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Özen İ, Bahtiyari Mİ, Haji A, Islam SU, Wang X. Properties of galactomannans and their textile-related applications-A concise review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:1001-1014. [PMID: 36464192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Galactomannans are reserve carbohydrates in legume plants and are primarily extracted from their seeds. They contain galactose side chains throughout the mannose backbone and have unique features such as emulsifying, thickening, and gelling together with biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, which make them an appealing material. Guar gum and locust bean gum mainly are used in all galactomannan needed applications. Nonetheless, tara gum and fenugreek gum have also attracted considerable attention in recent decades. Despite the increased usage of galactomannans in the textile-related fields in recent years, there is no review article published yet. To fill this gap and to demonstrate the striking and increasing importance of galactomannans, a concise summary of the properties of common galactomannans and their comparisons is given first, followed by an account of recent developments and applications of galactomannans in the textile-related fields. The associated potential opportunities are also provided at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlhan Özen
- Department of Textile Engineering, Erciyes University, Melikgazi Kayseri, Türkiye; Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | | | - Aminoddin Haji
- Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shahid Ul Islam
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Xungai Wang
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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2
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3
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Pandeirada CO, Merkx DWH, Janssen HG, Westphal Y, Schols HA. TEMPO/NaClO 2/NaOCl oxidation of arabinoxylans. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117781. [PMID: 33674018 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
TEMPO-oxidation of neutral polysaccharides has been used to obtain polyuronides displaying improved functional properties. Although arabinoxylans (AX) from different sources may yield polyuronides with diverse properties due to their variable arabinose (Araf) substitution patterns, information of the TEMPO-oxidation of AX on its structure remains scarce. We oxidized AX using various TEMPO:NaClO2:NaOCl ratios. A TEMPO:NaClO2:NaOCl ratio of 1.0:2.6:0.4 per mol of Ara gave an oxidized-AX with high molecular weight, minimal effect on xylose appearance, and comprising charged side chains. Although NMR analyses unveiled arabinuronic acid (AraAf) as the only oxidation product in the oxidized-AX, accurate AraA quantification is still challenging. Linkage analysis showed that > 75 % of the β-(1→4)-xylan backbone remained single-substituted at position O-3 of Xyl similarly to native AX. TEMPO-oxidation of AX can be considered a promising approach to obtain arabinuronoxylans with a substitution pattern resembling its parental AX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina O Pandeirada
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Donny W H Merkx
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Gerd Janssen
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, P.O. Box 8026, 6700 EG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Westphal
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk A Schols
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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da Silva LM, Araújo LFS, Alvez RC, Ono L, Sá DAT, da Cunha PLR, Monteiro de Paula RC, Maciel JS. Promising alternative gum: Extraction, characterization, and oxidation of the galactomannan of Cassia fistula. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:436-444. [PMID: 32980410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Galactomannan extracted from Cassia fistula seed endosperm present little data related to the its structural characterization. This study reports the chemical characterization of the galactomannan from Cassia fistula (CF) and their oxidized derivatives. The extracted CF presented a yield of 26.5% (w/w) and the intrinsic viscosity [η] was 9.73 dL/g. 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) confirmed that the polysaccharide has a backbone of 4-linked β-D-mannose units, and contains galactose units as pending groups. These galactose units are linked to the central core through a (1→6) linkage and the galactomannan presented Man/Gal ratio of 3.1/1. The galactomannan from Cassia fistula presents low cytotoxicity in Vero cells with a CC50 > 1000 μg/ml. The properties of CF resemble other commercially important galactomannans such as Locust bean gum. Three oxidized derivatives of CF were produced by periodate oxidation, which were carefully characterized by different structural techniques. It was observed that as the degree of oxidation increased, there was an increase in the Man/Gal ratio and a reduction in molar mass and viscosity. The polialdehyde produced may be explored as a versality material to react with amine group of the protein and amined polysaccharide to produce biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonira M da Silva
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CP 12200, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Santos Araújo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CP 12200, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Couto Alvez
- Federal Institute Catarinense, IFC, Campus Luzerna, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucy Ono
- Yasuyoshi Hayashi Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Basic Pathology, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Pablyana L R da Cunha
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CP 12200, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Regina C Monteiro de Paula
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CP 12200, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jeanny S Maciel
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, CP 12200, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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5
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Martin AA, Sassaki GL, Sierakowski MR. Effect of adding galactomannans on some physical and chemical properties of hyaluronic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:527-535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rycerz K, Stepien KA, Czapiewska M, Arafat BT, Habashy R, Isreb A, Peak M, Alhnan MA. Embedded 3D Printing of Novel Bespoke Soft Dosage Form Concept for Pediatrics. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11120630. [PMID: 31779123 PMCID: PMC6956071 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Embedded three-dimensional printing (e-3DP) is an emerging method for additive manufacturing where semi-solid materials are extruded within a solidifying liquid matrix. Here, we present the first example of employing e-3DP in the pharmaceutical field and demonstrate the fabrication of bespoke chewable dosage forms with dual drug loading for potential use in pediatrics. LegoTM-like chewable bricks made of edible soft material (gelatin-based matrix) were produced by directly extruding novel printing patterns of model drug ink (embedded phase) into a liquid gelatin-based matrix (embedding phase) at an elevated temperature (70 °C) to then solidify at room temperature. Dose titration of the two model drugs (paracetamol and ibuprofen) was possible by using specially designed printing patterns of the embedded phase to produce varying doses. A linearity [R2 = 0.9804 (paracetamol) and 0.9976 (ibuprofen)] was achieved between percentage of completion of printing patterns and achieved doses using a multi-step method. The impact of embedded phase rheological behavior, the printing speed and the needle size of the embedded phase were examined. Owning to their appearance, modular nature, ease of personalizing dose and geometry, and tailoring and potential inclusion of various materials, this new dosage form concept holds a substantial promise for novel dosage forms in pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rycerz
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK; (K.R.); (K.A.S.); (M.C.); (R.H.); (A.I.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Adam Stepien
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK; (K.R.); (K.A.S.); (M.C.); (R.H.); (A.I.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Czapiewska
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK; (K.R.); (K.A.S.); (M.C.); (R.H.); (A.I.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Jurasza 2 St., 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Basel T. Arafat
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK;
| | - Rober Habashy
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK; (K.R.); (K.A.S.); (M.C.); (R.H.); (A.I.)
| | - Abdullah Isreb
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK; (K.R.); (K.A.S.); (M.C.); (R.H.); (A.I.)
| | - Matthew Peak
- Paediatric Medicines Research Unit, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK;
| | - Mohamed A. Alhnan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)20-7848-7265
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7
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Enzyme oxidation of plant galactomannans yielding biomaterials with novel properties and applications, including as delivery systems. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:4687-4702. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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8
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Braz L, Grenha A, Corvo MC, Lourenço JP, Ferreira D, Sarmento B, Rosa da Costa AM. Synthesis and characterization of Locust Bean Gum derivatives and their application in the production of nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:974-985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Polysaccharide depolymerization from TEMPO-catalysis: Effect of TEMPO concentration. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 170:140-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pierre G, Punta C, Delattre C, Melone L, Dubessay P, Fiorati A, Pastori N, Galante YM, Michaud P. TEMPO-mediated oxidation of polysaccharides: An ongoing story. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 165:71-85. [PMID: 28363578 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of natural polysaccharides by TEMPO has become by now an "old chemical reaction" which led to numerous studies mainly conducted on cellulose. This regioselective oxidation of primary alcohol groups of neutral polysaccharides has generated a new class of polyuronides not identified before in nature, even if the discovery of enzymes promoting an analogous oxidation has been more recently reported. Around the same time, the scientific community discovered the surprising biological and techno-functional properties of these anionic macromolecules with a high potential of application in numerous industrial fields. The objective of this review is to establish the state of the art of TEMPO chemistry applied to polysaccharide oxidation, its history, the resulting products, their applications and the associated modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, F-63178, Aubière, France.
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" and Local Unit INSTM, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, F-63178, Aubière, France
| | - Lucio Melone
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" and Local Unit INSTM, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy; Università degli Studi e-Campus, Via Isimbardi 10, 22060, Novedrate, Como, Italy
| | - Pascal Dubessay
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, F-63178, Aubière, France
| | - Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" and Local Unit INSTM, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Nadia Pastori
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" and Local Unit INSTM, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Yves M Galante
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, F-63178, Aubière, France
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Sakakibara CN, Sierakowski MR, Lucyszyn N, de Freitas RA. TEMPO-mediated oxidation on galactomannan: Gal/Man ratio and chain flexibility dependence. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 153:371-378. [PMID: 27561508 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Guar (GG) and locust bean (LBG) galactomannans (GMs) oxidation at C-6 was performed with catalyst TEMPO, in which the reaction progress was monitored by consume of NaOH solution. The products were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, infrared, and (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance, confirming the presence of aldehydes groups as intermediate of reaction to carboxylic acid. From high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection Man/Gal molar ratio was determined and demonstrated a preference to oxidize Man during the reaction on both GMs, following a first order kinetics of oxidation. The comparative macromolecular behavior of native and oxidized GMs was obtained through the analysis by high performance size exclusion chromatography, and the persistence length (Lp) was 6nm and 4nm to native LBG and GG, respectively. A more accessible OH-6 at mannose residue in LBG could be related with a two times faster reaction than GG. The selective oxidation with catalyst TEMPO proved to be efficient to increase the flexibility of the GMs during oxidation. Short reaction time and β-elimination process were mainly observed to LBG, probably due to a more favorable oxidation access to the polysaccharide main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Novak Sakakibara
- BioPol Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Coronel F. H. dos Santos Street, 210, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Sierakowski
- BioPol Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Coronel F. H. dos Santos Street, 210, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Neoli Lucyszyn
- BioPol Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Coronel F. H. dos Santos Street, 210, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rilton Alves de Freitas
- BioPol Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Coronel F. H. dos Santos Street, 210, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Structural characteristics are crucial to the benefits of guar gum in experimental osteoarthritis. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 150:392-9. [PMID: 27312650 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein-free guar gum (DGG) was oxidized (DGGOX) or sulfated (DGGSU) by insertion of new groups in C-6 (manose) and C-6 (galactose), for DGGOX and DGGSU, respectively. Rats were subjected to anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) of the knee, joint pain recorded using the articular incapacitation test, and the analgesic effect of intraarticular 100μg DGG, DGGOX or DGGSU solutions at days 4-7 was evaluated. Other groups received DGG or saline weekly, from days 7 to 70 and joint damage assessed using histology and biochemistry as the chondroitin sulfate (CS) content of cartilage. The molar mass of CS samples was obtained by comparing their relative electrophoretic mobility to standard CS. DGG but not DGGOX or DGGSU significantly inhibited joint pain. DGG significantly reversed the increase in CS, its reduced electrophoretic mobility, and histological changes following ACLT, as compared to vehicle. Structural integrity accounts for DGG benefits in experimental osteoarthritis.
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Merlini L, Boccia AC, Mendichi R, Galante YM. Enzymatic and chemical oxidation of polygalactomannans from the seeds of a few species of leguminous plants and characterization of the oxidized products. J Biotechnol 2015; 198:31-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Picheth GF, Sierakowski MR, Woehl MA, Ono L, Cofré AR, Vanin LP, Pontarolo R, De Freitas RA. Lysozyme-Triggered Epidermal Growth Factor Release from Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Controlled by Smart Nanostructured Films. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:3958-3965. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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A RP-HPLC method for quantification of diclofenac sodium released from biological macromolecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:354-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thombre NA, Gide PS. Rheological characterization of galactomannans extracted from seeds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:547-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Šedová P, Buffa R, Kettou S, Huerta-Angeles G, Hermannová M, Leierová V, Šmejkalová D, Moravcová M, Velebný V. Preparation of hyaluronan polyaldehyde—a precursor of biopolymer conjugates. Carbohydr Res 2013; 371:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Al3+ ion cross-linked interpenetrating polymeric network microbeads from tailored natural polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:1173-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Coseri S, Biliuta G. Bromide-free oxidizing system for carboxylic moiety formation in cellulose chain. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1415-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Parikka K, Leppänen AS, Xu C, Pitkänen L, Eronen P, Österberg M, Brumer H, Willför S, Tenkanen M. Functional and Anionic Cellulose-Interacting Polymers by Selective Chemo-Enzymatic Carboxylation of Galactose-Containing Polysaccharides. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2418-28. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Parikka
- Department of Food
and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ann-Sofie Leppänen
- Process Chemistry
Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FI-20500
Turku, Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Process Chemistry
Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FI-20500
Turku, Finland
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm,
Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood
Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leena Pitkänen
- Department of Food
and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Eronen
- Department of Forest
Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo,
Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department of Forest
Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo,
Finland
| | - Harry Brumer
- Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm,
Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood
Science Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Willför
- Process Chemistry
Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FI-20500
Turku, Finland
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food
and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Oxidation of galactomannan by laccase plus TEMPO yields an elastic gel. J Biotechnol 2011; 156:108-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
This critical review provides a survey illustrated by recent references of different strategies to achieve a sustainable conversion of biomass to bioproducts. Because of the huge number of chemical products that can be potentially manufactured, a selection of starting materials and targeted chemicals has been done. Also, thermochemical conversion processes such as biomass pyrolysis or gasification as well as the synthesis of biofuels were not considered. The synthesis of chemicals by conversion of platform molecules obtained by depolymerisation and fermentation of biopolymers is presently the most widely envisioned approach. Successful catalytic conversion of these building blocks into intermediates, specialties and fine chemicals will be examined. However, the platform molecule value chain is in competition with well-optimised, cost-effective synthesis routes from fossil resources to produce chemicals that have already a market. The literature covering alternative value chains whereby biopolymers are converted in one or few steps to functional materials will be analysed. This approach which does not require the use of isolated, pure chemicals is well adapted to produce high tonnage products, such as paper additives, paints, resins, foams, surfactants, lubricants, and plasticisers. Another objective of the review was to examine critically the green character of conversion processes because using renewables as raw materials does not exempt from abiding by green chemistry principles (368 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gallezot
- Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement-IRCELYON, CNRS/Université de Lyon, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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de Souza CF, Lucyszyn N, Ferraz FA, Sierakowski MR. Oxidation and N
-Alkylation at the C-6 Position of Galactomannan Extracted from Caesalpinia ferrea var. ferrea
Seeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200900098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Periodate Oxidation of Methylcellulose: Characterization and Properties of Oxidized Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/polym2040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Maiti S, Dey P, Banik A, Sa B, Ray S, Kaity S. Tailoring of locust bean gum and development of hydrogel beads for controlled oral delivery of glipizide. Drug Deliv 2010; 17:288-300. [DOI: 10.3109/10717541003706265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chauhan K, Chauhan GS, Ahn JH. Novel Polycarboxylated Starch-Based Sorbents for Cu2+ Ions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie9009952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India 171005, Dolphin PG College of Life Sciences, Chunni Kalan, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghanshyam S. Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India 171005, Dolphin PG College of Life Sciences, Chunni Kalan, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J.-H. Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India 171005, Dolphin PG College of Life Sciences, Chunni Kalan, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Parikka K, Leppänen AS, Pitkänen L, Reunanen M, Willför S, Tenkanen M. Oxidation of polysaccharides by galactose oxidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:262-271. [PMID: 20000571 DOI: 10.1021/jf902930t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Galactose oxidase was used as a catalyst to oxidize selectively the C-6 hydroxyls of terminal galactose to carbonyl groups. The polysaccharides studied included spruce galactoglucomannan, guar galactomannan, larch arabinogalactan, corn fiber arabinoxylan, and tamarind seed xyloglucan, with terminal galactose contents varying from 6% to 40%. A multienzyme system was used, with catalase and horseradish peroxidase to enhance the action of galactose oxidase. An analysis technique was developed for the quantification of the reactive aldehydes with GC-MS, utilizing NaBD4 reduction and acidic methanolysis. The best oxidation degrees of terminal galactosyls were obtained with xyloglucan (85% of galactose) and spruce galactoglucomannan (65% of galactose). The highest oxidation degree based on total carbohydrates was achieved with guar gum (28%), which had the highest galactose content. The oxidation resulted in changes in the physicochemical properties of the polysaccharide solutions, and the changes observed varied between the polysaccharides. The clearest change was in tamarind xyloglucan, which formed a gel after the oxidation. After the oxidation, larger particles were present in the solution of spruce galactoglucomannan, but changes in its rheological properties were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Parikka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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30
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Shear-thinning and viscosity synergism in mixed solution of guar gum and its etherified derivatives. Polym Bull (Berl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-009-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Enzymatic degradation of amylouronate (α-(1→4)-linked glucuronan) by α-glucuronidase from Paenibacillus sp. TH501b. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Thin films of xyloglucans for BSA adsorption. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lucyszyn N, Lubambo A, Matos K, Marvilla I, Souza C, Sierakowski MR. Specific modification of xyloglucan from Hymenaea courbaril seeds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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TEMPO-mediated selective oxidation of substituted polysaccharides—an efficient approach for the determination of the degree of substitution at C-6. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:3112-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 08/31/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chaires-Martínez L, Salazar-Montoya JA, Ramos-Ramírez EG. Physicochemical and functional characterization of the galactomannan obtained from mesquite seeds (Prosopis pallida). Eur Food Res Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-008-0892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Rinaudo M. Main properties and current applications of some polysaccharides as biomaterials. POLYM INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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38
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Parvathy KS, Susheelamma NS, Tharanathan RN. Hydration characteristics of guar gum samples and their fractions. Food Hydrocoll 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Barbier M, Breton T, Servat K, Grand E, Kokoh B, Kovensky J. Selective TEMPO‐Catalyzed Chemicals vs. Electrochemical Oxidation of Carbohydrate Derivatives. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300600636819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Barbier
- a Laboratoire des Glucides, CNRS UMR 6219, Faculté des Sciences , Université de Picardie “Jules Verne” , Amiens, France
| | - Tony Breton
- b Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique, CNRS UMR 6503 , Université de Poitiers , Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Karine Servat
- b Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique, CNRS UMR 6503 , Université de Poitiers , Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Eric Grand
- a Laboratoire des Glucides, CNRS UMR 6219, Faculté des Sciences , Université de Picardie “Jules Verne” , Amiens, France
| | - Boniface Kokoh
- b Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique, CNRS UMR 6503 , Université de Poitiers , Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - José Kovensky
- a Laboratoire des Glucides, CNRS UMR 6219, Faculté des Sciences , Université de Picardie “Jules Verne” , Amiens, France
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Konno N, Habu N, Maeda I, Azuma N, Isogai A. Cellouronate (β-1,4-linked polyglucuronate) lyase from Brevundimonas sp. SH203: Purification and characterization. Carbohydr Polym 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Crescenzi V, Dentini M, Risica D, Spadoni S, Skjåk-Braek G, Capitani D, Mannina L, Viel S. C(6)-Oxidation Followed by C(5)-Epimerization of Guar Gum Studied by High Field NMR. Biomacromolecules 2004; 5:537-46. [PMID: 15003018 DOI: 10.1021/bm034387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Guar gum, a beta-D-(1-->4)-linked D-mannan with alpha-D-galactopyranosyl units attached as side groups, was treated with alpha-galactosidase, an enzyme that splits off the alpha-D-galactosyl units to obtain a galactomannan with a low galactose content. The galactose-depleted polysaccharide was then selectively oxidized in C(6) position and epimerized using mannuronan C(5)-epimerases, namely AlgE1, AlgE4, AlgE6, and their mixtures, obtaining new pseudo-alginates. In this paper, we report a full high field 1D and 2D NMR study of guar gum as such and of the galactose-depleted, oxidized and epimerized compounds, respectively. From the 1H NMR spectra, the degree of epimerization, the distribution of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G) residues and the average G-block length, N(G>1), were obtained. By means of NMR diffusion experiments, it was also shown that no significant degradation of the polysaccharide occurs as a consequence of the epimerization reactions.
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Gomez-Bujedo S, Fleury E, Vignon MR. Preparation of Cellouronic Acids and Partially Acetylated Cellouronic Acids by TEMPO/NaClO Oxidation of Water-Soluble Cellulose Acetate. Biomacromolecules 2003; 5:565-71. [PMID: 15003022 DOI: 10.1021/bm034405y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble cellulose acetates with a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.5, prepared by partial deacetylation of cellulose acetate of DS=2.5, were oxidized with catalytic amount of 2,2,6,6,-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical (TEMPO), sodium hypochlorite, and sodium bromide to provide useful cellouronic acids. The oxidation was conducted at a constant pH of 10 and at 2 degrees C to avoid the occurrence of side products. Whereas only the primary hydroxyl groups of cellulose acetate were oxidized, a variable degree of oxidation (DO) resulted in a range of 0.33 to 1.0, depending on the concentration in sodium hypochlorite. Thus, polyglucuronic acid as well as partially acetylated cellouronic acid, having a range of DO were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gomez-Bujedo
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, CNRS, and Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Abstract
Various cellulose samples converted into cellulose III by two different ammonia treatments, either liquid or gaseous, were reacted with catalytic amounts of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO), sodium hypochlorite, and sodium bromide in water. A substantial increase in the reactivity of cellulose III samples was observed in comparison to those in cellulose I, and a relationship between oxidation conditions and cellulose primary hydroxyl groups accessibility was directly established. For the characterization, we have used several methods, mainly (13)C NMR, methylene blue adsorption, FTIR, and conductometric titration. In all samples, the primary alcohol groups were selectively oxidized into carboxyl groups, provided the sodium hypochlorite is added dropwise and the reaction is performed at constant pH 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denilson da Silva Perez
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, (CERMAV-CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Sierakowski MR, Freitas R, Fujimoto J, Petri D. Adsorption behavior of oxidized galactomannans onto amino-terminated surfaces and their interaction with bovine serum albumin. Carbohydr Polym 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(01)00321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Sun R, Sun X. Succinoylation of sago starch in the N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride system. Carbohydr Polym 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(01)00179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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47
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An active heparinoid obtained by sulphation of a galactomannan extracted from the endosperm of Senna macranthera seeds. Carbohydr Polym 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(00)00298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Rinaudo M. Relation between the molecular structure of some polysaccharides and original properties in sol and gel states. Food Hydrocoll 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0268-005x(01)00041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Bragd PL, Besemer AC, Bekkum HV. TEMPO-derivatives as catalysts in the oxidation of primary alcohol groups in carbohydrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(01)00061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jiang B, Drouet E, Milas M, Rinaudo M. Study on TEMPO-mediated selective oxidation of hyaluronan and the effects of salt on the reaction kinetics. Carbohydr Res 2000; 327:455-61. [PMID: 10990031 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of hyaluronan was studied at pH 10.2 and temperature of 0 degrees C with NaOCl as the primary oxidant. As with other polysaccharides, a high selectivity of oxidation was observed. The degradation of the polymer was essentially caused by the oxidation process. The primary oxidant and the pH of the reaction mixture did not alter the molecular weight of hyaluronan during oxidation. The kinetics of the oxidation process was investigated at different concentrations of reactants and the inorganic salts, NaBr, NaCl, and Na2SO4. An increase in the salt concentration in the mixture causes a major decrease in the rate of the oxidation, and this decrease is independent of the nature of the salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jiang
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolecules Végétales (CNRS), Grenoble, France
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