Cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization in a case of IgD multiple myeloma

Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements involving breakpoints 3p21 and 19q13 in Chinese IgD multiple myeloma detected by G-banding and multicolor spectral karyotyping: a review of IgD karyotype literature

Immunoglobulin D multiple myeloma (IgD MM) is a rare subtype that accounts for 1% to 3% of MM and shows higher aggressiveness with distinctive clinical and laboratory features. However, there is little information in the literature on their karyotypes, which are mainly derived from G-banding results. Our current study on 2 Chinese IgD MM thus represents the first description of cytogenetic data on this subtype based on an integrated analysis with G-banding and multicolor spectral karyotyping (SKY). Both of our cases showed some usual features of MM, as well as a few novel translocations including t(3;22), t(6;19), t(X;19) and the 3 whole-arm translocations namely t(1;6)(q10;p10), t(4;9)(q10;p10), and t(16;18)(q10;q10). We also identified recurrent chromosomal rearrangements involving breakpoints 3p21 and 19q13, which may suggest to be unique aberrations that may underline the pathogenesis of this distinctive biological MM subtype.