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Prudhomme N, Pastora R, Muselius B, McLean MD, Cossar D, Geddes-McAlister J. Exposure of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to agroinfiltration medium demonstrates cellular remodelling and may promote enhanced adaptability for molecular pharming. Can J Microbiol 2020; 67:85-97. [PMID: 32721220 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Agroinfiltration is used to treat plants with modified strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens for the purpose of transient in planta expression of genes transferred from the bacterium. These genes encode valuable recombinant proteins for therapeutic or industrial applications. Treatment of large quantities of plants for industrial-scale protein production exposes bacteria (harboring genes of interest) to agroinfiltration medium that is devoid of nutrients and carbon sources for prolonged periods of time (possibly upwards of 24 h). Such conditions may negatively influence bacterial viability, infectivity of plant cells, and target protein production. Here, we explored the role of timing in bacterial culture preparation for agroinfiltration using mass spectrometry-based proteomics to define changes in cellular processes. We observed distinct profiles associated with bacterial treatment conditions and exposure timing, including significant changes in proteins involved in pathogenesis, motility, and nutrient acquisition systems as the bacteria adapt to the new environment. These data suggest a progression towards increased cellular remodelling over time. In addition, we described changes in growth- and environment-specific processes over time, underscoring the interconnectivity of pathogenesis and chemotaxis-associated proteins with transport and metabolism. Overall, our results have important implications for the production of transiently expressed target protein products, as prolonged exposure to agroinfiltration medium suggests remodelling of the bacterial proteins towards enhanced infection of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prudhomme
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - R Pastora
- PlantForm Corporation Canada, Toronto, ON M4S 3E2, Canada
| | - B Muselius
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - M D McLean
- PlantForm Corporation Canada, Toronto, ON M4S 3E2, Canada
| | - D Cossar
- PlantForm Corporation Canada, Toronto, ON M4S 3E2, Canada
| | - J Geddes-McAlister
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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2
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Dessaux Y, Faure D. Quorum Sensing and Quorum Quenching in Agrobacterium: A "Go/No Go System"? Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9040210. [PMID: 29659511 PMCID: PMC5924552 DOI: 10.3390/genes9040210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogen Agrobacterium induces gall formation on a wide range of dicotyledonous plants. In this bacteria, most pathogenicity determinants are borne on the tumour inducing (Ti) plasmid. The conjugative transfer of this plasmid between agrobacteria is regulated by quorum sensing (QS). However, processes involved in the disturbance of QS also occur in this bacteria under the molecular form of a protein, TraM, inhibiting the sensing of the QS signals, and two lactonases BlcC (AttM) and AiiB that degrade the acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) QS signal. In the model Agrobacteriumfabrum strain C58, several data, once integrated, strongly suggest that the QS regulation may not be reacting only to cell concentration. Rather, these QS elements in association with the quorum quenching (QQ) activities may constitute an integrated and complex “go/no go system” that finely controls the biologically costly transfer of the Ti plasmid in response to multiple environmental cues. This decision mechanism permits the bacteria to sense whether it is in a gall or not, in a living or decaying tumor, in stressed plant tissues, etc. In this scheme, the role of the lactonases selected and maintained in the course of Ti plasmid and agrobacterial evolution appears to be pivotal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Dessaux
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France.
| | - Denis Faure
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette CEDEX, France.
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3
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Afroz A, Zahur M, Zeeshan N, Komatsu S. Plant-bacterium interactions analyzed by proteomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:21. [PMID: 23424014 PMCID: PMC3573209 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the plant immune response has resulted in a highly effective defense system that is able to resist potential attack by microbial pathogens. The primary immune response is referred to as pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity and has evolved to recognize common features of microbial pathogens. In response to the delivery of pathogen effector proteins, plants acquired R proteins to fight against pathogen attack. R-dependent defense response is important in understanding the biochemical and cellular mechanisms and underlying these interactions will enable molecular and transgenic approaches for crops with increased biotic resistance. Proteomic analyses are particularly useful for understanding the mechanisms of host plant against the pathogen attack. Recent advances in the field of proteome analyses have initiated a new research area, i.e., the analysis of more complex microbial communities and their interaction with plant. Such areas hold great potential to elucidate, not only the interactions between bacteria and their host plants, but also of bacteria-bacteria interactions between different bacterial taxa, symbiotic, pathogenic bacteria, and commensal bacteria. During biotic stress, plant hormonal signaling pathways prioritizes defense over other cellular functions. Some plant pathogens take advantage of hormone dependent regulatory system by mimicking hormones that interfere with host immune responses to promote virulence (vir). In this review, it is discussed the cross talk that plays important role in response to pathogens attack with different infection strategies using proteomic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Afroz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus GujratGujrat, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Amber Afroz, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan. e-mail:
| | - Muzna Zahur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus GujratGujrat, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Zeeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus GujratGujrat, Pakistan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba, Japan
- Setsuko Komatsu, National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-18 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan. e-mail:
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4
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Rosen R, Ron EZ. Proteomics of a plant pathogen: Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Proteomics 2011; 11:3134-42. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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5
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Knief C, Delmotte N, Vorholt JA. Bacterial adaptation to life in association with plants - A proteomic perspective from culture to in situ conditions. Proteomics 2011; 11:3086-105. [PMID: 21548095 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diverse bacterial taxa that live in association with plants affect plant health and development. This is most evident for those bacteria that undergo a symbiotic association with plants or infect the plants as pathogens. Proteome analyses have contributed significantly toward a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these associations. They were applied to obtain a general overview of the protein composition of these bacteria, but more so to study effects of plant signaling molecules on the cytosolic proteome composition or metabolic adaptations upon plant colonization. Proteomic analyses are particularly useful for the identification of secreted proteins, which are indispensable to manipulate a host plant. Recent advances in the field of proteome analyses have initiated a new research area, the analysis of more complex microbial communities. Such studies are just at their beginning but hold great potential for the future to elucidate not only the interactions between bacteria and their host plants, but also of bacteria-bacteria interactions between different bacterial taxa when living in association with plants. These include not only the symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria, but also the commensal bacteria that are consistently found in association with plants and whose functions remain currently largely uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Knief
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Gelvin SB. Agrobacterium in the genomics age. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 150:1665-76. [PMID: 19439569 PMCID: PMC2719113 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.139873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanton B Gelvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1392, USA.
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Jin LH, Um HJ, Yin CJ, Kim YH, Lee JH. Proteomic analysis of curdlan-producing Agrobacterium sp. in response to pH downshift. J Biotechnol 2008; 138:80-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Oberpichler I, Rosen R, Rasouly A, Vugman M, Ron EZ, Lamparter T. Light affects motility and infectivity ofAgrobacterium tumefaciens. Environ Microbiol 2008; 10:2020-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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White CE, Winans SC. Cell-cell communication in the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2007; 362:1135-48. [PMID: 17360279 PMCID: PMC2435578 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens induces the formation of crown gall tumours at wound sites on host plants by directly transforming plant cells. This disease strategy benefits the bacteria as the infected plant tissue produces novel nutrients, called opines, that the colonizing bacteria can use as nutrients. Almost all of the genes that are required for virulence, and all of the opine uptake and utilization genes, are carried on large tumour-inducing (Ti) plasmids. The observation more than 25 years ago that specific opines are required for Ti plasmid conjugal transfer led to the discovery of a cell-cell signalling system on these plasmids that is similar to the LuxR-LuxI system first described in Vibrio fischeri. All Ti plasmids that have been described to date carry a functional LuxI-type N-acylhomoserine lactone synthase (TraI), and a LuxR-type signal receptor and transcriptional regulator called TraR. The traR genes are expressed only in the presence of specific opines called conjugal opines. The TraR-TraI system provides an important model for LuxR-LuxI-type systems, especially those found in the agriculturally important Rhizobiaceae family. In this review, we discuss current advances in the biochemistry and structural biology of the TraR-TraI system.
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Dong YH, Wang LH, Zhang LH. Quorum-quenching microbial infections: mechanisms and implications. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2007; 362:1201-11. [PMID: 17360274 PMCID: PMC2435583 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of antibiotics early in the past century marked the beginning of active control and prevention of infectious microbial diseases. However, extensive use of antibiotics has also unavoidably resulted in the emergence of ‘superbugs’ that resist conventional antibiotics. The finding that many pathogens rely on cell-to-cell communication mechanisms, known as quorum sensing, to synchronize microbial activities essential for infection and survival in the host suggests a promising disease control strategy, i.e. quenching microbial quorum sensing or in short, quorum quenching. Work over the past few years has demonstrated that quorum-quenching mechanisms are widely conserved in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. These naturally occurring quorum-quenching mechanisms appear to play important roles in microbe–microbe and pathogen–host interactions and have been used, or served as lead compounds, in developing and formulating a new generation of antimicrobials. Characterization of the crystal structures of several types of quorum-quenching enzymes has provided valuable information to elucidate the catalytic mechanisms, as well as clues for future protein tailoring and molecular improvement. The discovery of quorum-sensing signal degradation enzymes in mammalian species represents a new milestone in quorum sensing and quorum quenching research. The finding highlights the importance of investigating their roles in host innate defence against infectious diseases and to determine the factors influencing their
in vivo
concentrations and catalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hu Dong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lian-Hui Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lian-Hui Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, The National University of Singapore10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore
- Author for correspondence ()
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Chai Y, Tsai CS, Cho H, Winans SC. Reconstitution of the biochemical activities of the AttJ repressor and the AttK, AttL, and AttM catabolic enzymes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol 2007; 189:3674-9. [PMID: 17307843 PMCID: PMC1855881 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01274-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The attKLM operon encodes a lactonase (AttM) that hydrolyzes acylhomoserine lactone autoinducers, as well as two putative dehydrogenases (AttK and AttL). Here we show that AttK, AttL, and AttM collectively covert gamma-butyrolactone to succinate. Two metabolic intermediates, gamma-hydroxybutyrate and succinic semialdehyde, inactivated the AttJ repressor in vitro and induced attKLM transcription in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunrong Chai
- Department of Microbiology, 361A Wing Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Lai EM, Shih HW, Wen SR, Cheng MW, Hwang HH, Chiu SH. Proteomic analysis ofAgrobacterium tumefaciens response to thevir gene inducer acetosyringone. Proteomics 2006; 6:4130-6. [PMID: 16791832 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease in a wide range of plants by transforming plants through the transfer and integration of its transferred DNA (T-DNA) into the host genome. In the present study, we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to examine the protein expression profiles of A. tumefaciens in response to the phenolic compound acetosyringone (AS), a known plant-released virulence (vir) gene inducer. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 11 proteins consisting of 9 known AS-induced Vir proteins and 2 newly discovered AS-induced proteins, an unknown protein Y4mC (Atu6162) and a small heat shock protein HspL (Atu3887). Further expression analysis revealed that the AS-induced expression of Y4mC and HspL is regulated by the VirA/VirG two-component system. This report presents the first proteomics study successfully identifying both known and new AS-induced proteins that are implicated in Agrobacterium virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erh-Min Lai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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13
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Chevrot R, Rosen R, Haudecoeur E, Cirou A, Shelp BJ, Ron E, Faure D. GABA controls the level of quorum-sensing signal in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:7460-4. [PMID: 16645034 PMCID: PMC1464361 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0600313103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of GABA increases rapidly in wounded plant tissues, but the implication of this GABA pulse for plant-bacteria interactions is not known. Here we reveal that GABA stimulated the inactivation of the N-(3-oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone (OC8-HSL) quorum-sensing signal (or "quormone") by the Agrobacterium lactonase AttM. GABA induced the expression of the attKLM operon, which was correlated to a decrease in OC8-HSL concentration in Agrobacterium tumefaciens cultures. The Agrobacterium GABA transporter Bra was required for this GABA-signaling pathway. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco plants with elevated GABA levels were less sensitive to A. tumefaciens C58 infection than were wild-type plants. These findings indicate that plant GABA may modulate quorum sensing in A. tumefaciens, thereby affecting its virulence on plants. Whereas GABA is an essential cell-to-cell signal in eukaryotes, here we provide evidence of GABA acting as a signal between eukaryotes and pathogenic bacteria. The GABA signal represents a potential target for the development of a strategy to control the virulence of bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Chevrot
- *Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91 198, France
| | - Ran Rosen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology and
- The Maiman Institute for Proteome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; and
| | - Elise Haudecoeur
- *Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91 198, France
| | - Amélie Cirou
- *Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91 198, France
| | - Barry J. Shelp
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Eliora Ron
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology and
| | - Denis Faure
- *Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette 91 198, France
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Rondon MR, Ballering KS, Thomas MG. Identification and analysis of a siderophore biosynthetic gene cluster from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2005; 150:3857-3866. [PMID: 15528670 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.27319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using the complete genome sequence from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58, the authors identified a secondary metabolite gene cluster that encodes the biosynthesis of a metabolite with siderophore activity. Support for this conclusion came from genetic and regulatory analysis of the gene cluster, along with the purification of a metabolite from A. tumefaciens C58 with iron-chelating activity. Genetic analysis of mutant strains disrupted in this gene cluster showed that these strains grew more slowly than the wild-type strain in medium lacking iron. Additionally, the mutant strains failed to produce a chrome-azurol-S-reactive material in liquid or solid medium, and failed to produce the metabolite with iron-chelating characteristics that was identified in the wild-type strain. Addition of this purified metabolite to the growth medium of a mutant strain restored its ability to grow in iron-deficient medium. Furthermore, expression of this gene cluster was induced by growth under iron-limiting conditions, suggesting that expression of this gene cluster occurs when iron is scarce. These data are all consistent with the proposal that the proteins encoded by this gene cluster are involved in the production of a siderophore. Interestingly, these proteins show the highest level of amino acid similarity to proteins from a gene cluster found in the filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC7120, rather than to known siderophore biosynthetic enzymes. Given these properties, it is proposed that the siderophore produced by A. tumefaciens C58 will have a unique chemical structure. Production of the siderophore was not required for virulence of A. tumefaciens when tested with a standard stem inoculation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Rondon
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Katie S Ballering
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Michael G Thomas
- Room 256 Biochemistry, 420 Henry Mall and Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Current Awareness on Comparative and Functional Genomics. Comp Funct Genomics 2003; 4. [PMCID: PMC2447311 DOI: 10.1002/cfg.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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