Metal copings were cast with Au-Pt-Pd alloy (DeguDent Universal, Degussa, Hanau, Germany) using burnt-out plastic copings. Cements used were zinc oxide-eugenol-free temporary (ZO), zinc phosphate (ZP), glass ionomer (GI), resin-reinforced glass ionomer (RG), and composite resin (CR) cements. Retentive strength was measured with a universal testing machine. The means of each group were compared by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer multiple-comparison intervals at a significance level of p < .05. RESULTS The mean +/- SD retentive strength of the cements in Newtons was ZO 56 +/- 12 (Tukey group C), ZP 158 +/- 79 (Tukey group B), GI 132 +/- 29 (Tukey group B), RG 477 +/- 52 (Tukey group A), and CR 478 +/- 50 (Tukey group A). CONCLUSION The retentive strength of metal copings on implant abutments is somewhat different from those of conventional cemented restorations on natural teeth. These differences may be influenced by differences in surface roughness and the height of the abutment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Maeyama
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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