1
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Tang Z, Toruner GA, Tang G, Cameron Yin C, Wang W, Hu S, Thakral B, Wang SA, Miranda RN, Khoury JD, Medeiros LJ. Chronic myeloid leukemia with insertion-derived BCR-ABL1 fusion: redefining complex chromosomal abnormalities by correlation of FISH and karyotype predicts prognosis. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:2035-2045. [PMID: 32404952 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0564-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal insertion-derived BCR-ABL1 fusion is rare and mostly cryptic in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Most of these cases present a normal karyotype, and their risk and/or prognostic category are uncertain. We searched our database and identified 41 CML patients (20 M/21 F, median age: 47 years, range 12-78 years) with insertion-derived BCR-ABL1 confirmed by various FISH techniques: 31 in chronic phase, 1 in accelerated phase, and 9 in blast phase at time of diagnosis. Conventional cytogenetics analysis showed a normal karyotype (n = 19); abnormal karyotype with morphologically normal chromosomes 9 and 22 (n = 5); apparent ins(9;22) (n = 2) and abnormal karyotype with apparent abnormal chromosomes 9, der(9) and/or 22, der(22) (n = 15). The locations of insertion-derived BCR-ABL1 were identified on chromosome 22 (68.3%), 9 (29.3%), and 19 (2.4%). Complex chromosomal abnormalities were often overlooked by conventional cytogenetics but identified by FISH tests in many cases. After a median follow-up of 58 months (range 1-242 months), 11 patients died, and 3 lost contact, while the others achieved different cytogenetic/molecular responses. The locations of BCR-ABL1 (der(22) vs. non-der(22)) and the karyotype results (complex karyotype vs. noncomplex karyotype) by conventional cytogenetics were not associated with overall survival in this cohort. However, redefining the complexity of chromosomal abnormality by correlating karyotype and FISH findings, CML cases with simple chromosomal abnormalities had a more favorable overall survival than that with complex chromosomal abnormalities. We conclude that insertion-derived BCR-ABL1 fusions often involve complex chromosomal abnormalities which are overlooked by conventional cytogenetics, but can be identified by one or more FISH tests. We also suggest that the traditional cytogenetic response criteria may not apply in these patients, and the complexity of chromosomal abnormalities redefined by correlating karyotype and FISH findings can plays a role in stratifying patients into more suitable risk groups for predicting prognosis. (Word count: 292).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Gokce A Toruner
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shimin Hu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Beenu Thakral
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sa A Wang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joseph D Khoury
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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2
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Czuchlewski DR, Farzanmehr H, Robinett S, Haines S, Reichard KK. t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) is a recurrent constitutional non-Robertsonian translocation and a rare cytogenetic mimic of chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Genet 2012; 204:572-6. [PMID: 22137489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of hematologic malignancy can be greatly aided by the detection of a cytogenetic abnormality. However, care must be taken to ensure that constitutional chromosomal abnormalities are not misattributed to a putative population of malignant cells. Here we present an unusual case in which a constitutional balanced t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) cytogenetically mimicked the acquired, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), that is characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia. Of special note, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis for this constitutional translocation (9;22)(q34;q11.2) using standard probes for BCR and ABL1 resulted in an abnormal pattern that was potentially misinterpretable as a BCR-ABL1 fusion. This is the first reported FISH analysis of a constitutional t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), and overall only the second report of such an abnormality. In light of the isolated prior report, our case also suggests that the constitutional t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) is one of the very few recurrent constitutional non-Robertsonian translocations described in humans. Our case underscores the necessity of complete clinical and laboratory correlation to avoid misdiagnosis of myeloid malignancy in the setting of rare constitutional cytogenetic abnormalities.
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3
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Todorić-Zivanović B, Marisavljević D, Surace C, Cemerikić V, Marković O, Krtolica K, Tatomirović Z, Cikota B, Magić Z, Rocchi M. A Ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia with a complex BCR/ABL rearrangement and a t(6;9)(p21;q34.1). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 166:180-5. [PMID: 16631477 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Revised: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 11/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal malignant disorder of a pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in more than 90% of patients. Cryptic or "masked" BCR/ABL gene rearrangements may be found in cases with a normal karyotype and in cases with the complex karyotype, in which typical t(9;22) is not visible at the microscopic level. Those rearrangements can now be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Here, we report on a novel and complex Ph chromosome-negative CML case with a t(6;9)(p21;q34.1) in which the BCR/ABL fusion gene is located at 6p21.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Rearrangement/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- Male
- Metaphase/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
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4
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Wan TSK, Ma SK, Li CK, Chan LC. Atypical fluorescence in situ hybridisation pattern in chronic myeloid leukaemia due to cryptic insertion of BCR at 9q34. Leukemia 2004; 18:161-2; author reply 162-4. [PMID: 14603334 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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6
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Primo D, Tabernero MD, Rasillo A, Sayagués JM, Espinosa AB, Chillón MC, Garcia-Sanz R, Gutierrez N, Giralt M, Hagemeijer A, San Miguel JF, Orfao A. Patterns of BCR/ABL gene rearrangements by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in BCR/ABL+ leukemias: incidence and underlying genetic abnormalities. Leukemia 2003; 17:1124-9. [PMID: 12764379 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) is increasingly used for the identification of BCR/ABL gene rearrangements in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study, we have explored the incidence of both typical and atypical iFISH patterns of BCR/ABL gene rearrangements in a series of 168 consecutive BCR/ABL+ patients--135 CML, 31 precursor B-ALL and two acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cases--and established their underlying genetic alterations through further molecular and chromosome analyses. Two different FISH probes (Vysis Inc., Downers Grove, IL, USA) were used: the LSI BCR/ABL dual color extra signal (ES) and the dual color dual fusion BCR/ABL probe (D-FISH). Our results show that most BCR/ABL+ patients (83%, including 88% of all CML, 61% of ALL and one of two AML) displayed typical iFISH patterns of either Major (M) BCR/ABL (87% of CML, 13% of ALL and one of the two AML) or minor (m) BCR/ABL gene rearrangements (1% of all CML and 48% of ALL cases) with the two probes. Further molecular and cytogenetic studies confirmed the presence of such typical rearrangements in all except one of these ALL cases who had coexistence of an MBCR/ABL and an mBCR/ABL gene rearrangement together with monosomy 9. In the remaining 29 cases (17%), up to five different atypical iFISH patterns were detected with the ES probe. Atypical iFISH patterns were most frequently due to additional numerical changes--most often supernumerary Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome (7%) but also gain or loss of chromosome 9 (1%) or 22 (1%). Deletion of 9q sequences proximal to the breakpoint were also frequently observed with the ES probe (8%). Application of the D-FISH probe showed that in most of these latter cases (5%) deletion of 22q sequences distal to the breakpoint also occurred. The remaining cases with atypical iFISH had cryptic insertion of BCR in 9q34 (1%). Exact interpretation of each iFISH pattern was supported by FISH on metaphases and molecular determination of the BCR breakpoint. In summary, our results indicate that despite the high incidence of typical iFISH patterns of BCR/ABL gene rearrangements, atypical patterns are also found in BCR/ABL+ acute leukemias; the precise definition of the alteration present in individual cases is dependent on metaphase studies and molecular definition of the breakpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Primo
- Servicio General de Citometría, Spain
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7
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Costa D, Espinet B, Queralt R, Carrió A, Solé F, Colomer D, Cervantes F, Hernández JA, Besses C, Campo E. Chimeric BCR/ABL gene detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in three new cases of Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myelocytic leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2003; 141:114-9. [PMID: 12606128 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00662-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Three new cases are reported of cytogenetically Philadelphia-negative (Ph-) chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), with positive BCR/ABL gene rearrangement according to a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies using different probes showed three different situations involving chromosomes 9 and 22 for the masked BCR/ABL fusion gene. With the use of BCR/ABL-extra signal and CEP 9 probes (Vysis, Downers Grove, IL, USA), FISH studies detected the BCR/ABL fusion gene at the end of chromosome 9 in patient 1, a BCR/ABL fusion gene on both chromosomes 22 in patient 2 (who was in an accelerated phase of CML), and a BCR/ABL fusion signal on chromosome 22 in patient 3. Interestingly, FISH interphase signals showed the same pattern in patients 1 and 3, but the BCR/ABL fusion gene was located on different chromosomes. Careful interpretation of the results and a simultaneous study of nuclei and metaphases are therefore recommended in each case. In conclusion, in cases of Ph- CML, FISH studies are of paramount importance since they can detect chromosomal reorganization and its location, and can also provide quantitative follow-up of these patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Genes, abl
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolors Costa
- Unitat Hematopatologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Storlazzi CT, Anelli L, Surace C, Lonoce A, Zagaria A, Nanni M, Curzi P, Rocchi M. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a complex rearrangement involving chromosomes 9 and 22 in a case of Ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 136:141-5. [PMID: 12237239 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(02)00530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The "golden path", produced by the Human Genome Project effort, is composed of a collection of overlapping and fully sequenced BAC/PAC clones covering almost completely the human genome. These clones can be advantageously exploited as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes for the characterization of rearrangements frequently found in tumors. Breakpoint characterization can be further refined by generating additional smaller FISH probes through LONG-PCR amplification of specific DNA segments, 5-10 kb in size, using appropriate BAC/PAC probes as template. We report here an example of this approach that has been used to characterize a complex Ph-negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML Ph-) case in which the BCR/ABL fusion gene was found located on chromosome 9.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Chromosome Breakage
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
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9
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Terré C, Bastie JN, Garcia I, Suzan F, Cayuela JM, Therond P, Castaigne S. BCR/ABL fusion gene detected on 9q34 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in an acute leukemia with two BCR/ABL positive clones, one Ph-negative and one Ph-positive. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2001; 131:37-41. [PMID: 11734316 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and molecular analyses in the first reported case of an acute leukemia with two BCR-positive clones: one cell Ph-positive and all others Ph-negative. A BCR/ABL fusion gene on 9q34 was detected only with a BCR/ABL dual color translocation probe. These FISH interphase signals must be confirmed on a metaphase to avoid an erroneous interpretation. This observation appears to indicate a 2-step mechanism for this aberrant fusion gene localization: first, a classical t(9;22), and then the transfer of the fusion gene formed on chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 by a second translocation between the long arms of the derivative chromosomes 9q+ and 22q-, masking the first chromosome exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Terré
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Genetics and Hematology, Hôpital de Versailles, Versailles, France
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10
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Gorre ME, Mohammed M, Ellwood K, Hsu N, Paquette R, Rao PN, Sawyers CL. Clinical resistance to STI-571 cancer therapy caused by BCR-ABL gene mutation or amplification. Science 2001; 293:876-80. [PMID: 11423618 DOI: 10.1126/science.1062538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2288] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies with the Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI-571 in chronic myeloid leukemia demonstrate that many patients with advanced stage disease respond initially but then relapse. Through biochemical and molecular analysis of clinical material, we find that drug resistance is associated with the reactivation of BCR-ABL signal transduction in all cases examined. In six of nine patients, resistance was associated with a single amino acid substitution in a threonine residue of the Abl kinase domain known to form a critical hydrogen bond with the drug. This substitution of threonine with isoleucine was sufficient to confer STI-571 resistance in a reconstitution experiment. In three patients, resistance was associated with progressive BCR-ABL gene amplification. These studies provide evidence that genetically complex cancers retain dependence on an initial oncogenic event and suggest a strategy for identifying inhibitors of STI-571 resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Base Sequence
- Benzamides
- Blast Crisis/genetics
- Cell Line
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Amplification
- Genes, abl
- Humans
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Phosphorylation
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Point Mutation
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/chemistry
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-crk
- Pyrimidines/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Recurrence
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Gorre
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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11
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Martín-Subero JI, Lahortiga I, Gómez E, Ferreira C, Larrayoz MJ, Odero MD, García-Delgado M, Novo FJ, Giraldo P, Calasanz MJ. Insertion (22;9)(q11;q34q21) in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 125:167-70. [PMID: 11369063 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(00)00370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unusual cytogenetic rearrangement, described as ins(22;9)(q11;q34q21), was detected in a 49-year-old male patient diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed a b3a2 fusion transcript. In order to confirm the cytogenetic findings and fully characterize the inverted insertion, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays using locus-specific and whole chromosome painting probes. Our FISH analysis showed the presence of the BCR/ABL fusion gene, verified the insertion and determined that the breakpoint on chromosome 22 where the insertion took place was located proximal to the BCR gene and distal to the TUPLE1 gene on 22q11.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Breakage
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosome Painting
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/ultrastructure
- Clone Cells/pathology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Models, Genetic
- Mutagenesis, Insertional
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Martín-Subero
- Department of Genetics, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea s/n, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
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12
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Chaplin T, Jones L, Debernardi S, Hill AS, Lillington DM, Young BD. Molecular analysis of the genomic inversion and insertion ofAF10 intoMLL suggests a single-step event. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::aid-gcc1073>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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13
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Verma RS, Chandra P. Clinical significance of reverse BCR/ABL gene rearrangement in Ph-negative chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leuk Res 2000; 24:631-5. [PMID: 10867140 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(00)00034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
MESH Headings
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Rearrangement
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Verma
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Medicine, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center-New York Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 375 Stockholm Street, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11237, USA
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14
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Raimondi SC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization: molecular probes for diagnosis of pediatric neoplastic diseases. Cancer Invest 2000; 18:135-47. [PMID: 10705876 DOI: 10.3109/07357900009038245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has become an important tool for diagnosing neoplasia in children. With probes designed to identify specific chromosomes and chromosomal regions, FISH is commonly used to detect the specific chromosomal abnormalities associated with hematologic diseases and solid tumors. Variations of FISH currently being investigated, such as comparative genomic hybridization, multicolor FISH, and microchip arrays, will probably result in additional uses of FISH in both research and clinical cytogenetic laboratories. Although FISH has disadvantages when compared with conventional cytogenetics and molecular methods, FISH will continue to be important in analyzing chromosomal abnormalities of tumors in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Raimondi
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794, USA.
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15
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Vieira L, Alves AC, Marques B, Reis I, Jorge G, Ambrósio AP, de Sousa AB, Boavida MG. Insertion of the 5' part of BCR within the ABL gene at 9q34 in a Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloid leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1999; 114:17-21. [PMID: 10526530 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a chronic myeloid leukemia patient without evidence of a Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome in whom RT-PCR analysis performed in blast crisis demonstrated the existence of both common b3a2 and b2a2 BCR/ABL fusion transcripts. In situ hybridization studies with BCR- and ABL-specific probes showed location of the BCR/ABL fusion gene on chromosome 9, band q34, instead of at chromosome 22q11, and that it resulted from an insertion of the 5' side of BCR within the ABL gene on chromosome 9. The vast majority of cells showed a BCR/ABL fusion gene on both chromosomes 9, which is equivalent to a double Ph chromosome, thus reinforcing the notion that the critical event in CML is the formation of a functional BCR/ABL fusion gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vieira
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal
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16
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Stanley PE, Kricka LJ. Fluorescence in situ hybridization: 1998. LUMINESCENCE 1999; 14:221-30. [PMID: 10441053 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1522-7243(199907/08)14:4<221::aid-bio546>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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