1
|
Niu Y, Lin G, Pan J, Liu J, Xu Y, Cai Q, Wang T, Luan Y, Chen Y, Feng Y, Yang X, Tian W, Bae WJ, Guan R, Xin Z. Deciphering the myth of icariin and synthetic derivatives in improving erectile function from a molecular biology perspective: a narrative review. Transl Androl Urol 2022; 11:1007-1022. [PMID: 35958901 PMCID: PMC9360520 DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Although epimedium herb (EH) has been widely used in ancient Chinese medicine to enhance sexual activity, its pharmacological mechanism is not clear. Modern studies have shown that epimedium herb is rich in icariin (ICA, a flavonoid compound), and 91.2% of icariin is converted to icariside II (ICA II) by hydrolytic enzymes in intestinal bacteria after oral administration. YS-10 is a synthetic derivative of icariside II. The aim of this review was to summarize the contemporary evidence regarding the pharmacokinetics, therapeutic properties, and molecular biological mechanisms of ICA and some ICA derivatives for erectile dysfunction therapy. Methods A detailed search was conducted in the PubMed database using keywords and phrases, such as “icariin” AND “erectile dysfunction”, “icariside II” AND “erectile dysfunction”. The publication time is limited to last 20 years. Articles had to be published in peer reviewed journals. Key Content and Findings ICA and its some derivatives showed the specific inhibition on phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) and the promotion of testosterone synthesis. In addition, by regulating various reliable evidence of signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, TGFβ1/Smad2, p38/MAPK, Wnt and secretion of various cytokines, ICA and ICA derivatives can activate endogenous stem cells (ESCs) leading to endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell proliferation, nerve regeneration and fibrosis inhibition, repair pathological changes in penile tissue and improve erectile function. Conclusions ICA and some of its derivatives could be a potential treatment for restoring spontaneous erections. In addition ICA and his derivatives may also be valuable as a regenerative medicine approach for other diseases, but more clinical and basic researches with high quality and large samples are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jiancheng Pan
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongde Xu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Feng
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjie Tian
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wong Jin Bae
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ruili Guan
- Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongcheng Xin
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,China-Korea Joint Research Center for Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.,Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Liu Z, Luo Y, Li X, Huang G, Chen H, Li A, Qin S. The Role of Flavonoids in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:849513. [PMID: 35462886 PMCID: PMC9019748 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.849513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in developing bone tissue engineered constructs due to their osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential. MSC-based tissue engineered constructs are generally considered a safe procedure, however, the long-term results obtained up to now are far from satisfactory. The main causes of these therapeutic limitations are inefficient homing, engraftment, and directional differentiation. Flavonoids are a secondary metabolite, widely existed in nature and have many biological activities. For a long time, researchers have confirmed the anti-osteoporosis effect of flavonoids through in vitro cell experiments, animal studies. In recent years the regulatory effects of flavonoids on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation have been received increasingly attention. Recent studies revealed flavonoids possess the ability to modulate self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs. In order to facilitate further research on MSCs osteogenic differentiation of flavonoids, we surveyed the literature published on the use of flavonoids in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and summarized their pharmacological activities as well as the underlying mechanisms, aimed to explore their promising therapeutic application in bone disorders and bone tissue engineered constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Luo
- School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Qin
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu Y, Ye L, Cai X, Li Z, Fan Y, Yang F. Icariin-Loaded Hydrogel Regulates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenic Differentiation and Promotes Cartilage Repair in Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:755260. [PMID: 35223781 PMCID: PMC8864219 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.755260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells is a potential therapeutic strategy for cartilage protection and symptom relief for osteoarthritis (OA). However, controlling chondrogenesis of the implanted cells in the articular cavity remains a challenge. In this study, hydrogels containing different concentrations of icariin were prepared by in situ crosslinking of hyaluronic acid and Poloxamer 407. This injectable and thermoresponsive hydrogel, as a 3D cell culture system, showed good biocompatibility with chondrocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), as well as promoted proliferation and chondrogenesis of BMSCs through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Intra-articular injection of this kind of BMSC-loaded composite hydrogel can significantly prevent cartilage destruction by inducing chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and relieve pain through regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10 and MMP-13) in the OA model. Incorporating BMSCs into this novel icariin-loaded hydrogel indicates a more superior efficacy than the single BMSC injection, which suggests a great potential for its application in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ye
- Department of Pain, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxi Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Department of Pain, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqian Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengjian Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ji W, Sun X. Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through regulating forkhead box F1/Wnt/β-Catenin axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:583-592. [PMID: 34967263 PMCID: PMC8805827 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is characterized by inadequate bone formation of osteoblasts and excessive bone resorption of osteoclasts. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), with the potential of osteogenic differentiation, have been widely used in the bone tissues engineering for the treatment of bone diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) has been reported to be implicated in bone formation during the development of Rett syndrome. However, the influence of MeCP2 on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during osteoporosis remains unclear. Firstly, mice model with estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis was established through ovariectomy (OVX). MeCP2 was found to be down-regulated in bone tissues and BMSCs of OVX-induced osteoporosis mice. Secondly, over-expression of MeCP2 enhanced the calcium deposition of BMSCs isolated from the OVX-induced osteoporosis mice. Moreover, expression of osteogenic biomarkers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), and osteocalcin (OCN) was increased in BMSCs by overexpression of MeCP2. Thirdly, over-expression of MeCP2 reduced protein expression of forkhead box F1 (FOXF1) and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), while enhanced Wnt5a and β-catenin expression in BMSCs. Over-expression of FOXF1 attenuated MeCP2 over-expression-induced decrease of FOXF1 and APC, as well as increase of Wnt5a and β-catenin. Finally, the increased calcium deposition, protein expression of ALP, RUNX2COL1A1 and OCN induced by concomitant overexpression of MeCP2 were also restored by FOXF1 over-expression. In conclusion, MeCP2 promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through regulating FOXF1/Wnt/β-Catenin axis to attenuate osteoporosis. MeCP2 over-expression reduced FOXF1 to promote the activation of Wnt5a/β-Catenin and promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramesh P, Jagadeesan R, Sekaran S, Dhanasekaran A, Vimalraj S. Flavonoids: Classification, Function, and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Bone Remodelling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:779638. [PMID: 34887836 PMCID: PMC8649804 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.779638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds spotted in various fruits, vegetables, barks, tea plants, and stems and many more natural commodities. They have a multitude of applications through their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic properties, along with the ability to assist in the stimulation of bone formation. Bone, a rigid connective body tissue made up of cells embedded in a mineralised matrix is maintained by an assemblage of pathways assisting osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. These have a significant impact on a plethora of bone diseases. The homeostasis between osteoblast and osteoclast formation decides the integrity and structure of the bone. The flavonoids discussed here are quercetin, kaempferol, icariin, myricetin, naringin, daidzein, luteolin, genistein, hesperidin, apigenin and several other flavonoids. The effects these flavonoids have on the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-kβ), Wnt/β-catenin and bone morphogenetic protein 2/SMAD (BMP2/SMAD) signalling pathways, and apoptotic pathways lead to impacts on bone remodelling. In addition, these polyphenols regulate angiogenesis, decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines and play a crucial role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Considering these important effects of flavonoids, they may be regarded as a promising agent in treating bone-related ailments in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang R, Bao B, Wang S, Elango J, Wu W. Fabrication of Chinese Traditional Medicines incorporated collagen biomaterials for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111659. [PMID: 33962310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese Traditional Medicines (CTMs) are very popular for therapeutic applications to cure several chronic diseases. Many researchers are trying to discover the potential application and actual mechanism of CTMs in order to scientifically prove their effects for commercial use. One of the main functions of CTMs is to aid stem cell regeneration. Since, this study was focused to fabricate CTMs incorporated fish collagen film, which has good biocompatibility in mammalian cell growth and thus investigated the effect on human Mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation and differentiation. In this study, three types of CTMs such as Genistein, Icariin, and Naringin were used for film fabrication. Mechanical properties of collagen films were improved by the addition of CTMs, especially in Collagen-Naringin films. Solubility and In-vitro biodegradation of collagen films were enhanced by the hydrophobicity and chemical interaction of CTMs with collagen. The proliferation rate was accelerated in hMSCs cultured on CTMs incorporated collagen films in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Proliferation biomarkers such as Ki-67 and BrdU levels were higher in hMSCs cultured on CTMs incorporated collagen films. The proliferative and differentiation effect of CTMs was further confirmed by higher gene expression of Collagen I, Runx2, c-Fos, SMAD3 and TGF-β1 in hMSCs. Overall, this study provides a new insight on novel biomaterial fabrication using CTMs and fish collagen for making a compatible platform for in-vitro stem cell culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Wang
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of icariin on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:578. [PMID: 33267896 PMCID: PMC7709318 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-02076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue engineering technology has been applied extensively for clinical research and human amnion mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) could cause mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into the bone tissue. However, it is necessary to develop and identify the safer appropriate amount of osteogenic inducer. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs. Methods The morphology and phenotype of hAMSCs were discovered by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining. The osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs under the influence of different concentrations of ICA were assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity substrate assay and alizarin red staining. Results MTT assay revealed that the hAMSCs pretreated with ICA exhibited increased proliferation when compared with the control group, and the most optimum concentration of ICA was 1 × 10− 6 mol/L. The combined analysis of ALP activity and ARS staining showed that ICA could significantly promote the osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, and the effect was most significant when the concentration of ICA was 1 × 10− 6 mol/L. Conclusion All the above results implied that ICA could significantly increase proliferation and enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, especially when the concentration of ICA was 1 × 10− 6 mol/L.
Collapse
|
8
|
Saud B, Malla R, Shrestha K. A Review on the Effect of Plant Extract on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7513404. [PMID: 31428160 PMCID: PMC6681598 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7513404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell has immense potential in regenerative cellular therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can become a potential attractive candidate for therapy due to its remarkable ability of self-renewal and differentiation into three lineages, i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Stem cell holds tremendous promises in the field of tissue regeneration and transplantation for disease treatments. Globally, medicinal plants are being used for the treatment and prevention of a variety of diseases. Phytochemicals like naringin, icariin, genistein, and resveratrol obtained from plants have been extensively used in traditional medicine for centuries. Certain bioactive compounds from plants increase the rate of tissue regeneration, differentiation, and immunomodulation. Several studies show that bioactive compounds from plants have a specific role (bioactive mediator) in regulating the rate of cell division and differentiation through complex signal pathways like BMP2, Runx2, and Wnt. The use of plant bioactive phytochemicals may also become promising in treating diseases like osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders, and other tissue degenerative disorders. Thus, the present review article is aimed at highlighting the roles and consequences of plant extracts on MSCs proliferation and desired lineage differentiations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvan Saud
- Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Rajani Malla
- Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Kanti Shrestha
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mechanism of Action of Icariin in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5747298. [PMID: 31089330 PMCID: PMC6476003 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5747298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, femoral head necrosis, and congenital bone defects are orthopedic disorders characterized by reduced bone generation and insufficient bone mass. Bone regenerative therapy primarily relies on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their ability to differentiate osteogenically. Icariin (ICA) is the active ingredient of Herba epimedii, a common herb used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations, and can effectively enhance BMSC proliferation and osteogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism of ICA action in BMSCs is not completely clear. In this review, we provide an overview of the studies on the role and mechanism of action of ICA in BMSCs, to provide greater insights into its potential clinical use in bone regeneration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Peng B, Pan Y, Wang P, Sun K, Lei X, Ou L, Wu Z, Liu X, Wang H, He H, Mo S, Tian Y, Peng X, Zhu X, Zhang R, Yang L. Icariin stimulates osteogenic differentiation and suppresses adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs via estrogen receptor signaling. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3483-3489. [PMID: 30066871 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Icariin (ICA) is a major active ingredient in Herba epimedii, which is commonly used as a Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis. Previous studies have revealed that ICA exerted a protective effect against bone loss and increased bone regeneration; however, the association between ICA and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ICA on rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs). Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays were conducted to measure proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated to assess osteoblast differentiation, and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction as well as western blotting were performed to detect the expression of cellular and molecular markers of osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation. The results demonstrated that treatment of rBMSCs with 10‑6 M ICA stimulated rBMSC proliferation and ALP activity. Furthermore, ICA treatment increased the expression of the osteogenic markers runt‑related transcription factor 2, collagen type 1 and bone morphogenetic Protein 2; however, it also decreased the expression of the adipogenic differentiation markers peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor gamma and CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein α. Treatment of rBMSCs with ICI182780, an ER antagonist, blocked the effects of ICA. Taken together, these findings indicated that ICA may stimulate osteoblast differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation via the activation of the ER signaling pathway. Therefore, ICA has the potential to serve as a therapeutic alternative for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Bojia Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Kehuan Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Lei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhidi Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Haibin He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Shu Mo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ya Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xunqian Peng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gao K, Wang S, Wang Q. [Effect of icariin on serum bone turnover markers expressions and histology changes in mouse osteoarthritis model]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 31:963-969. [PMID: 29806434 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201703044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of icariin (ICA) on serum bone turnover markers expressions and histological changes of cartilage and subchondral bone in mouse osteoarthritis (OA) model. Methods Eighty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mouse were randomly divided into 8 groups ( n=10). The OA model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT). Group A: sham operation/early-stage normal saline administration; group B: sham operation/early-stage ICA administration; group C: ACLT/early-stage normal saline administration; group D: ACLT/early-stage ICA administration; group E: sham operation/late-stage normal saline administration; group F: sham operation/late-stage ICA administration; group G: ACLT/late-stage normal saline administration; group H: ACLT/late-stage ICA administration. Each animal received either ACLT or simply opening joint capsule, respectively. For groups B and D, ICA was given by gavage [10 mg/(kg·day)] on the first day after ACLT. For groups F and H, ICA was given with the same volume at 4 weeks after operation. The blood serum of the mouse was collected and prepared at 8 weeks after operation. Serum bone turnover markers and cytokines, including C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), osteocalcin (OC), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and IL-1β, were measured by ELISA. Tissue samples from the knee were stained by alcian blue/hematoxylin & orange G (AB/H&OG). Histological changes of cartilage and subchondral bone were observed and evaluated by Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system. Results Comparison between each group with early-stage administration (groups A, B, C, and D): Compared with groups A and B, the levels of CTX and OC in group C were significantly reduced ( P<0.05); the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and OARSI score was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with group C, the levels of CTX and OC in group D were significantly increased ( P<0.05); the level of IL-6 was significantly reduced ( P<0.05); the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were not changed ( P>0.05), and OARSI score was significantly reduced ( P<0.05). Histological observation showed that the tibial cartilage loss was significantly improved. Comparison between each group with late-stage administration (groups E, F, G, and H): Compared with groups E and F, the levels of CTX and OC in group G were significantly reduced ( P<0.05); the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and OARSI score were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with group G, the level of CTX in group H were increased ( P<0.05); the levels of OC, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and OARSI score were not changed ( P>0.05). Histological observation showed that the tibial cartilage loss had no changes after late-stage ICA administration. Conclusion ICA plays protective effects on subchondral bone, hyaline, and calcified cartilage. Meanwhile, ICA can improve bone remodeling in subchondral bone of OA to some extent. The consistent changes of serum bone markers and pathological morphology suggest that early intervention of ICA on OA is more effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanda Gao
- Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200080, P.R.China
| | - Shuyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R.China
| | - Qiugen Wang
- Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, 200080,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Z, Wang D, Yang D, Zhen W, Zhang J, Peng S. The effect of icariin on bone metabolism and its potential clinical application. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:535-544. [PMID: 29110063 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4255-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass, which leads to increased risk of bone fractures, and poses a significant risk to public health, especially in the elderly population. The traditional Chinese medicinal herb Epimedii has been utilized for centuries to treat bone fracture and bone loss. Icariin is a prenylated flavonol glycoside isolated from Epimedium herb, and has been shown to be the main bioactive component. This review provides a comprehensive survey of previous studies on icariin, including its structure and function, effect on bone metabolism, and potential for clinical application. These studies show that icariin promotes bone formation by stimulating osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells), while inhibiting osteoclastogenic differentiation and the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. Furthermore, icariin has been shown to be more potent than other flavonoid compounds in promoting osteogenic differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts. A 24-month randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial reported that icariin was effective in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis with relatively low side effects. In conclusion, icariin may represent a class of flavonoids with bone-promoting activity, which could be used as potential treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - D Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - D Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - W Zhen
- Department of Spine Surgery and Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Outpatient Clinics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - S Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery and Institute of Orthopaedic Research, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| |
Collapse
|