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Fujimori A, Tachiiri S, Sonoda E, Thompson LH, Dhar PK, Hiraoka M, Takeda S, Zhang Y, Reth M, Takata M. Rad52 partially substitutes for the Rad51 paralog XRCC3 in maintaining chromosomal integrity in vertebrate cells. EMBO J 2001; 20:5513-20. [PMID: 11574483 PMCID: PMC125654 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.19.5513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast Rad52 DNA-repair mutants exhibit pronounced radiation sensitivity and a defect in homologous re combination (HR), whereas vertebrate cells lacking Rad52 exhibit a nearly normal phenotype. Bio chemical studies show that both yeast Rad52 and Rad55-57 (Rad51 paralogs) stimulate DNA-strand exchange mediated by Rad51. These findings raise the possibility that Rad51 paralogs may compensate for lack of Rad52 in vertebrate cells, explaining the absence of prominent phenotypes for Rad52-deficient cells. To test this hypothesis, using chicken DT40 cells, we generated conditional mutants deficient in both RAD52 and XRCC3, which is one of the five vertebrate RAD51 paralogs. Surprisingly, the rad52 xrcc3 double-mutant cells were non-viable and exhibited extensive chromosomal breaks, whereas rad52 and xrcc3 single mutants grew well. Our data reveal an overlapping (but non-reciprocal) role for Rad52 and XRCC3 in repairing DNA double-strand breaks. The present study shows that Rad52 can play an important role in HR repair by partially substituting for a Rad51 paralog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Fujimori
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Seiji Tachiiri
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Eiichiro Sonoda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Larry H. Thompson
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Pawan Kumar Dhar
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Masahiro Hiraoka
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Michael Reth
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Minoru Takata
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology), Saitama, Japan, BBR Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-0808, USA and Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg and Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany Present address: Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
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