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Fawzy M, Ali RR, Elfeil WK, Saleh AA, El-Tarabilli MMA. Efficacy of inactivated velogenic Newcastle disease virus genotype VII vaccine in broiler chickens. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:113-120. [PMID: 32782739 PMCID: PMC7413011 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.95311.2295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) causes severe economic losses in poultry production. Despite the intensive vaccination regimes of NDV in Egypt, many outbreaks are being reported. The present study focused on the preparation and evaluation of inactivated velogenic Newcastle disease virus vaccine (genotype VII) isolated from Egyptian broiler chicken during 2015-2016. Fifty-five tissue samples including trachea, lung, liver, proventriculus, intestine, and kidney collected from commercial broiler chickens were used for virus isolation in specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) and identified using RT-PCR and sequencing. The isolates were classified by sequencing as velogenic NDV genotype VIId containing F0 protein cleavage site motifs (112RRQKRF117). A selected isolate was served as a master seed for the preparation of inactivated NDV vaccine with or without Montanide ISA70 adjuvant and evaluated in SPF chicks. Nine NDV isolates were isolated on ECE and the highest infectivity titer of the virus was 7.50 log10 EID50 mL-1 by the 5th passage. Vaccinated chicks with NDV-Montanide ISA70 adjuvanted vaccine exhibited antibody titer of 5.20 log2 at the 3rd-week-post-vaccination (WPV) with the highest titer (8.90 log2 mL-1) at the 6th-WPV. Protective antibodies values were persisted to 12th WPV followed by a gradual decrease to the end of the experiment (16th weeks). Vaccination of chicks with inactivated NDV isolate without adjuvant failed to induce protective HI antibodies all over the experiment. Chickens vaccinated with the ISA70 adjuvant vaccine were passed homologous challenge tests with 100% protective efficiency, while the unadjuvanted vaccine could not provide any protective efficiency. In conclusion, the preparation of inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine from NDV field circulating strains was efficient in controlling the disease in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fawzy
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Wael Kamel Elfeil
- Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amani Ali Saleh
- Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Lošdorfer Božič A, Šiber A. Electrostatics-Driven Inflation of Elastic Icosahedral Shells as a Model for Swelling of Viruses. Biophys J 2018; 115:822-829. [PMID: 30139522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We develop a clear theoretical description of radial swelling in virus-like particles that delineates the importance of electrostatic contributions to swelling in the absence of any conformational changes. The model couples the elastic parameters of the capsid-represented as a continuous elastic shell-to the electrostatic pressure acting on it. We show that different modifications of the electrostatic interactions brought about by, for instance, changes in pH or solution ionic strength are often sufficient to achieve the experimentally observed swelling (∼10% of the capsid radius). Additionally, we derive analytical expressions for the electrostatics-driven radial swelling of virus-like particles that enable one to quickly estimate the magnitudes of physical quantities involved.
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Halskov KS, Naicker T, Jensen ME, Jørgensen KA. Organocatalytic asymmetric remote aziridination of 2,4-dienals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 49:6382-4. [PMID: 23748437 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43506g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Highly regio- and stereoselective remote aziridination of 2,4-dienals has been developed, based on a vinylogous iminium-ion-dienamine catalytic cascade reaction. Transformations of the aziridine products into enantioenriched motifs are also demonstrated. Furthermore, the reaction concept is extended to include enantioselective 1,6-addition of thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Søholm Halskov
- Center for Catalysis, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Meng X, Chen W, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen B. NBS-Mediated Aziridination between Styrenes and Amides under Transition Metal-Free Conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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Liu WJ, Zhao YH, Sun XW. A convenient synthesis of chiral vinyl aziridines via aza-Barbier–Darzen type reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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De Fusco C, Fuoco T, Croce G, Lattanzi A. Noncovalent organocatalytic synthesis of enantioenriched terminal aziridines with a quaternary stereogenic center. Org Lett 2012; 14:4078-81. [PMID: 22857601 DOI: 10.1021/ol3017066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A high-yielding and enantioselective access to novel N-Boc terminal aziridines, bearing a quaternary stereogenic center, has been developed via an aza-Michael initiated ring-closure (aza-MIRC) reaction of α-acyl acrylates with an N-tosyloxy tert-butyl carbamate catalyzed by a chiral amino thiourea. The feasibility of the aziridine regioselective ring-opening to valuable α,α-disubstituted α-amino acid esters has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Fusco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Fridholm H, Everitt E. Virion glycosylation governs integrity and infectivity of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2011; 34:663-75. [PMID: 21838710 PMCID: PMC7197461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The possible importance of the O-linked glycosylation in virion stability and infectivity of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was analysed. Enzymatic treatment with O-glycosidase of radiolabelled virions under different ionic conditions, to allow for possible alternative exposure of glycosidic enzyme cleavage sites, did not alter the specific infectivity of virions re-isolated after rate-zonal centrifugation in glycerol gradients. As an alternative method to assess the significance of carbohydrates in IPNV integrity, periodate oxidation in the presence of an aldehyde quencher was chosen. Following re-isolation of viruses, a 3-5 (10)log-unit reduction in specific infectivity was revealed and, at higher concentrations, a total disruption or virion aggregation was observed. The loss of infectivity of intact virions was not because of a lack of attachment to cells. Additionally, re-evaluation of reading values from UV-spectra of purified IPNV yielded a specific infectivity of 3 × 10(11) TCID(50)-units mg(-1) of protein and a ratio of 40 virions per TCID(50)-unit in the CHSE-214 cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fridholm
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.
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Deiana L, Dziedzic P, Zhao G, Vesely J, Ibrahem I, Rios R, Sun J, Córdova A. Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes. Chemistry 2011; 17:7904-17. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Deiana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Pawel Dziedzic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Gui‐Ling Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Jan Vesely
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
| | - Ismail Ibrahem
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
| | - Ramon Rios
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
| | - Junliang Sun
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
- Department of Structural Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
| | - Armando Córdova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 8154908
- Department of Natural Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, 85170 Sundsvall (Sweden)
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
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Dhanalakshmi T, Suresh E, Palaniandavar M. Olefin aziridination by copper(II) complexes: Effect of redox potential on catalytic activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Deiana L, Zhao GL, Lin S, Dziedzic P, Zhang Q, Leijonmarck H, Córdova A. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Aziridination of α-Substituted α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes: Asymmetric Synthesis of Terminal Aziridines. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhu BH, Zheng JC, Yu CB, Sun XL, Zhou YG, Shen Q, Tang Y. One-Pot Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of cis-Vinylaziridines via the Sulfur Ylide-Mediated Aziridination and Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Isomerization. Org Lett 2009; 12:504-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9027072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Hu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jun-Cheng Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chang-Bin Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiu-Li Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, China, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Linglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China, and State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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12
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Functional analysis of picornavirus 2B proteins: effects on calcium homeostasis and intracellular protein trafficking. J Virol 2008; 82:3782-90. [PMID: 18216106 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02076-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Picornaviridae consists of a large group of plus-strand RNA viruses that share a similar genome organization. The nomenclature of the picornavirus proteins is based on their position in the viral RNA genome but does not necessarily imply a conserved function of proteins of different genera. The enterovirus 2B protein is a small hydrophobic protein that, upon individual expression, is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, reduces ER and Golgi complex Ca(2+) levels, most likely by forming transmembrane pores, and inhibits protein trafficking through the Golgi complex. At present, little is known about the function of the other picornavirus 2B proteins. Here we show that rhinovirus 2B, which is phylogenetically closely related to enterovirus 2B, shows a similar subcellular localization and function to those of enterovirus 2B. In contrast, 2B proteins of hepatitis A virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and encephalomyocarditis virus, all of which are more distantly related to enteroviruses, show a different localization and have little, if any, effects on Ca(2+) homeostasis and intracellular protein trafficking. Our data suggest that the 2B proteins of enterovirus and rhinovirus share the same function in virus replication, while the other picornavirus 2B proteins support the viral life cycle in a different manner. Moreover, we show that an enterovirus 2B protein that is retained in the ER is unable to modify Ca(2+) homeostasis and inhibit protein trafficking, demonstrating the importance of Golgi complex localization for its functioning.
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Vesely J, Ibrahem I, Zhao GL, Rios R, Córdova A. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Aziridination of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:778-81. [PMID: 17163553 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vesely
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Vesely J, Ibrahem I, Zhao GL, Rios R, Córdova A. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Aziridination of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zheng JC, Liao WW, Sun XX, Sun XL, Tang Y, Dai LX, Deng JG. Telluronium Salts Mediated Aziridination of Chiral N-tert-Butylsulfinylimines: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Optically Active Vinylaziridines. Org Lett 2005; 7:5789-92. [PMID: 16354067 DOI: 10.1021/ol051921n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Optically active cis-2-substituted vinylaziridines are synthesized by the reaction of N-tert-butylsulfinylimines with telluronium ylides with excellent diastereoselectivity in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Cheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Reisdorph N, Thomas JJ, Katpally U, Chase E, Harris K, Siuzdak G, Smith TJ. Human rhinovirus capsid dynamics is controlled by canyon flexibility. Virology 2003; 314:34-44. [PMID: 14517058 DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative enzyme accessibility experiments using nano liquid chromatography electrospray mass spectrometry combined with limited proteolysis and isotope-labeling was used to examine the dynamic nature of the human rhinovirus (HRV) capsid in the presence of three antiviral compounds, a neutralizing Fab, and drug binding cavity mutations. Using these methods, it was found that the antivirals WIN 52084 and picovir (pleconaril) stabilized the capsid, while dansylaziridine caused destabilization. Site-directed mutations in the drug-binding cavity were found to stabilize the HRV14 capsid against proteolytic digestion in a manner similar to WIN 52084 and pleconaril. Antibodies that bind to the NIm-IA antigenic site and penetrate the canyon were also observed to protect the virion against proteolytic cleavage. These results demonstrate that quantifying the effects of antiviral ligands on protein "breathing" can be used to compare their mode of action and efficacy. In this case, it is apparent that hydrophobic antiviral agents, antibodies, or mutations in the canyon region block viral breathing. Therefore, these studies demonstrate that mobility in the canyon region is a major determinant in capsid breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole Reisdorph
- The Scripps Center for Mass Spectrometry and the Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Müller P, Fruit C. Enantioselective catalytic aziridinations and asymmetric nitrene insertions into CH bonds. Chem Rev 2003; 103:2905-20. [PMID: 12914485 DOI: 10.1021/cr020043t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 900] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Müller
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Brown
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
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