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Cao L, Yao H, Yu L, Ren Y, Liu J, Li X, Jia X. The synthesis and evaluation of sulfonamide derivatives target EGFR790M/L858R mutations and ALK rearrangement as anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 85:117241. [PMID: 37087886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen new compounds bearing sulfonamide groups that target EGFRT790M/L858R mutations and ALK rearrangement were synthesized and evaluated as dual-target tumor inhibitors. The study on the anti-proliferation activity on cancer cells showed that the sulfonamide derivative with pyrimidine nucleus had much better activities compared with those with quinazoline nucleus. Among them, compound 19e exhibited excellent activity against H1975 cancer cell lines (EGFRT790M/L858R high express) and H2228 cells (ALK rearrangement) with the IC50 values of 0.0215 μM and 0.011 μM, respectively. The ALK and EGFR kinase inhibition assays also provided similar results. Genotype selectivity of EGFR on kinase and cell level, cytotoxicity towards human normal cell lines and cell morphology assay implied that 19e had acceptable selectivity and low toxicity. In addition, the inhibitory activity of 19e on H1975 and H2228 cells cloning and its apoptosis-inducing effect on the two cell lines were studied, and its inhibitory effect on the invasion and migration of tumor cells were also investigated. All the results show that 19e is worthy of further study.
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An efficient synthesis of 4-Thiocyanato anilines using benzyltrimethylammonium dichloroiodate and ammonium thiocyanate in DMSO:H2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Küçükbay H, Gönül Z, Küçükbay FZ, Angeli A, Bartolucci G, Supuran CT. Preparation, carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity of novel 7-amino-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives incorporating mono or dipeptide moiety. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1021-1026. [PMID: 32297533 PMCID: PMC7178833 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1751620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
New dipeptide–dihydroquinolinone derivatives were successfully synthesised by benzotriazole mediated nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and analytic techniques. The carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity of the new compounds was determined against four human (h) isoforms, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII. While all compounds showed moderate to good in vitro CA inhibitory properties against hCA IX and hCA XII with inhibition constants in the micromolar level (37.7–86.8 and 2.0–8.6 µM, respectively), they did not show inhibitory activity against hCA I and hCA II up to 100 µM concentration. The antioxidant capacity of the peptide–dihydroquinolinone conjugates was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Most of the synthesised compounds showed low antioxidant activities compared to the control antioxidant compounds BHA and α-tocopherol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Küçükbay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Gönül
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - F Zehra Küçükbay
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione Di Scienze Farmaceutiche E Nutraceutiche e Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Cuffaro D, Nuti E, Rossello A. An overview of carbohydrate-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1906-1922. [PMID: 33078634 PMCID: PMC7717713 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1825409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are metalloenzymes responsible for the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, a fundamental reaction involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In the last decades, CAs have been considered as important drug targets for different pathologies such as glaucoma, epilepsy and cancer. The design of potent and selective inhibitors has been an outstanding goal leading to the discovery of new drugs. Among the different strategies developed to date, the design of carbohydrate-based CA inhibitors (CAIs) has emerged as a versatile tool in order to selectively target CAs. The insertion of a glycosyl moiety as a hydrophilic tail in sulfonamide, sulfenamide, sulfamate or coumarin scaffolds allowed the discovery of many different series of sugar-based CAIs, with relevant inhibitory results. This review will focus on carbohydrate-based CAIs developed so far, classifying them in glycosidic and glycoconjugated inhibitors based on the conjugation chemistry adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Buğday N, Küçükbay FZ, Küçükbay H, Bua S, Bartolucci G, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Supuran CT. Synthesis of novel dipeptide sulfonamide conjugates with effective carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX, and XII inhibitory properties. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:311-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chiaramonte N, Romanelli MN, Teodori E, Supuran CT. Amino Acids as Building Blocks for Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Metabolites 2018; 8:E36. [PMID: 29795039 PMCID: PMC6027070 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a superfamily of metalloenzymes widespread in all life, classified into seven genetically different families (α⁻θ). These enzymes catalyse the reversible hydration of carbonic anhydride (CO₂), generating bicarbonate (HCO₃-) and protons (H⁺). Fifteen isoforms of human CA (hCA I⁻XV) have been isolated, their presence being fundamental for the regulation of many physiological processes. In addition, overexpression of some isoforms has been associated with the outbreak or progression of several diseases. For this reason, for a long time CA inhibitors (CAIs) have been used in the control of glaucoma and as diuretics. Furthermore, the search for new potential CAIs for other pharmacological applications is a very active field. Amino acids constitute the smallest fundamental monomers of protein and, due to their useful bivalent chemical properties, are widely used in organic chemistry. Both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids have been extensively used to synthesize CAIs. This article provides an overview of the different strategies that have been used to design new CAIs containing amino acids, and how these bivalent molecules influence the properties of the inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Chiaramonte
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Teodori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Hou Z, Lin B, Bao Y, Yan HN, Zhang M, Chang XW, Zhang XX, Wang ZJ, Wei GF, Cheng MS, Liu Y, Guo C. Dual-tail approach to discovery of novel carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors by simultaneously matching the hydrophobic and hydrophilic halves of the active site. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 132:1-10. [PMID: 28334643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dual-tail approach was employed to design novel Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitors by simultaneously matching the hydrophobic and hydrophilic halves of the active site, which also contains a zinc ion as part of the catalytic center. The classic sulfanilamide moiety was used as the zinc binding group. An amino glucosamine fragment was chosen as the hydrophilic part and a cinnamamide fragment as the hydrophobic part in order to draw favorable interactions with the corresponding halves of the active site. In comparison with sulfanilamide which is largely devoid of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions with the two halves of the active site, the compounds so designed and synthesized in this study showed 1000-fold improvement in binding affinity. Most of the compounds inhibited the CA effectively with IC50 values in the range of 7-152 nM. Compound 14e (IC50: 7 nM) was more effective than the reference drug acetazolamide (IC50: 30 nM). The results proved that the dual-tail approach to simultaneously matching the hydrophobic and hydrophilic halves of the active site by linking hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments was useful for designing novel CA inhibitors. The effectiveness of those compounds was elucidated by both the experimental data and molecular docking simulations. This work laid a solid foundation for further development of novel CA IX inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Yu Bao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hai-Ning Yan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Xiao-Wei Chang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Zi-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Gao-Fei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Mao-Sheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China.
| | - Chun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design and Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 China.
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Hillebrecht A, Supuran CT, Klebe G. Integrated approach using protein and ligand information to analyze selectivity- and affinity-determining features of carbonic anhydrase isozymes. ChemMedChem 2006; 1:839-53. [PMID: 16902938 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The application and comparison of selected protein- and ligand-based approaches to elucidate factors important for affinity and selectivity towards the carbonic anhydrase isozymes I, II, and IV are described. Carbonic anhydrases are abundant in pro- and eukaryotes. These enzymes catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and H(+) ions and are thus involved in many important physiological and pathophysiological processes. Due to the fact that the human carbonic anhydrase family consists of 16 closely related isozymes, the design of selective inhibitors is a special challenge for medicinal chemists. In order to extract selectivity-determining features, we applied purely ligand-based 3D QSAR techniques as well as qualitative comparative molecular field analyses of the targets' binding sites using consensus principal component analysis (CPCA). The dataset for the QSAR studies was deliberately compiled from 1,748 inhibitors and comprises about 140 ligands, mainly of the sulfonamide type. Additionally, we employed the novel AFMoC approach, which intrinsically combines protein and ligand information. The simultaneous use of these different techniques gives deeper insight into selectivity and affinity-determining features and provides quantitative models for prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hillebrecht
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Agrawal VK, Banerji M, Gupta M, Singh J, Khadikar PV, Supuran CT. QSAR study on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: water-soluble sulfonamides incorporating β-alanyl moieties, possessing long lasting-intra ocular pressure lowering properties—a molecular connectivity approach. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:1002-12. [PMID: 15961191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2004] [Revised: 04/08/2005] [Accepted: 04/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A QSAR study on a series of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors, and more precisely on water-soluble sulfonamides incorporating beta-alanyl moieties, possessing long lasting intra-ocular pressure lowering properties, was carried out using a series of distance-based topological indices. The regression analysis has shown that out of the pool of topological indices used, the 1chi (first-order Randic connectivity index) is the best one for modeling CA inhibitory properties against all three investigated isozymes, the cytosolic CA I, CA II and the membrane-bound CA IV, and that excellent results are obtained in multiparametric regressions. The results are critically discussed on the basis of statistical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Agrawal
- QSAR and Computer Chemical Laboratories, A.P.S. University, Rewa 486 003, India.
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Pastorekova S, Casini A, Scozzafava A, Vullo D, Pastorek J, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: the first selective, membrane-impermeant inhibitors targeting the tumor-associated isozyme IX. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:869-73. [PMID: 15012984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2003] [Revised: 12/03/2003] [Accepted: 12/03/2003] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition of the tumor-associated transmembrane carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) isozyme possessing an extracellular active site has been investigated with a series of positively-charged, pyridinium derivatives of sulfanilamide, homosulfanilamide and 4-aminoethylbenzenesulfonamide. Inhibition data for the physiologically relevant isozymes I and II (cytosolic forms) and IV (membrane-bound) were also provided for comparison. A very interesting inhibition profile against CA IX with these sulfonamides has been observed. Several nanomolar (K(i)'s in the range of 6-54 nM) CA IX inhibitors have also been detected. Because CA IX is a highly active isozyme predominantly expressed in tumor tissues with bad prognosis of disease progression, this finding is very promising for the potential design of CA IX-specific inhibitors with applications as anti-tumor agents. This is the first report of inhibitors that may selectively target CA IX, due to their membrane-impermeability and high affinity for this clinically relevant isozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pastorekova
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 842 45 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Abstract
At least 14 different carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms were isolated in higher vertebrates, where these zinc enzymes play crucial physiological roles. Some of these isozymes are cytosolic (CA I, CA II, CA III, CA VII), others are membrane-bound (CA IV, CA IX, CA XII, and CA XIV), CA V is mitochondrial and CA VI is secreted in saliva. Three acatalytic forms are also known, which are denominated CA related proteins (CARP), CARP VIII, CARP X, and CARP XI. Several important physiological and physio-pathological functions are played by many CA isozymes, which are strongly inhibited by aromatic and heterocyclic sulfonamides as well as inorganic, metal complexing anions. The catalytic and inhibition mechanisms of these enzymes are understood in detail, and this helped the design of potent inhibitors, some of which possess important clinical applications. The use of such enzyme inhibitors as antiglaucoma drugs will be discussed in detail, together with the recent developments that led to isozyme-specific and organ-selective inhibitors. A recent discovery is connected with the involvement of CAs and their sulfonamide inhibitors in cancer: several potent sulfonamide inhibitors inhibited the growth of a multitude of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, thus constituting interesting leads for developing novel antitumor therapies. Furthermore, some other classes of compounds that interact with CAs have recently been discovered, some of which possess modified sulfonamide or hydroxamate moieties. Some sulfonamides have also applications as diagnostic tools, in PET and MRI or as antiepileptics or for the treatment of other neurological disorders. Future prospects for drug design applications for inhibitors of these ubiquitous enzymes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento di Chimica, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Rm 188, Polo Scientifico, 50019-Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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