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Knöös P, Topgaard D, Wahlgren M, Ulvenlund S, Piculell L. Using NMR chemical shift imaging to monitor swelling and molecular transport in drug-loaded tablets of hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid): methodology and effects of polymer (in)solubility. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:13898-13908. [PMID: 24106807 DOI: 10.1021/la4024458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new technique has been developed using NMR chemical shift imaging (CSI) to monitor water penetration and molecular transport in initially dry polymer tablets that also contain small low-molecular weight compounds to be released from the tablets. Concentration profiles of components contained in the swelling tablets could be extracted via the intensities and chemical shift changes of peaks corresponding to protons of the components. The studied tablets contained hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) (HMPAA) as the polymer component and griseofulvin and ethanol as hydrophobic and hydrophilic, respectively, low-molecular weight model compounds. The water solubility of HMPAA could be altered by titration with NaOH. In the pure acid form, HMPAA tablets only underwent a finite swelling until the maximum water content of the polymer-rich phase, as confirmed by independent phase studies, had been reached. By contrast, after partial neutralization with NaOH, the polyacid became fully miscible with water. The solubility of the polymer affected the water penetration, the polymer release, and the releases of both ethanol and griseofulvin. The detailed NMR CSI concentration profiles obtained highlighted the clear differences in the disintegration/dissolution/release behavior for the two types of tablet and provided insights into their molecular origin. The study illustrates the potential of the NMR CSI technique to give information of importance for the development of pharmaceutical tablets and, more broadly, for the general understanding of any operation that involves the immersion and ultimate disintegration of a dry polymer matrix in a solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Knöös
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Radwan A, Ebert S, Amar A, Münnemann K, Wagner M, Amidon GL, Langguth P. Mechanistic Understanding of Food Effects: Water Diffusivity in Gastrointestinal Tract Is an Important Parameter for the Prediction of Disintegration of Solid Oral Dosage Forms. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:2283-90. [DOI: 10.1021/mp3006209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Radwan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandro Ebert
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Amar
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gordon L. Amidon
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Peter Langguth
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Koptyug IV. MRI of mass transport in porous media: drying and sorption processes. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 65:1-65. [PMID: 22781314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.
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4
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Mantle M. Quantitative magnetic resonance micro-imaging methods for pharmaceutical research. Int J Pharm 2011; 417:173-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Dahlberg C, Dvinskikh SV, Schuleit M, Furó I. Polymer Swelling, Drug Mobilization and Drug Recrystallization in Hydrating Solid Dispersion Tablets Studied by Multinuclear NMR Microimaging and Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1247-56. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Dahlberg
- Division of Physical Chemistry and Industrial NMR Centre, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- YKI, Institute for Surface Chemistry, Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergey V. Dvinskikh
- Division of Physical Chemistry and Industrial NMR Centre, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Schuleit
- Forum 1, Pharmaceutical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, CH 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - István Furó
- Division of Physical Chemistry and Industrial NMR Centre, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Shiko G, Gladden L, Sederman A, Connolly P, Butler J. MRI Studies of the Hydrodynamics in a USP 4 Dissolution Testing Cell. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:976-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sitharaman B, Van Der Zande M, Ananta JS, Shi X, Veltien A, Walboomers XF, Wilson LJ, Mikos AG, Heerschap A, Jansen JA. Magnetic resonance imaging studies on gadonanotube-reinforced biodegradable polymer nanocomposites. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 93:1454-62. [PMID: 19927368 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report about the in vitro cytotoxicity and MRI studies of Gd(3+)ions-doped ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotube (gadonanotubes), gadonanotubes- reinforced poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer nanocomposites and in vivo small animal MRI studies using the gadonanotubes. These studies were performed to explore the suitability of gadonanotubes-reinforced PLGA polymer nanocomposite as a model scaffold for noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate nanotube release during the degradation process of the scaffold and their biodistribution upon release from the polymer matrix in vivo. The gadonanotubes at 1-100 ppm and the gadonanotubes/PLGA nanocomposites (2 wt % gadonanotubes) did not show any cytotoxicity in vitro as demonstrated using the LIVE/DEAD viability assay. For the first time, r(2) relaxivity measurements were obtained for the superparamagnetic gadonanotubes. In vitro 7T MRI of the superparamagnetic gadonanotubes ([Gd] = 0.15 mM) suspended in a biocompatible 1% Pluronic F127 solution, gave a r(2) value of 578 mM(-1) s(-1). Upon subcutaneous injection of the gadonanotubes suspension into the dorsal region of rats, the high r(2) value translated into excellent and prolonged negative contrast enhancement of in vivo T(2)weighted proton MRI images. The in vitro characterization of the nanocomposite discs and their degradation process by MRI, showed strong influence of the gadonanotube on water proton relaxations. These results indicate that the gadonanotubes/PLGA nanocomposites are suitable for further in vivo studies to track by MRI the biodegradation release and biodistribution of gadonanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Sitharaman
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS-142, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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8
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Studies of structure–transport relationships in biodegradable polymer microspheres for drug delivery using NMR cryodiffusometry. Chem Eng Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2009.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Kulinowski P, Dorozyński P, Jachowicz R, Weglarz WP. An integrated system for dissolution studies and magnetic resonance imaging of controlled release, polymer-based dosage forms-a tool for quantitative assessment of hydrogel formation processes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:685-93. [PMID: 18715732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Revised: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release (CR) dosage forms are often based on polymeric matrices, e.g., sustained-release tablets and capsules. It is crucial to visualise and quantify processes of the hydrogel formation during the standard dissolution study. A method for imaging of CR, polymer-based dosage forms during dissolution study in vitro is presented. Imaging was performed in a non-invasive way by means of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was designed to simulate in vivo conditions regarding temperature, volume, state and composition of dissolution media. Two formulations of hydrodynamically balanced systems (HBS) were chosen as model CR dosage forms. HBS release active substance in stomach while floating on the surface of the gastric content. Time evolutions of the diffusion region, hydrogel formation region and "dry core" region were obtained during a dissolution study of L-dopa as a model drug in two simulated gastric fluids (i.e. in fed and fasted state). This method seems to be a very promising tool for examining properties of new formulations of CR, polymer-based dosage forms or for comparison of generic and originator dosage forms before carrying out bioequivalence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kulinowski
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.
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Bray JM, Petrone C, Filiaggi M, Beyea SD. Measurement of fluid ingress into calcium polyphosphate bioceramics using nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2007; 32:118-128. [PMID: 17996428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A MR microscopy experiment is developed and used to characterize fluid ingress and microstructural transformation in degradable calcium polyphosphate (CPP) bioceramics. High-resolution (49microm) maps of fluid density and spin-lattice relaxation rate were obtained as a function of time for CPP immersed in phosphate buffered saline. These results demonstrate clear differences in fluid transport rates and solid matrix microstructure in two differing CPP formulations. CPP has been proposed as a potential implantable device for the delivery of pharmaceuticals, and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data are used in conjunction with previously reported bulk elution results to develop a hypothesis explaining microstructural evolution in these materials. This type of non-destructive evaluation of the structure-transport of fluids in CPP is important to improved design of these functionalized biomaterials for long-term, localized delivery of sustained levels of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Bray
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3A7
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Dahlberg C, Fureby A, Schuleit M, Dvinskikh SV, Furó I. Polymer mobilization and drug release during tablet swelling. A 1H NMR and NMR microimaging study. J Control Release 2007; 122:199-205. [PMID: 17706829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the swelling characteristics of a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix incorporating the hydrophilic drug antipyrine. We have used this matrix to introduce a novel analytical method, which allows us to obtain within one experimental setup information about the molecular processes of the polymer carrier and its impact on drug release. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging revealed in situ the swelling behavior of tablets when exposed to water. By using deuterated water, the spatial distribution and molecular dynamics of HPMC and their kinetics during swelling could be observed selectively. In parallel, NMR spectroscopy provided the concentration of the drug released into the aqueous phase. We find that both swelling and release are diffusion controlled. The ability of monitoring those two processes using the same experimental setup enables mapping their interconnection, which points on the importance and potential of this analytical technique for further application in other drug delivery forms.
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12
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Dorozyński P, Kulinowski P, Jachowicz R, Jasiński A. Development of a system for simultaneous dissolution studies and magnetic resonance imaging of water transport in hydrodynamically balanced systems: a technical note. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8:15. [PMID: 17408215 DOI: 10.1208/pt0801015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An acid-buffering bioadhesive vaginal tablet was developed for the treatment of genitourinary tract infections. From the bioadhesion experiment and release studies it was found that polycarbophil and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is a good combination for an acid-buffering bioadhesive vaginal tablet. Sodium monocitrate was used as a buffering agent to provide acidic pH (4.4), which is an attribute of a healthy vagina. The effervescent mixture (citric acid and sodium bicarbonate) along with a superdisintegrant (Ac-Di-sol) was used to enhance the swellability of the bioadhesive tablet. The drugs clotrimazole (antifungal) and metronidazole (antiprotozoal as well as an antibacterial) were used in the formulation along with Lactobacillus acidophilus spores to treat mixed vaginal infections. From the ex vivo retention study it was found that the bioadhesive polymers hold the tablet for more than 24 hours inside the vaginal tube. The hardness of the acid-buffering bioadhesive vaginal tablet was optimized, at 4 to 5 kg hardness the swelling was found to be good and the cumulative release profile of the developed tablet was matched with a marketed conventional tablet (Infa-V). The in vitro spreadability of the swelled tablet was comparable to the marketed gel. In the in vitro antimicrobial study it was found that the acid-buffering bioadhesive tablet produces better antimicrobial action than marketed intravaginal drug delivery systems (Infa-V, Candid-V and Canesten 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Dorozyński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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Messaritaki A, Black SJ, van der Walle CF, Rigby SP. NMR and confocal microscopy studies of the mechanisms of burst drug release from PLGA microspheres. J Control Release 2005; 108:271-81. [PMID: 16169112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR and confocal microscopy techniques have been used to study the structural evolution and drug release profile of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres over time during immersion in an aqueous phase. Variation of the drying process used in the synthesis of the PLGA microspheres has been found to significantly influence the degree of permeability of the spheres to water. PFG NMR has been used to study the change in the cavity sizes within the pore structure of the microspheres over time following initial immersion. In these studies, the temperature of the secondary emulsion, used in the sphere synthesis, has been found to significantly change the temporal evolution of the pore structure. Confocal microscopy studies of the release of a model drug from within the microspheres suggest that the rate-limiting step in drug release is the swelling rate of the polymer matrix, and that the mechanism may be a percolation process. These studies also showed that the local rate of drug release is heterogeneously distributed across a microsphere, and thus, strictly, cannot be modelled as purely a simple diffusive release process from a sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Messaritaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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Veith SR, Hughes E, Pratsinis SE. Restricted diffusion and release of aroma molecules from sol-gel-made porous silica particles. J Control Release 2005; 99:315-27. [PMID: 15380640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2004] [Accepted: 07/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to predict the release kinetics of organic molecules entrapped in sol-gel-made silica particles using both pulsed field gradient-nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) techniques and model calculations to describe restricted diffusion. The macroscopic release profile of aroma molecules from sol-gel-made particles is measured directly by UV-VIS spectroscopy, while the release kinetics are calculated by the Crank equation. The microscopic restricted pore diffusion coefficient of the aroma molecules in the Crank equation is obtained in situ by pulsed field gradient (PFG) magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Furthermore, restricted pore diffusion coefficients obtained by model calculations are in agreement with those measured by PFG-MAS-NMR, indicating the potential of the latter for characterization and screening of encapsulation formulations. Measured and calculated release profiles agree within experimental error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne R Veith
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstr. 3, ML F25, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Momot KI, Kuchel PW. Pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance as a tool for studying drug delivery systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/cmr.a.10092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Malveau C, Baille WE, Zhu XX, Marchessault RH. NMR imaging of high-amylose starch tablets. 2. Effect of tablet size. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:1249-54. [PMID: 12425662 DOI: 10.1021/bm025576q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate polymers are widely used for pharmaceutical applications such as the controlled release of drugs. The swelling and water mobility in high-amylose starch tablets are important parameters to be determined for these applications. They have been studied at different time intervals by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) after the immersion of the samples in water. These tablets have a hydrophilic matrix, which swells anisotropically and forms a hydrogel in water. NMRI shows clearly the anisotropy of the water penetration and the swelling along the radial and axial dimensions of the tablets. Empirical relationships are established to describe the kinetics of water penetration and swelling of the tablets. Results show that water uptake and tablet swelling strongly depend on the size of the tablets. Gravimetric measurements of water uptake were also performed in comparison with the NMRI results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Malveau
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Baille WE, Malveau C, Zhu XX, Marchessault RH. NMR imaging of high-amylose starch tablets. 1. Swelling and water uptake. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:214-8. [PMID: 11866576 DOI: 10.1021/bm015621e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical tablets made of modified high-amylose starch have a hydrophilic polymer matrix into which water can penetrate with time to form a hydrogel. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the water penetration and the swelling of the matrix of these tablets. The tablets immersed in water were imaged at different time intervals on a 300 MHz NMR spectrometer. Radial images show clearly the swelling of the tablets and the water concentration profile. The rate constants for water diffusion and the tablet swelling were extracted from the experimental data. The water diffusion process was found to follow case II kinetics at 25 degrees C. NMR imaging also provided spin density profiles of the water penetrating inside the tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilms E Baille
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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