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Sobhy Y, Mahgoub S, Abo-Zeid Y, Mina SA, Mady MS. In-Vitro Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Asparagus Densiflorus Meyeri and its Phytochemical Investigation. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400959. [PMID: 39077790 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Genus Asparagus is well known for its pharmacological activities and ethnopharmacological applications. In folk medicine, it is used in the management of several diseases such as diabetes, inflammations, and rheumatism. This work aimed to investigate the potential of Asparagus densiflorus meyeri root & aerial parts extracts as cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory and the investigation of their chemical profile. GC analysis & Folin-Ciocalteu and gravimetric methods were used respectively to estimate the lipoidal, phenolic, and saponin contents. MTT assay was conducted using two cell lines (MCF-7 & HepG2) to investigate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity using TNF-α stimulated MCF-7 cells through monitoring the level of nitric oxide release and NF-κB gene expression. Preliminary phytochemical investigation indicated that both extracted parts are equally rich in saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrates and/or glycosides, and sterols and/or triterpenes. Palmitic acid and β sitosterol represented the major saturated fatty acids and sterol, respectively. A significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells was recorded for DCM extract (IC50 26.13 μg/ml). All tested extracts showed a significant decrease in NO release and NF-κB gene expression thus it possesses a potential anti-inflammatory activity. A. densiflorus meyeri is considered a good candidate as a food supplement for protection from malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Sobhy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Mahgoub
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Abo-Zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Suzan A Mina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Mady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
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Wang M, Wang S, Hu W, Wang Z, Yang B, Kuang H. Asparagus cochinchinensis: A review of its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1068858. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1068858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. (A. cochinchinensis) is a traditional herbal medicine that is used to treat constipation, fever, pneumonia, stomachache, tracheitis, rhinitis, cataract, acne, urticaria. More than 90 compounds have been identified from different structural types in A. cochinchinensis, including steroidal saponins, C21-steroides, lignans, polysaccharides, amino acids, etc. These bioactive ingredients make A. cochinchinensis remarkable for its pharmacological effects on anti-asthma, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, improving Alzheimer’s disease, neuroprotection, gut health-promoting and so on. Moreover, A. cochinchinensis also plays an important role in food, health product, cosmetic, and other fields. This review focused on the research publications of A. cochinchinensis and aimed to summarize the advances in the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and applications which will provide reference for the further studies and applications of A. cochinchinensis.
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Zhou Y, Xu B. New insights into molecular mechanisms of "Cold or Hot" nature of food: When East meets West. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110361. [PMID: 34053554 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines are largely adopted in China and have a key importance in the world medical system. Cold-hot nature is the important characteristics of food and Chinese Materia Medica in the traditional Chinese medicine, relating to food functions in the organism. As compared to the studies on the cold and hot nature in Chinese medicine, the research studies carried out to establish the association between cold-hot nature and food are insufficient. Intending to investigate the criteria to discriminate the cold-hot nature of food and Chinese medicine scientifically, this review collected the cold-hot nature-related literature in recent 20 years in several popular databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. This review explored that the cold and hot natures are not only linked to the chemical components such as water, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids, but also correlated to the biological effects, comprising of energy metabolism, inflammation response, oxidation reaction, immune response, and cell growth and proliferation. Besides, this review further put forward the possibility that cold-hot nature of food and Chinese medicine exert different biological effects on the inflammatory response via regulating the signaling pathways viz. NF-κB and MAPK. More extensive studies are needed to consider the overall connections between both the biological effects and chemical components and how food processing affects the cold-hot nature of the food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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Park JH, Yeo IJ, Han JH, Suh JW, Lee HP, Hong JT. Anti-inflammatory effect of astaxanthin in phthalic anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis animal model. Exp Dermatol 2019; 27:378-385. [PMID: 28887839 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated anti-dermatitic effects of astaxanthin (AST) in phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) animal model as well as in vitro model. AD-like lesion was induced by the topical application of 5% PA to the dorsal skin or ear of Hos:HR-1 mouse. After AD induction, 100 μL of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL of AST (10 μg or 20 μg/cm2 ) was spread on the dorsum of ear or back skin three times a week for four weeks. We evaluated dermatitis severity, histopathological changes and changes in protein expression by Western blotting for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. We also measured tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration in the blood of AD mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AST treatment attenuated the development of PA-induced AD. Histological analysis showed that AST inhibited hyperkeratosis, mast cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. AST treatment inhibited expression of iNOS and COX-2, and NF-κB activity as well as release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IgE. In addition, AST (5, 10 and 20 μM) potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, expression of iNOS and COX-2 and NF-κB DNA binding activities in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Our data demonstrated that AST could be a promising agent for AD by inhibition of NF-κB signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ho Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.,INIST ST CO., LTD., Eumseong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jun Yeo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Suh
- GDE Ltd., Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fermented Herbal Roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Model. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100377. [PMID: 30360392 PMCID: PMC6210729 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis, which have pharmacologically active ingredients, have received great attention because they show good therapeutic effects for various inflammatory diseases without specific toxicity. This study investigated the anti-asthmatic effects of a butanol extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis roots that had been fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAW) and its possible underlying cholinergic regulation. Methods: Alterations of the anti-asthmatic markers and the molecular response factors were measured in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model after treatment with BAW. Results: Treatment with BAW decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) activated RAW264.7 cells. The results of the animal experiments revealed lower infiltration of inflammatory cells and bronchial thickness, and a significant reduction in the number of macrophages and eosinophils, concentration of OVA-specific IgE, and expression of Th2 cytokines in the OVA + BAW treated group. In addition, a significant recovery of goblet cell hyperplasia, MMP-9 expression, and the VEGF signaling pathway was observed upon airway remodeling in the OVA + BAW treated group. Furthermore, these responses of BAW were linked to recovery of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) M3 downstream signaling pathway in epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and afferent sensory nerves of OVA + BAW-treated mice. Conclusion: Overall, these findings are the first to provide evidence that the therapeutic effects of BAW can prevent airway inflammation and remodeling through the recovery of cholinergic regulation in structural cells and inflammatory cells of the chronic asthma model.
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Lee HA, Kim JE, Sung JE, Yun WB, Kim DS, Lee HS, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Asparagus cochinchinensis stimulates release of nerve growth factor and abrogates oxidative stress in the Tg2576 model for Alzheimer's disease. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:125. [PMID: 29625607 PMCID: PMC5889554 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Backgroud Use of multifunctional drugs with neurotrophic supporting and oxidative stress suppressing activity may be considered a therapeutic strategy to protect or repair cellular damage caused during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of A. cochinchinesis root (AEAC), particularly its role as a nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulator and anti-oxidant in Tg2576 mice showing AD phenotypes of human. Methods Tg2576 mice were received 100 mg/kg/day AEAC via oral administration, while mice in the Vehicle treated group received dH2O for 4 weeks. Non-Tg littermates were used as a control group. Following AEAC treatment for 4 weeks, NGF function, anti-oxidantive status, Aβ-42 peptide level, γ-secretase expression and neuronal cell functions were analyzed in the brain of Tg2576 mice. Results AEAC containing flavonoids, phenols, saponins and protodioscin induced enhancement of NGF secretion and decreased intracellular ROS in the neuronal and microglial cell line. These effects as well as enhanced SOD levels were also detected in AEAC treated Tg2576 mice. The expression of p-Akt among downstream effectors of the high affinity NGF receptor was dramatically recovered in AEAC treated Tg2576 mice, while the expression of p75NTR was slightly recovered in the same group. Significant recovery on the level of Aβ-42 peptides and the expression of γ-secretase members including PS-2, APH-1 and NCT were detected in AEAC treated Tg2576 mice. Furthermore, AEAC treated Tg2576 mice showed decreased numbers of dead cells and suppressed acetyl choline esterase (AChE) activity. Conclusions These results suggest that AEAC contribute to improving the deposition of Aβ-42 peptides and neuronal cell injuries during the pathological progression stage of AD in the brain of Tg2576 mice through increased NGF secretion and suppressed oxidative stress.
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Lee HA, Song BR, Kim HR, Kim JE, Yun WB, Park JJ, Lee ML, Choi JY, Lee HS, Hwang DY. Butanol extracts of Asparagus cochinchinensis fermented with Weissella cibaria inhibit iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4986-4994. [PMID: 29201203 PMCID: PMC5704323 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Roots of Asparagus cochinchinesis have been widely used to treat fever, cough, kidney disease, breast cancer, inflammatory and brain disease, although the effects of their fermented products have not been assessed until now. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages of a butanol extract from A. cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAW), alterations in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction pathway and inflammatory cytokine expression were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells following pretreatment with BAW. Briefly, W. cibaria was selected from two bacterial strains for the fermentation of A. cochinchinensis roots based on its hyaluronidase inhibition and NO suppression rates. Following fermentation with W. cibaria, the level of various key components including total phenols and protodioscin were significantly enhanced in BAW. In addition, BAW exhibited high free radical scavenging activity (IC50=31.62 µg/ml) and induced a decrease of intracellular ROS production in RAW264.7 cells following DCFH-DA staining. Significant suppressions in the expression level of important members of the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase members were detected. The expressions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were recovered in BAW pretreated RAW264.7 cells. Overall, these results suggest that BAW may suppress inflammatory responses through differential regulation of the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and inflammatory cytokine expressions in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryeong Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Bin Yun
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Lim Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seob Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do 627-706, Republic of Korea
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Sung JE, Lee HA, Kim JE, Yun WB, An BS, Yang SY, Kim DS, Lee CY, Lee HS, Bae CJ, Hwang DY. Saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in ovalbumin-induced asthma model. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1365-1376. [PMID: 28949387 PMCID: PMC5627880 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by T-lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltration, mucus overproduction and airway hyper-responsiveness. The present study examined the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of a saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (SEAC) on airway inflammation and remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. To accomplish this, alterations of the nitric oxide (NO) level, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels, as well as variations in immune cell numbers, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, histopathological structure and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells or an OVA-induced mouse model of asthma treated with SEAC. The concentration of NO and mRNA levels of COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased in the SEAC + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells compared with the vehicle + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, in the OVA-induced asthma model, the number of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the concentration of OVA-specific IgE, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the bronchial thickness and the levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13 and COX-2 were significantly lower in the OVA + SEAC-treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle-treated group. In addition, a significant reduction in goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchiolar collagen layer thickness and VEGF expression for airway remodeling was detected in the OVA + SEAC-treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle-treated group. These findings indicate that SEAC is a suppressor of airway inflammation and remodeling, and may therefore be useful as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Sung
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Bin Yun
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seob Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technlogy, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hee-Seob Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Joon Bae
- Biologics Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
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Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis in ICR mice. Lab Anim Res 2017; 33:57-67. [PMID: 28747969 PMCID: PMC5527148 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2017.33.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of Asparagus cochinchinensis against inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), substance P and phthalic anhydride (PA) treatment were recently reported for some cell lines and animal models. To evaluate the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of A. cochinchinensis toward the livers and kidneys of ICR mice, alterations in related markers including body weight, organ weight, urine composition, liver pathology and kidney pathology were analyzed in male and female ICR mice after oral administration of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg body weight/day saponin-enriched extract of A. cochinchinensis (SEAC) for 14 days. The saponin, total flavonoid and total phenol levels were found to be 57.2, 88.5 and 102.1 mg/g in SEAC, respectively, and the scavenging activity of SEAC gradually increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, body and organ weight, clinical phenotypes, urine parameters and mice mortality did not differ between the vehicle and SEAC treated group. Furthermore, no significant alterations were measured in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the serum creatinine (Cr) in the SEAC treated group relative to the vehicle treated group. Moreover, the specific pathological features induced by most toxic compounds were not observed upon liver and kidney histological analysis. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that SEAC does not induce any specific toxicity in the livers and kidneys of male and female ICR mice at doses of 600 mg/kg body weight/day.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Titrated Extract of Centella asiatica in Phthalic Anhydride-Induced Allergic Dermatitis Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040738. [PMID: 28358324 PMCID: PMC5412323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-dermatitic effect has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the anti-dermatitic effects of titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) in a phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) animal model as well as in vitro model. An AD-like lesion was induced by the topical application of five percent PA to the dorsal skin or ear of Hos:HR-1 mouse. After AD induction, 100 μL of 0.2% and 0.4% of TECA (40 μg or 80 μg/cm2) was spread on the dorsum of the ear or back skin three times a week for four weeks. We evaluated dermatitis severity, histopathological changes and changes in protein expression by Western blotting for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and NF-κB activity, which were determined by electromobility shift assay (EMSA). We also measured TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IgE concentration in the blood of AD mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TECA treatment attenuated the development of PA-induced atopic dermatitis. Histological analysis showed that TECA inhibited hyperkeratosis, mast cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. TECA treatment inhibited expression of iNOS and COX-2, and NF-κB activity as well as the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IgE. In addition, TECA (1, 2, 5 μg/mL) potently inhibited Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL)-induced NO production, expression of iNOS and COX-2, and NF-κB DNA binding activities in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Our data demonstrated that TECA could be a promising agent for AD by inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
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Lee HA, Koh EK, Sung JE, Kim JE, Song SH, Kim DS, Son HJ, Lee CY, Lee HS, Bae CJ, Hwang DY. Ethyl acetate extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis exerts anti‑inflammatory effects in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells by regulating COX‑2/iNOS, inflammatory cytokine expression, MAP kinase pathways, the cell cycle and anti-oxidant activity. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1613-1623. [PMID: 28260011 PMCID: PMC5364973 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinesis (A. cochinchinesis) is a medicine traditionally used to treat fever, cough, kidney disease, breast cancer, inflammatory disease and brain disease in northeast Asian countries. Although numerous studies of the anti-inflammatory effects of A. cochinchinesis have been conducted, the underlying mechanisms of such effects in macrophages remain to be demonstrated. To investigate the mechanism of suppressive effects on the inflammatory response in macrophages, alterations of the nitric oxide (NO) level, the cell viability, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels, inflammatory cytokine expression, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells following treatment with ethyl acetate extract from A. cochinchinesis root (EaEAC). RAW264.7 cells pretreated two different concentrations of EaEAC prior to LPS treatment exhibited no significant toxicity. The concentration of NO was significantly decreased in the EaEAC + LPS treated group compared with the vehicle + LPS treated group. A similar decrease in mRNA transcript level of COX-2, iNOS, pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β] and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) was detected in the EaEAC + LPS treated group compared with the vehicle + LPS treated group, although the decrease rate varied. Enhancement of the phosphorylation of MAPK family members following LPS treatment was partially rescued in the EaEAC pretreated group, and the cell cycle was arrested at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, the EaEAC pretreated group exhibited a reduced level of ROS generation compared with the vehicle + LPS treated group. Taken together, these results suggest that EaEAC suppresses inflammatory responses through inhibition of NO production, COX-2 expression and ROS production, as well as differential regulation of inflammatory cytokines and cell cycle in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, these results provide strong evidence to suggest that EaEAC may be considered as an important candidate for the treatment of particular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Lee
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Koh
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Sung
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Song
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Seob Kim
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Joo Son
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Yeoul Lee
- Gangrim Organics, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seob Lee
- College of Human Ecology, Pusan National University, Busan 609‑735, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Joon Bae
- Biologics Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Chungcheongbukdo 361‑951, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnamdo 627‑706, Republic of Korea
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Jalsrai A, Numakawa T, Kunugi H, Dieterich D, Becker A. The neuroprotective effects and possible mechanism of action of a methanol extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis: In vitro and in vivo studies. Neuroscience 2016; 322:452-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Therapeutic effect of ethyl acetate extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis on phthalic anhydride-induced skin inflammation. Lab Anim Res 2016; 32:34-45. [PMID: 27051441 PMCID: PMC4816995 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2016.32.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinensis has been used to treat various diseases including fever, cough, kidney disease, breast cancer, inflammatory disease and brain disease, while IL-4 cytokine has been considered as key regulator on the skin homeostasis and the predisposition toward allergic skin inflammation. However, few studies have investigated its effects and IL-4 correlation on skin inflammation to date. To quantitatively evaluate the suppressive effects of ethyl acetate extracts of A. cochinchinensis (EaEAC) on phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced skin inflammation and investigate the role of IL-4 during their action mechanism, alterations in general phenotype biomarkers and luciferase-derived signals were measured in IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 transgenic (Tg) mice with PA-induced skin inflammation after treatment with EaEAC for 2 weeks. Key phenotype markers including lymph node weight, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, epidermis thickness and number of infiltrated mast cells were significantly decreased in the PA+EaEAC treated group compared with the PA+Vehicle treated group. In addition, expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was also decreased in the PA+EaEAC cotreated group, compared to PA+Vehicle treated group. Furthermore, a significant decrease in the luciferase signal derived from IL-4 promoter was detected in the abdominal region, submandibular lymph node and mesenteric lymph node of the PA+EaEAC treated group, compared to PA+Vehicle treated group. Taken together, these results suggest that EaEAC treatment could successfully improve PA-induced skin inflammation of IL-4/Luc/CNS-1 Tg mice, and that IL-4 cytokine plays a key role in the therapeutic process of EaEAC.
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Lee JH, Lim HJ, Lee CW, Son KH, Son JK, Lee SK, Kim HP. Methyl Protodioscin from the Roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis Attenuates Airway Inflammation by Inhibiting Cytokine Production. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:640846. [PMID: 26379748 PMCID: PMC4562339 DOI: 10.1155/2015/640846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to find pharmacologically active compound against airway inflammation from the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis. The 70% ethanol extract of the roots of A. cochinchinensis (ACE) was found to inhibit IL-6 production from IL-1β-treated lung epithelial cells (A549) and the major constituent, methyl protodioscin (MP), also strongly inhibited the production of IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α from A549 cells at 10-100 μM. This downregulating effect of proinflammatory cytokine production was found to be mediated, at least in part, via inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun activation pathway. When examined on an in vivo model of airway inflammation in mice, lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury, ACE, and MP significantly inhibited cell infiltration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by the oral treatment at doses of 100-400 mg/kg and 30-60 mg/kg, respectively. MP also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lung tissue. All of these findings provide scientific evidence supporting the role of A. cochinchinensis as a herbal remedy in treating airway inflammation and also suggest a therapeutic value of MP on airway inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Jai Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Keun Son
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Yoon HS, Shin JH, Kang MJ. Quality Characteristics of Sausage Prepared with Black Garlic Extract and Dried Powder of Specialized Crops Cultivated in Namhae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.9724/kfcs.2014.30.4.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jian R, Zeng KW, Li J, Li N, Jiang Y, Tu P. Anti-neuroinflammatory constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis. Fitoterapia 2013; 84:80-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yang Y, Shen YK, Zhou XM, Fu XQ, Mao WM, Dong LW, Wang J, Cheng GM. Effect of Yiqi Bufei recipe [see text] on patients with pulmonary incompetence after pneumonectomy. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 17:898-902. [PMID: 21805296 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Yiqi Bufei Recipe ([see text], YBR) on surgical tolerability, pulmonary compensatory function and post-operation rehabilitation in patients with pulmonary incompetence (PI) after pneumonectomy. METHODS YBR intervention was applied to 60 patients with PI after pneumonectomy (as test group), the pulmonary and cardiac functions changes before and after operation, occurrence of postoperative complications, mortality, and the number of hospitalization days and intensive care unit (ICU) confinement period were observed. Meantime, for the negative and positive controls, the same parameters were observed comparatively in 60 patients with normal lung function, and in 60 patients with PI undergoing a similar operation but untreated with Chinese herbs. RESULTS Lung function in the test group showed insignificant change before and after operation (P >0.05), while significant decrease was seen in the two control groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the incidences of post-operation complications and mortality as well as the number of hospitalization days and the ICU confinement period in the test group were significantly lower than those in the positive control group respectively (P <0.05). CONCLUSION YBR could relieve lung injury after pneumonectomy, improve surgical tolerability, reduce the length of postoperative hospitalization days and ICU confinement period, and lower the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality in patients with PI after pneumonectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Jeong HJ, Choi IY, Kim MH, Kim HM, Moon PD, Hong JW, Kim SH. Chungsim-Yeunja-Tang decreases the inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with cerebral infarction through an NF-κB dependent mechanism. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:85. [PMID: 21108840 PMCID: PMC3009630 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chungsim-Yeunja-Tang (CYT) has been used as a medicine for cerebral infarction (CI) patients in Korea. The objective of this study was to determine precisely the effect of CYT on CI patients using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods For a clinical study, 47 CI patients were identified who had taken CYT (0.01 g/kg) 3 times a day after meals for 2 weeks by oral administration. For ex vivo experiments, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from CI patients. We analyzed the effect of CYT and its main components on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production and mechanism on PBMCs of CI patients by using ELISA, western blot analysis, transcription factor enzyme-linked immunoassay, and caspase assay. Results Clinical signs of CI significantly disappeared about 2 weeks after oral administration of CYT to CI patients (P < 0.05). CYT and quercetin, an active compound of CYT, significantly inhibited LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production and expression in PBMCs. CYT and quercetin also inhibited LPS-induced nuclear translocation and DNA binding activities of nuclear factor-κB and degradation of IκBα. In addition, CYT and quercetin inhibited LPS-induced IL-32 expression and caspase-1 activation. Conclusion These results suggest a mechanism that might explain the beneficial effect of CYT in treating CI patients. Taken together, our findings indicate that inhibition of IL-32 expression and caspase-1 activation may be a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target in CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Kim NH, Kang IC, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Evaluation of Moon-tang on allergic reactions. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 33:384-90. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2010.522194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sethi G, Sung B, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB. Targeting TNF for Treatment of Cancer and Autoimmunity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 647:37-51. [PMID: 19760065 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-89520-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was first isolated two decades ago as a macrophageproduced protein that can effectively kill tumor cells. TNF-alpha is also an essential component of the immune system and is required for hematopoiesis, for protection from bacterial infection and for immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Extensive research, however, has revealed that TNF-alpha is one of the major players in tumor initiation, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. The proinflammatory activities link TNF-alpha with a wide variety of autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, diabetes and ankylosing spondylitis. Systemic inhibitors of TNF such as etanercept (Enbrel) (a soluble TNF receptor) and infliximab (Remicade) and adalimumab (Humira) (anti-TNF antibodies) have been approved for the treatment inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. These drugs, however, exhibit severe side effects and are expensive. Hence orally active blockers of TNF-alpha that are safe, efficacious and inexpensive are urgently needed. Numerous products from fruits, vegetable and traditional medicinal plants have been described which can suppress TNF expression and TNF signaling but their clinical potential is yet uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Sethi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 143, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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Lee DY, Choo BK, Yoon T, Cheon MS, Lee HW, Lee AY, Kim HK. Anti-inflammatory effects of Asparagus cochinchinensis extract in acute and chronic cutaneous inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 121:28-34. [PMID: 18691647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF STUDY Although Asparagus cochinchinensis Merrill (Liliaceae) has long been used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, the underlying mechanism(s) by which these effects are induced remains to be defined. We investigated the effects of 70% ethanolic extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis Merrill (ACE) on skin inflammation in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta), activation of myeloperoxidase, and histological assessment were examined in acute and chronic skin inflammation using 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema. We also performed acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test. RESULTS ACE inhibited topical edema in the mouse ear, following administration at 200mg/kg (i.p.), leading to substantial reductions in skin thickness and tissue weight, inflammatory cytokine production, neutrophil-mediated myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and various histopathological indicators. Furthermore, ACE was effective at reducing inflammatory damage induced by chronic TPA exposure and evoked a significant inhibition of vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in mice. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that ACE is an effective anti-inflammatory agent in murine phorbol ester-induced dermatitis, and suggest that the compound may have therapeutic potential in a variety of immune-related cutaneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeon Lee
- Department of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Exporo, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
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22
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Mohamed MA. Spirostanol Saponins from Asparagus sprengeri and Their Molluscicidal Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new spirostane saponins namely (25 R)-6α-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-5α-spirostan-3β-yl β-D-galactopyranoside (1) and (25 R)-6α-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-27-hydroxy-5α-spirostan-3β-yl β-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with three known metabolites (25 S)-5β-spirostan-3-β-yl O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (25 R)-5α-spirostan-3-β-yl O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4) and (25 R)-5α-spirostan-3-β-yl O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)- O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)]- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glactopyranoside (5) were identified from the leaves of Asparagus sprengeri Regel (Asparagaceae). Determination of the structures was based on chemical and spectroscopic data (HRESI-MS/MSn, 1H, DEPT 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC). The dry powder, the 1-butanol extract of the leaves, and the isolated compounds (3–5) exhibited molluscicidal properties against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails (the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni) [LC90 = 150, 40, 7, 10 and 13 ppm, respectively], while compounds 1 and 2 were molluscicidally inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Mohamed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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23
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Ko KM, Leung HY. Enhancement of ATP generation capacity, antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory activities by Chinese Yang and Yin tonifying herbs. Chin Med 2007; 2:3. [PMID: 17386115 PMCID: PMC1847515 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese tonifying herbs such as Herba Cistanche, Ganoderma and Cordyceps, which possess antioxidant and/or immunomodulatory activities, can be useful in the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. Pharmacological studies on Yang and Yin tonifying herbs suggest that Yang tonifying herbs stimulate mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, presumably through the intermediacy of reactive oxidant species, leading to the enhancement of cellular/mitochondrial antioxidant status. Yin tonifying herbs, however, apart from possessing antioxidant properties, exert mainly immunomodulatory functions that may boost a weak immune system and may also suppress overreactive immune responses. The abilities of Yang and Yin Chinese tonifying herbs to enhance ATP generation and to exhibit antioxidant and/or immunomodulatory actions are the pharmacological basis for their beneficial effects on the retardation of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Ming Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Department of Biochemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Kim HM, Hong SH, Lee OY, Kang HW, Lee CM, Lim KS, Lee KC, Park ST, Lee SJ, Lyu YS, An NH. SunghyangJungki-San Ga Pogongyoung inhibits IL-1 mediated tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion in astrocytes. Phytother Res 2002; 16:248-52. [PMID: 12164270 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes play an important role in initiating and modulating inflammatory responses within the central nervous system (CNS). Extensive studies in rodents have shown that substance P induces inflammatory cytokine production in astrocytes. In this study we have examined whether an aqueous extract of SunghyangJungki-San Ga Pogongyoung (SSGP) inhibits the secretion of TNF-alpha from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. SSGP (10-1,000 microg/mL) significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha secretion by astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and substance P (SP). Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore examined whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha secretion from primary astrocytes by SSGP. Treatment with SSGP (10-1,000 microg/mL) to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 secretion significantly. Moreover, the secretion of TNF-alpha by LPS and SP in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with an increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that SSGP may inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that SSGP has an antiinflammatory activity in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea
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25
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Kim HM, Shin HY, Lee SP, Ryu ST, Shin TY, Chae HJ, Kim HR, Lyu YS, Lim KS. Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion from rat astrocytes by Sesim-Tang. Phytother Res 2002; 16:28-32. [PMID: 11807961 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) can stimulate secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we have examined whether an aqueous extract of Sesim-Tang inhibits the secretion of TNF-alpha from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. Sesim-Tang (10-1000 microg/mL) significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha secretion by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and SP. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore examined whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha secretion from primary astrocytes by Sesim-Tang. Treatment with Sesim-Tang (10-1000 microg/mL) of astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 secretion significantly. Moreover, the secretion of TNF-alpha by LPS and SP in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amounts of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that Sesim-Tang may inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that Sesim-Tang has an antiinflammatory activity in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Center of Oriental Medicinal Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749.
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26
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Kim HM, Shin TY. Inhibitory effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion from rat astrocytes by Chilbokeum. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2001; 23:97-106. [PMID: 11322653 DOI: 10.1081/iph-100102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) can stimulate secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we have examined whether an aqueous extract of Chilbokeum inhibits secretion of TNF-alpha from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. Chilbokeum (10 microg/ml) significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha secretion by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and SP. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore examined whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha secretion from primary astrocytes by Chilbokeum. Treatment of Chilbokeum (10 and 100 microg/ml) to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 secretion significantly. Moreover, the secretion of TNF-alpha by LPS and SP in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that Chilbokeum may inhibit TNF-alpha secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that Chilbokeum has an antiinflammatory activity in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Center of Oriental Medicinal Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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Koo HN, Jeong HJ, Choi JY, Choi SD, Choi TJ, Cheon YS, Kim KS, Kang BK, Park ST, Chang CH, Kim CH, Lee YM, Kim HM, An NH, Kim JJ. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis by Asparagus cochinchinensis in Hep G2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2000; 73:137-143. [PMID: 11025149 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A human hepatoma cell line, Hep G2 cells, is a reliable system for the study of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis(MERRIL) (Liliaceae) roots (ACAE) on ethanol (EtOH)-induced cytotoxicity in Hep G2 cells. ACAE (1-100 microg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the EtOH-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion. ACAE (1-100 microg/ml) also inhibited the EtOH and TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we found that ACAE inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis of Hep G2 cells. These results suggest that ACAE may prevent the EtOH-induced cytotoxicity through inhibition of the apoptosis of Hep G2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Koo
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Center of Oriental Medicinal Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 570-749, Chonbuk, South Korea
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28
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Kim HM, Shin HY, Lim KH, Ryu ST, Shin TY, Chae HJ, Kim HR, Lyu YS, An NH, Lim KS. Taraxacum officinale inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from rat astrocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2000; 22:519-30. [PMID: 10946829 DOI: 10.3109/08923970009026009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) can stimulate production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of Taraxacum officinale (TO) on the production of TNF-alpha from primary cultures of rat astrocytes. TO (100 and 1000 microg/ml) significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha production by astrocytes stimulated with LPS and SP. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha production from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore examined whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha production from primary astrocytes by TO. Treatment of TO (100 and 1000 microg/ml) to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS and SP decreased IL-1 production significantly. Moreover, the production of TNF-alpha by LPS and SP in astrocytes was progressively inhibited with increasing amount of IL-1 neutralizing antibody. Our results suggest that TO may inhibit TNF-alpha production by inhibiting IL-1 production and that TO has an antiinflammatory activity in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Center of Oriental Medicinal Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, South Korea.
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Kim HM, An CS, Jung KY, Choo YK, Park JK, Nam SY. Rehmannia glutinosa inhibits tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 secretion from mouse astrocytes. Pharmacol Res 1999; 40:171-6. [PMID: 10433877 DOI: 10.1006/phrs.1999.0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether an aqueous extract of Rehmannia glutinosa steamed root (RGAE) inhibits secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) from primary cultures of mouse astrocytes. RGAE dose-dependently inhibited the TNF-alpha secretion by astrocytes stimulated with substance P (SP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IL-1 has been shown to elevate TNF-alpha secretion from LPS-stimulated astrocytes while having no effect on astrocytes in the absence of LPS. We therefore investigated whether IL-1 mediated inhibition of TNF-alpha secretion from astrocytes by RGAE. Treatment of RGAE to astrocytes stimulated with both LPS+SP decreased IL-1 secretion. Moreover, incubation of astrocytes with IL-1 antibody abolished the synergistic cooperative effect of LPS+SP. These results suggest that RGAE may inhibits TNF-alpha secretion by inhibiting IL-1 secretion and that RGAE has an anti-inflammatory activity in the central nervous system curing some pathological disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
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