Mason JT, Xu L, Sheng ZM, He J, O'Leary TJ. Liposome polymerase chain reaction assay for the sub-attomolar detection of cholera toxin and botulinum neurotoxin type A.
Nat Protoc 2007;
1:2003-11. [PMID:
17487189 DOI:
10.1038/nprot.2006.331]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We describe an ultrasensitive immunoassay for detecting biotoxins that uses a liposome with encapsulated DNA reporters, and ganglioside receptors embedded in the bilayer, as the detection reagent. After immobilization of the target biotoxin by a capture antibody and co-binding of the detection reagent, the liposomes are ruptured to release the reporters, which are quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The new assays for cholera and botulinum toxins are several orders of magnitude more sensitive than current detection methods. A single 96-well microtiter plate can analyze approximately 20 specimens, including calibration standards and controls, with all measurements conducted in triplicate. Using pre-coated and blocked microtiter plates, and pre-prepared liposome reagents, a liposome polymerase chain reaction assay can be carried out in about 6 h.
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