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Shah PA, Shrivastav PS, Sharma VS. Supercritical fluid chromatography for the analysis of antihypertensive Drugs: A short review. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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2
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Bao Z, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q. Progress in the Enantioseparation of β-Blockers by Chromatographic Methods. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020468. [PMID: 33477385 PMCID: PMC7830546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
β-adrenergic antagonists (β-blockers) with at least one chiral center are an exceedingly important class of drugs used mostly to treat cardiovascular diseases. At least 70 β-blockers have been investigated in history. However, only a few β-blockers, e.g., timolol, are clinically marketed as an optically pure enantiomer. Therefore, the separation of racemates of β-blockers is essential both in the laboratory and industry. Many approaches have been explored to obtain the single enantiomeric β-blocker, including high performance liquid chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography and simulated moving bed chromatography. In this article, a review is presented on different chromatographic methods applied for the enantioseparation of β-blockers, covering high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and simulated moving bed chromatography (SMB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yehui Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
| | - Zongbi Bao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Qilong Ren
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Y.W.); (Z.B.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Q.R.)
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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Gensh KV, Gensh TS, Bazarnova NG. Chiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of 1,2-Aminoalcohols (Review). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793119070066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Orosz T, Bajtai A, Minh Le T, Tanács D, Szakonyi Z, Fülöp F, Péter A, Ilisz I. Chiral high-performance liquid and supercritical fluid chromatographic enantioseparations of limonene-based bicyclic aminoalcohols and aminodiols on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4517. [PMID: 30807652 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of limonene-based bicyclic 1,3-aminoalcohols and 1,3,5- and 1,3,6-aminodiols was performed by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic and supercritical fluid chromatographic (SFC) methods on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. The effects of the composition of the mobile phase, the column temperature and the structures of the analytes and chiral selectors on retention and selectivity were investigated by normal-phase LC and SFC technique. Thermodynamic parameters derived from selectivity-temperature-dependence studies were found to be dependent on the chromatographic method applied, the nature of the chiral selector and the structural details of the analytes. Enantiorecognition in most cases was enthalpically driven but an unusual temperature behavior was also observed: decreased retention times were accompanied by improved separation factors with increasing temperature, i.e. some entropically driven separations were also observed. The elution sequence was determined in all cases. The separation of the stereoisomers was optimized in both chromatographic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Orosz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Bajtai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tam Minh Le
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Tanács
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakonyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Research Group for Stereochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Antal Péter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Ilisz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Harps LC, Joseph JF, Parr MK. SFC for chiral separations in bioanalysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 162:47-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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7
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The Effect of Pressure and Solvent on the Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Separation of Tocol Analogs in Palm Oil. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091424. [PMID: 28850073 PMCID: PMC6151672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are six tocol analogs present in palm oil, namely α-tocopherol (α-T), α-tocomonoenol (α-T1), α-tocotrienol (α-T3), γ-tocotrienol (γ-T3), β-tocotrioenol (β-T3) and δ-tocotrienol (δ-T3). These analogs were difficult to separate chromatographically due to their similar structures, physical and chemical properties. This paper reports on the effect of pressure and injection solvent on the separation of the tocol analogs in palm oil. Supercritical CO2 modified with ethanol was used as the mobile phase. Both total elution time and resolution of the tocol analogs decreased with increased pressure. Ethanol as an injection solvent resulted in peak broadening of the analogs within the entire pressure range studied. Solvents with an eluent strength of 3.4 or less were more suitable for use as injecting solvents.
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8
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Exploring the enantioseparation of amino-naphthol analogues by supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1387:123-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Płotka JM, Biziuk M, Morrison C, Namieśnik J. Pharmaceutical and forensic drug applications of chiral supercritical fluid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Supercritical fluid chromatography as a tool for enantioselective separation; A review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 821:1-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Marley A, Connolly D. Determination of (R)-timolol in (S)-timolol maleate active pharmaceutical ingredient: Validation of a new supercritical fluid chromatography method with an established normal phase liquid chromatography method. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1325:213-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Barclay VK, Tyrefors NL, Johansson IM, Pettersson CE. Chiral analysis of metoprolol and two of its metabolites, α-hydroxymetoprolol and deaminated metoprolol, in wastewater using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:208-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Ren-Qi W, Teng-Teng O, Siu-Choon N, Weihua T. Recent advances in pharmaceutical separations with supercritical fluid chromatography using chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Wang L, Guo Q, Yang J, Zhang L, Yang G, Chen X. Enantioseparation of Three β-Agonists Using Di-n-butyl d-Tartrate-Boric Acid Complex as Chiral Selector by Means of MEEKC. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Chiral separations in normal-phase liquid chromatography: Enantioselectivity of recently commercialized polysaccharide-based selectors. Part II. Optimization of enantioselectivity. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:521-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Wang LJ, Hu SQ, Guo QL, Yang GL, Chen XG. Di-n-amyl l-tartrate–boric acid complex chiral selector in situ synthesis and its application in chiral nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1300-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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17
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West C, Elfakir C, Lafosse M. Porous graphitic carbon: A versatile stationary phase for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3201-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The main goal of this review is to provide a brief overview of chiral separations to researchers who are versed in the area of analytical separations but unfamiliar with chiral separations. To researchers who are not familiar with this area, there is currently a bewildering array of commercially available chiral columns, chiral derivatizing reagents, and chiral selectors for approaches that span the range of analytical separation platforms (e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, supercritical-fluid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis). This review begins with a brief discussion of chirality before examining the general strategies and commonalities among all of the chiral separation techniques. Rather than exhaustively listing all the chiral selectors and applications, this review highlights significant issues and differences between chiral and achiral separations, providing salient examples from specific classes of chiral selectors where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Stalcup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, USA.
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19
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Gyllenhaal O, Karlsson A. Evaluation Conditions for SFC of Metoprolol and Related Amino Alcohols on Hypercarb (Porous Graphitic Carbon) with Respect to Structure–Selectivity Relations. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Wijeratne AB, Schug KA. Molecular recognition properties of tartrates and metal-tartrates in solution and gas phase. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1537-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Chiral separation of selected proline derivatives using a polysaccharide-type stationary phase by supercritical fluid chromatography and comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1189:245-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Mangelings D, Vander Heyden Y. Chiral separations in sub- and supercritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1252-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Synoradzki L, Bernaś U, Ruśkowski P. TARTARIC ACID AND ITSO-ACYL DERIVATIVES. PART 2. APPLICATION OF TARTARIC ACID AND OFO-ACYL TARTARIC ACIDS AND ANHYDRIDES. RESOLUTION OF RACEMATES. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940809458084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Wang Z, Ouyang J, Baeyens WR. Recent developments of enantioseparation techniques for adrenergic drugs using liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 862:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Wu Y. Retention Mechanism Studies on Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (pSFC) and Related Unified Chromatography Techniques. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- a Analytical Research , Merck Research Laboratories , P.O. Box 2000, Rahway , New Jersey , 07065 , USA
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27
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Polyakova Y, Ho Row K. HPLC of Some Polar Compounds on a Porous Graphitized Carbon HypercarbTM Column. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070500330687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Polyakova
- a Center for Advanced Bioseparation Technology and Dept. of Chem. Eng. , Inha University , Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- a Center for Advanced Bioseparation Technology and Dept. of Chem. Eng. , Inha University , Incheon, South Korea
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Polyakova YL, Row KH. Retention of Some Five-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds on a Porous Graphitized Carbon, Hypercarb™. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Gyllenhaal O, Edström L, Persson BA. Ion-pair supercritical fluid chromatography of metoprolol and related amino alcohols on diol silica. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1134:305-10. [PMID: 16949084 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Revised: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a chromatographic system based on carbon dioxide with methanol as mobile phase, and diol silica as stationary phase has been investigated for metoprolol and related amino alcohols by addition of strong acids to systems with triethylamine base as primary additive. Standard conditions used were 10% of methanol, containing 24 mM of acid and 18 mM of triethylamine, in carbon dioxide with a flow rate of 1.5 ml min(-1). The column dimensions were 125 mm x 4 mm I.D. and kept at 40 degrees C with a back pressure of 150 bar. Effects on selectivity were stronger with trifluoroacetic acid than with ethanesulfonic acid. From a large set of related analytes, it was shown that selectivity changes were significant when the structure close to the nitrogen of the amino alcohol analyte differed. The stability of the column in the short time perspective was examined and it showed negligible changes. For a diastereoisomeric pair, not resolved in a basic system with triethylamine nor by addition of ethanesulfonic acid, resolution improved to about 2.1 with trifluoroacetic acid. The described approach offers a way to tune the selectivity of SFC systems when amines are analyzed without the need to change stationary phase for the chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle Gyllenhaal
- Analytical & Technical Development, Pharmaceutical and Analytical R&D, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, S-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden.
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Steensma M, Kuipers NJM, De Haan AB, Kwant G. Identification of enantioselective extractants for chiral separation of amines and aminoalcohols. Chirality 2006; 18:314-28. [PMID: 16534799 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The major obstacle for the introduction of fractional reactive extraction as a chiral separation method in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries is the lack of versatile enantioselective extractants. Therefore, a rational approach is developed to transfer the extensive knowledge of chiral selectors reported in the literature on chiral recognition and other chiral separation techniques to extraction. Based on a similarity in separation mechanisms, it was expected that chiral selectors originating from a technique in which chiral recognition takes place in the liquid phase are most likely to function as enantioselective extractant. Using this approach, a selection of promising extractants was made from the literature and experimentally evaluated for the enantioseparation of aminoalcohols and amines. As a result, four enantioselective extractant systems, namely, dibutyl-L-tartrate with boric acid, N-(2-hydroxydodecyl)-L-hydroxyproline Cu(II) complex, N-dodecyl-L-hydroxyproline Cu(II) complex, and azophenolic crown ether, have been identified. The azophenolic crown ether system performed the best and demonstrated an enantioselectivity between 1.3-5.0 for five out of six test compounds. Identification of the enantioselective extractant systems was highly facilitated by the developed rational transfer approach that, although partially qualitative, appeared capable of reducing more than 50 encountered candidates to only three promising systems for further experimental evaluation. Therefore, it is expected that this approach can be successfully applied to identify enantioselective extractants for other classes of enantiomers as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje Steensma
- Separation Technology Group, Department of Science & Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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31
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Yoshikawa S, Smith RL, Inomata H, Matsumura Y, Arai K. Performance of a natural convection circulation system for supercritical fluids. J Supercrit Fluids 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2005.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Lučić B, Radulović D, Vujić Z, Agbaba D. Direct separation of the enantiomers of (±)-metoprolol tartrate on impregnated TLC plates withD-(−)-tartaric acid as a chiral selector. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2005. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.18.2005.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Enantioseparation of alkyl tropate by high performance liquid chromatography using (2R, 3R)-di-n-propyl tartrate. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Phinney KW. Enantioselective separations by packed column subcritical and supercritical fluid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:639-45. [PMID: 15717170 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Revised: 12/30/2004] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective separations have been one of the most successful applications of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Although analytical scale separations have dominated the literature, the use of SFC for preparative chiral separations is growing. Both analytical and preparative scale SFC separations seek to take advantage of the high efficiency, high throughput, and rapid method development associated with the technique. This review will cover recent developments in the application of SFC to enantioseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen W Phinney
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA.
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35
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Vander Heyden Y, Mangelings D, Matthijs N, Perrin C. 18 Chiral separations. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-6395(05)80062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Chester
- Procter & Gamble Company, Miami Valley Laboratories, 11810 East Miami River Road, Cincinnati, Ohio 45252, USA
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