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Song JL, Chen C, Yuan JP, Sun SR. Progress in the clinical detection of heterogeneity in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3475-3488. [PMID: 27774765 PMCID: PMC5224851 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is currently the most common form of cancer and the second‐leading cause of death from cancer in women. Though considerable progress has been made in the treatment of breast cancer, the heterogeneity of tumors (both inter‐ and intratumor) remains a considerable diagnostic and prognostic challenge. From clinical observation to genetic mutations, the history of understanding the heterogeneity of breast cancer is lengthy and detailed. Effectively detecting heterogeneity in breast cancer is important during treatment. Various methods of depicting this heterogeneity are now available and include genetic, pathologic, and imaging analysis. These methods allow characterization of the heterogeneity of breast cancer on a genetic level, providing greater insight during the process of establishing an effective therapeutic plan. This study reviews how the understanding of tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer evolved, and further summarizes recent advances in the detection and monitoring of this heterogeneity in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
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2
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Thanh Vu B, Le HT, Phan NLC, Pham PV. Optimization of culture medium for the isolation and propagation of human breast cancer cells from primary tumour biopsies. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2015. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-015-0006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Chromosomal instability and aneuploidy in cancer: from yeast to man. EMBO Rep 2012; 13:515-27. [PMID: 22614003 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2012.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy is frequently associated with disease and developmental abnormalities. It is also a key characteristic of cancer. Several model systems have been developed to study the role of chromosomal instability and aneuploidy in tumorigenesis. The results are surprisingly complex, with the conditions sometimes promoting and sometimes inhibiting tumour formation. Here, we review the effects of aneuploidy and chromosomal instability in cells and model systems of cancer, propose a model that could explain these complex findings and discuss how the aneuploid condition could be exploited in cancer therapy.
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Sisley K, Tattersall N, Dyson M, Smith K, Mudhar HS, Rennie IG. Multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization identifies novel rearrangements of chromosomes 6, 15, and 18 in primary uveal melanoma. Exp Eye Res 2006; 83:554-9. [PMID: 16684523 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Revised: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Uveal melanomas are the commonest ocular tumour of adults and are characterized by reproducible alterations of chromosomes 1, 3, 6 and 8. These alterations are of prognostic relevance and have also be shown to correlate to high risk and low risk metastatic categories of uveal melanoma as defined by micro-array analysis. It is, however, possible that a catalogue of relevant genetic alterations, involving gene rearrangement rather than amplification, have as yet eluded identification. To address this point we examined 14 primary uveal melanomas, using 24 colour multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH). All tumours were karyotyped following G-Banding, and M-FISH was performed to confirm and clarify the identity of abnormal chromosomes. M-FISH data were obtained from all tumours and was able to establish the nature of most abnormalities not fully characterized by cytogenetics. Abnormalities of chromosome 6 were far more frequent than previously indicated, in approximately 70% of cases, indicating they have been substantially underrepresented in past studies of uveal melanoma. Spindle melanomas were found to have novel rearrangements affecting in particular chromosomes 6, 15 and 18, suggesting that juxtaposition of genes through translocational events may play a role in the development of some uveal melanomas. In conclusion, this study is the largest of primary uveal melanoma analysed by M-FISH and indicates that alterations of chromosome 6 have previously been underestimated. Furthermore spindle melanomas are prone to rearrangements affecting chromosomes 6, 15 and 18, which may relate to early changes in uveal melanoma development or associate with those melanomas of a more differentiated status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sisley
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology and Orthoptics, Division of Clinical Sciences (S), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2JF, England, UK.
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Wu YP, Yang YL, Han YL, Xu X, Cai Y, Yang GZ, Wang XY, Zhan QM, Wu M, Wang MR. Identification of complex chromosome abnormalities in esophageal carcinoma cells KYSE450 by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2006; 14:747-751. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v14.i8.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To establish the technique of multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) for identification of chromosome aberrations in esophageal carcinoma cell line KYSE450.
METHODS: Two pools of 12-color whole-chromosome painting (WCP) probes were designed and labeled by degenerate oligonucleotide primer-polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR). FISH was performed twice on the same metaphase spreads. The karyotype was analyzed by the combination of inverted DAPI banding and M-FISH.
RESULTS: Repetitive 12-color M-FISH was successfully established and the cytogenetic abnormalities in KYSE450 cells were characterized. There were 54 chromosomes in the cell line, but only those numbered 13, 21 and X were normal. DNA losses were observed at parts of chromosomes 4, 7, 11, 12, 18 and 19. Chromosomal gains and translocations occurred at chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19. Chromosome 22 showed monosomy, and no chromosomes 10, 20 and Y were detected.
CONCLUSION: The established 12-color M-FISH is useful for the analysis of chromosomes in the whole genome of human tumors. KYSE450 cell line presents multiple cytogenetic abnormalities, which are in accordance with those occurred in primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Gelsi-Boyer V, Orsetti B, Cervera N, Finetti P, Sircoulomb F, Rougé C, Lasorsa L, Letessier A, Ginestier C, Monville F, Esteyriès S, Adélaïde J, Esterni B, Henry C, Ethier SP, Bibeau F, Mozziconacci MJ, Charafe-Jauffret E, Jacquemier J, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Theillet C, Chaffanet M. Comprehensive Profiling of 8p11-12 Amplification in Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2005; 3:655-67. [PMID: 16380503 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-05-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In human carcinomas, especially breast cancer, chromosome arm 8p is frequently involved in complex chromosomal rearrangements that combine amplification at 8p11-12, break in the 8p12-21 region, and loss of 8p21-ter. Several studies have identified putative oncogenes in the 8p11-12 amplicon. However, discrepancies and the lack of knowledge on the structure of this amplification lead us to think that the actual identity of the oncogenes is not definitively established. We present here a comprehensive study combining genomic, expression, and chromosome break analyses of the 8p11-12 region in breast cell lines and primary breast tumors. We show the existence of four amplicons at 8p11-12 using array comparative genomic hybridization. Gene expression analysis of 123 samples using DNA microarrays identified 14 genes significantly overexpressed in relation to amplification. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis on tissue microarrays, we show the existence of a cluster of breakpoints spanning a region just telomeric to and associated with the amplification. Finally, we show that 8p11-12 amplification has a pejorative effect on survival in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Gelsi-Boyer
- Marseilles Cancer Institute, Department of Molecular Oncology, UMR599 Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, France
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7
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Panani AD, Roussos C. Non-random structural chromosomal changes in primary gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2005; 225:291-5. [PMID: 15978333 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2004] [Revised: 11/30/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is of major importance world-wide representing the second most common cause of cancer related death in the world. Data concerning the chromosomal changes in gastric cancer are limited and no specific change has been identified to date. We have studied cytogenetically 15 cases of primary gastric cancer by direct culture of tumors cells and G-banding technique. We focused on structural aberrations observed in order to identify non-random aberrations presenting common chromosomal breakpoints. Chromosomes most commonly involved were according to frequency 1,11,14,7,17,6,8 and 13. Chromosome 11 was involved as add(11)(p15), while the pericentromeric area of chromosome 14 was constantly participated in aberrations. Isochromosomes i(1q), i(8q), i(13q), i(14q) and i(17q) were constantly found. Furthermore translocations t(1;7), t(7;14), t(6;17) and t(5;14) were identified. Conventional cytogenetics continues to be valuable in cancer study detecting genomic areas potentially candidate for the isolation of genes related to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D Panani
- Critical Care Department, Research Unit, Medical School of Athens University, Evangelismos Hospital, Ipsilandou 45-47, Athens 10676, Greece.
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Letessier A, Mozziconacci MJ, Murati A, Juriens J, Adélaïde J, Birnbaum D, Chaffanet M. Multicolour-banding fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mbanding-FISH) to identify recurrent chromosomal alterations in breast tumour cell lines. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:382-8. [PMID: 15655561 PMCID: PMC2361837 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent chromosome breakpoints in tumour cells may point to cancer genes, but not many have been molecularly characterised. We have used multicolour-banding fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mbanding-FISH) on breast tumour cell lines to identify regions of chromosome break created by inversions, duplications, insertions and translocations on chromosomes 1, 5, 8, 12 and 17. We delineate a total of 136 regions of break, some of them occurring with high frequency. We further describe two examples of dual-colour FISH characterisation of breakpoints, which target the 1p36 and 5p11–12 regions. Both breaks involve genes whose function is unknown to date. The mbanding-FISH strategy constitutes an efficient first step in the search for potential cancer genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Letessier
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
| | - M-J Mozziconacci
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
- Department of Biopathology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France
| | - A Murati
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
- Department of Biopathology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France
| | - J Juriens
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
| | - J Adélaïde
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
| | - D Birnbaum
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
| | - M Chaffanet
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics, Department of Molecular Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute-UMR599 INSERM, Marseille Cancer Research Institute, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232, Bd Sainte Marguerite BP156, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France. E-mail:
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Behjati F, Atri M, Najmabadi H, Nouri K, Zamani M, Mehdipour P. Prognostic value of chromosome 1 and 8 copy number in invasive ductal breast carcinoma among Iranian women: an interphase FISH analysis. Pathol Oncol Res 2005; 11:157-63. [PMID: 16195769 DOI: 10.1007/bf02893392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is amongst the leading causes of death in women worldwide and the most common cancer amongst Iranian women. Unfortunately, the current clinical and histological criteria can only help 60 percent of women with breast cancer in diagnosis and long-term treatment. Therefore, genetic markers both at single gene and chromosomal level can play an important role in improving the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the role of chromosome 1 and 8 copy number assessed by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), as prognostic parameters in 50 Iranian women, aged 35 to 64 years, with sporadic invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Chromosome 1 and 8 copy numbers were evaluated in relation to established clinicopathological parameters, the immunohistochemical markers ER, PR, P53 and cathepsin D, DNA index by flow cytometry, age and survival status of the patients. FISH using centromeric probes for chromosomes 1 and 8 was applied to interphase cell suspensions prepared from archived, Carnoyfixed tumor cells and selected paraffin-embedded tumor sections. Aneusomy for chromosomes 1 and 8 was present in all 50 patients to different levels. The total abnormality rate for chromosome 1 was 33.92 percent (4.24 percent monosomy and 29.68 percent polysomy), whereas for chromosome 8 this rate was 28.30 percent (6.48 percent monosomy and 21.82 percent polysomy). Statistically significant association (p<0.05) was demonstrated between monosomy 1 and patients' age below 50 years, and between monosomy 1 and poor survival, respectively. Disomy 8 was significantly associated with P53 expression. A borderline significant correlation was demonstrated between polysomy 8 and diploid DNA content, as well as between disomy 1 and disease-free status of the patients. Chromosome 1 and 8 copy numbers may be considered as useful prognostic markers in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhondeh Behjati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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