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Tang M, Wang S, Wang Y, Zeng F, Chen M, Chang X, He M, Fang Q, Yin S. Nomogram Development and Validation for Predicting Postoperative Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation Based on Paraspinal Muscle Parameters. J Pain Res 2024; 17:2121-2131. [PMID: 38894861 PMCID: PMC11185253 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s459846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies highlight paraspinal muscles' significance in spinal stability. This study aims to assess paraspinal muscle predictiveness for postoperative recurrent lumbar disc herniation (PRLDH) after lumbar disc herniation patients undergo percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD). Patients and Methods Retrospectively collected data from 232 patients undergoing PETD treatment at our institution between January 2020 and January 2023, randomly allocated into training (60%) and validation (40%) groups. Utilizing Lasso regression and multivariable logistic regression, independent risk factors were identified in the training set to construct a Nomogram model. Internal validation employed Enhanced Bootstrap, with Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) assessing accuracy. Calibration was evaluated through calibration curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) were employed for clinical utility analysis. Results Diabetes, Modic changes, and ipsilesional multifidus muscle skeletal muscle index (SMI) were independent predictive factors for PRLDH following PETD (P<0.05). Developed Nomogram model based on selected predictors, uploaded to a web page. AUC for training: 0.921 (95% CI 0.872-0.970), validation: 0.900 (95% CI 0.828-0.972), respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded χ 2=5.638/6.259, P=0.688/0.618, and calibration curves exhibited good fit between observed and predicted values. DCA and CIC demonstrate clinical net benefit for both models at risk thresholds of 0.02-1.00 and 0.02-0.80. Conclusion The Nomogram predictive model developed based on paraspinal muscle parameters in this study demonstrates excellent predictive capability and aids in personalized risk assessment for PRLDH following PETD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
- The Fifth Clinical College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
- The Fifth Clinical College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanyi Zeng
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mianpeng Chen
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xindong Chang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingfei He
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Fang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Yin
- Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei City, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of China
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Guan J, Zhao D, Liu T, Yu X, Feng N, Jiang G, Li W, Yang K, Zhao H, Yang Y. Correlation between surgical segment mobility and paravertebral muscle fatty infiltration of upper adjacent segment in single-segment LDD patients: retrospective study at a minimum 2 years' follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:28. [PMID: 36635673 PMCID: PMC9835309 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between surgical segment mobility and fatty infiltration of the adjacent segment paravertebral muscles in patients with single-segment lumbar degenerative disease (LDD) who underwent decompression with fusion or dynamic stabilization. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent lumbar decompression combined with titanium rod fixation intertransverse fusion (PITF group), Isobar TTL dynamic stabilization (TTL group) or Isobar EVO dynamic stabilization (EVO group) for single-segment lumbar degenerative disease, from March 2012 to July 2018. The preoperative and final follow-up clinical indexes C-LDSI and the measured imaging indexes (range of motion of the surgical segment and the upper adjacent segment, and Goutallier grade of the upper adjacent segment) were counted, and the differences between the preoperative and final follow-up indexes were compared. RESULTS According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 68 patients were included in this study, 21 in the PITF group, 24 in the TTL group, and 23 in the EVO group. At the final follow-up, the C-LSDI score had significantly higher in the PITF group than the TTL and EVO groups, and the C-LSDI score was a very strongly negatively correlated with ROM of surgical segment (r=-0.7968, p < 0.001). There was a strong negative correlation between surgical segment and upper adjacent segment mobility (r = -0.6959, p < 0.001). And there was a very strong negative correlation between ROM of surgical segment and upper adjacent segment paravertebral muscle Goutallier classification (r = -0.8092, p < 0.001), whereas the ROM of the upper adjacent segment was strong positive correlated with the Goutallier classification (r = 0.6703, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Compared with decompression combined with rigid fusion, decompression combined with dynamic fixation for single-segment lumbar degenerative disease can significantly reduce postoperative low back stiffness. And a certain range of increased mobility of the dynamic stabilization device can effectively reduce the compensatory mobility of the upper adjacent segment and slow down the fatty infiltration of the paravertebral muscle in the adjacent segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Dingyan Zhao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Xing Yu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Feng
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Guozheng Jiang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Kaitan Yang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - He Zhao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
| | - Yongdong Yang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Haiyuncang No.5, Dongcheng District 100700 Beijing, China
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Preoperative paraspinal and psoas major muscle atrophy and paraspinal muscle fatty degeneration as factors influencing the results of surgical treatment of lumbar disc disease. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:1375-1384. [PMID: 33484312 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-03754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing number of publications highlighting sarcopenia and myosteatosis as poor prognosic factors for treatment results in oncological patients. The decrease in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the multifidus muscle and muscle steatosis is associated with lumbar disc herniation and low back/limb pain. Nevertheless, no studies have analyzed the influence of the above parameters on patient satisfaction, pain decrease and return to daily activities. The aim of the study was to verify whether decreased preoperative CSA of the paraspinal and psoas major muscles and their fatty degeneration (myosteatosis) may influence the outcome of surgical treatment of lumbar disc disease (LDD). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and one patients with LDD undergoing open microdiscectomy were enrolled in the analysis. Relative cross-sectional areas (rCSA) of the paraspinal and psoas major muscles as well as their fatty degeneration were measured. Patients were assessed according to the validated Polish versions of the EURO EQ-5D, Core Outcome Measure Index (COMI), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 1 and 6 months postoperatively. The association between the variables was calculated using Pearson r and Spearman rank correlation. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the results between the groups with different rCSA of paraspinal and psoas major muscles and a different degree of paraspinal muscle myosteatosis. RESULTS Fatty degeneration of the paraspinal muscles correlated with better outcomes 1 and 6 months postoperatively according to ODI (P = 0.003 and P = 0.027, respectively). Patients with higher rCSA of the paraspinal and psoas major muscles achieved better results on the EURO EQ-5D scale (P = 0.0289 and P = 0.0089, respectively). Higher rCSA of the paraspinal and psoas major muscles did not correlate with better outcomes measured using ODI, COMI and VAS scales (P ≥ 0.072). CONCLUSION The degree of fatty degeneration of the paraspinal muscles correlates with better outcomes 1 and 6 months after microdiscectomy.
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Shaikh N, Zhang H, Brown SHM, Lari H, Lasry O, Street J, Wilson DR, Oxland T. Synchronous imaging of pelvic geometry and muscle morphometry: a pilot study of pelvic retroversion using upright MRI. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20127. [PMID: 34635683 PMCID: PMC8505414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99305-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated feasibility of imaging lumbopelvic musculature and geometry in tandem using upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic adults, and explored the effect of pelvic retroversion on lumbopelvic musculature and geometry. Six asymptomatic volunteers were imaged (0.5 T upright MRI) in 4 postures: standing, standing pelvic retroversion, standing 30° flexion, and supine. Measures included muscle morphometry [cross-sectional area (CSA), circularity, radius, and angle] of the gluteus and iliopsoas, and pelvic geometry [pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), L3-S1 lumbar lordosis (LL)] L3-coccyx. With four volunteers repeating postures, and three raters assessing repeatability, there was generally good repeatability [ICC(3,1) 0.80-0.97]. Retroversion had level dependent effects on muscle measures, for example gluteus CSA and circularity increased (up to 22%). Retroversion increased PT, decreased SS, and decreased L3-S1 LL, but did not affect PI. Gluteus CSA and circularity also had level-specific correlations with PT, SS, and L3-S1 LL. Overall, upright MRI of the lumbopelvic musculature is feasible with good reproducibility, and the morphometry of the involved muscles significantly changes with posture. This finding has the potential to be used for clinical consideration in designing and performing future studies with greater number of healthy subjects and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Shaikh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Honglin Zhang
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Hamza Lari
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Oliver Lasry
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John Street
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David R Wilson
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Thomas Oxland
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. .,Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. .,University of British Columbia, ICORD, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre at VGH, 3rd Floor, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
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Pai S A, Zhang H, Ashjaee N, Wilson DR, Brown SH, Fels S, Street J, Oxland TR. Estimation and assessment of sagittal spinal curvature and thoracic muscle morphometry in different postures. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021; 235:883-896. [PMID: 33977818 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211014668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spine models are typically developed from supine clinical imaging data, and hence clearly do not fully reflect postures that replicate subjects' clinical symptoms. Our objectives were to develop a method to: (i) estimate the subject-specific sagittal curvature of the whole spine in different postures from limited imaging data, (ii) obtain muscle lines-of-action in different postures and analyze the effect of posture on muscle fascicle length, and (iii) correct for cosine between the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan plane and dominant fiber line-of-action for muscle parameters (cross-sectional area (CSA) and position). The thoracic spines of six healthy volunteers were scanned in four postures (supine, standing, flexion, and sitting) in an upright MRI. Geometry of the sagittal spine was approximated with a circular spline. A pipeline was developed to estimate spine geometry in different postures and was validated. The lines-of-action for two muscles, erector spinae (ES) and transversospinalis (TS) were obtained for every posture and hence muscle fascicle lengths were computed. A correction factor based on published literature was then computed and applied to the muscle parameters. The maximum registration error between the estimated spine geometry and MRI data was small (average RMSE∼1.2%). The muscle fascicle length increased (up to 20%) in flexion when compared to erect postures. The correction factor reduced muscle parameters (∼5% for ES and ∼25% for TS) when compared to raw MRI data. The proposed pipeline is a preliminary step in subject-specific modeling. Direction cosines of muscles could be used while improving the inputs of spine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoosha Pai S
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Honglin Zhang
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nima Ashjaee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David R Wilson
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Hm Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sidney Fels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John Street
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thomas R Oxland
- ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Pai S A, Zhang H, Street J, Wilson DR, Brown SHM, Oxland TR. Preliminary investigation of spinal level and postural effects on thoracic muscle morphology with upright open MRI. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1139. [PMID: 33778411 PMCID: PMC7984016 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spinal-muscle morphological differences between weight-bearing and supine postures have potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications. While the focus to date has been on cervical and lumbar regions, recent findings have associated spinal deformity with smaller paraspinal musculature in the thoracic region. We aim to quantitatively investigate the morphology of trapezius (TZ), erector spinae (ES) and transversospinalis (TS) muscles in upright postures with open upright MRI and also determine the effect of level and posture on the morphological measures. METHODS Six healthy volunteers (age 26 ± 6 years) were imaged (0.5 T MROpen, Paramed, Genoa, Italy) in four postures (supine, standing, standing with 30° flexion, and sitting). Two regions of the thorax, middle (T4-T5), and lower (T8-T9), were scanned separately for each posture. 2D muscle parameters such as cross-sectional area (CSA) and position (radius and angle) with respect to the vertebral body centroid were measured for the three muscles. Effect of spinal level and posture on muscle parameters was examined using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA separately for T4-T5 and T8-T9 regions. RESULTS The TZ CSA was smaller (40%, P = .0027) at T9 than at T8. The ES CSA was larger at T5 than at T4 (12%, P = .0048) and at T9 than at T8 (10%, P = .0018). TS CSA showed opposite trends at the two spinal regions with it being smaller (16%, P = .0047) at T5 than at T4 and larger (11%, P = .0009) at T9 than at T8. At T4-T5, the TZ CSA increased (up to 23%), and the ES and TS CSA decreased (up to 10%) in upright postures compared to supine. CONCLUSION Geometrical parameters that describe muscle morphology in the thorax change with level and posture. The increase in TZ CSA in upright postures could result from greater activation while upright. The decrease in ES CSA in flexed positions likely represents passive stretching compared to neutral posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoosha Pai S
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- ICORDUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Honglin Zhang
- Centre for Hip Health and MobilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - John Street
- ICORDUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - David R. Wilson
- ICORDUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Centre for Hip Health and MobilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Stephen H. M. Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada
| | - Thomas R. Oxland
- ICORDUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
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Exposure to Sustained Flexion Impacts Lumbar Extensor Spinae Muscle Fiber Orientation. J Appl Biomech 2021; 37:248-253. [PMID: 33631717 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2020-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The lumbar extensor spinae (LES) has an oblique orientation with respect to the compressive axis of the lumbar spine, allowing it to counteract anterior shear forces. This mechanical advantage is lost as spine flexion angle increases. The LES orientation can also alter over time as obliquity decreases with age and is associated with decreased strength and low back pain. However, it is unknown if LES orientation is impacted by recent exposures causing adaptations over shorter timescales. Hence, the effects of a 10-minute sustained spine flexion exposure on LES orientation, thickness, and activity were investigated. Three different submaximally flexed spine postures were observed before and after the exposure. At baseline, orientation (P < .001) and thickness (P = .004) decreased with increasingly flexed postures. After the exposure, obliquity further decreased at low (pairwise comparison P < .001) and moderately (pairwise comparison P = .008) flexed postures. Low back creep occurred, but LES thickness did not change, indicating that decreases in orientation were not solely due to changes in muscle length at a given posture. Activation did not change to counteract decreases in obliquity. These changes encompass a reduced ability to offset anterior shear forces, thus increasing the potential risk of anterior shear-related injury or pain after low back creep-generating exposures.
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A Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Lumbar Muscle Grade to Predict Health-related Quality of Life Scores Among Patients Requiring Surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021; 46:259-267. [PMID: 33273441 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional cohort. OBJECTIVE The aim of this sudy was to determine whether muscle health measurements are associated with health-related quality of life scores (HRQOLs) for patients with lumbar spine pathology. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Poor muscle health has been implicated as a source of pain/dysfunction for patients with lumbar spine pathology. Our aim was to quantify the relationship using muscle health measurements and HRQOLs. METHODS Three hundred and eight patients were included (mean age 57.7 ± standard deviation 18.2 years' old). We randomly selected patients into a derivation cohort (200) and validation cohort (108) to create our muscle health grade. We measured muscle health by the lumbar indentation value (LIV), goutallier classification (GC), and ratio of paralumbar muscle cross-sectional area over body mass index (PL-CSA/BMI). A muscle health grade was derived based on whether a measurement showed a statistically significant impact on visual analog scale back and leg pain (VAS-leg and VAS-leg), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), short-form 12 physical health score (SF-12 PHS), short-form 12 mental health score (SF-12 MHS) and Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). A variety of statistical tools were used to determine whether there was a relationship between a measurement and HRQOLs. RESULTS In the derivation cohort, a muscle health grade was created based on the GC and PL-CSA/BMI ratio. For patients with a GC ≤2, one point was given. For patients with a PL-CSA/BMI ≥130, one point was given. Patients with 2 points were graded as "A" and 0 or 1 point were graded "B." Within the validation cohort of patients, there was a statistically significant higher PROMIS (mean 34.5 ± standard deviation 12.6 vs. 27.6 ± 14.0, P = 0.002), ODI (38.8 ± 18.3 vs. 45.8 ± 18.1, P = 0.05) and SF-12 PHS (34.7 ± 11.3 vs. 29.1 ± 6.3, P = 0.002) for patients with a good muscle health grade of "A." CONCLUSION This study offers an objective measurement of muscle health that correlates with HRQOLs for patients with lumbar spine pathology.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Kim KR, Lee CK, Kim IS. Efficacy of interspinous device on adjacent segment degeneration after single level posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a minimum 2-year follow-up. Br J Neurosurg 2020; 35:757-765. [PMID: 32865435 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1812516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) is a well-known problem of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). A device for interspinous assisted motion (DIAM) has been recently applied at the adjacent segment to pedicle screw instrumentation to create a dynamic transition zone. The aim of this study was to determine whether DIAM implantation at the adjacent segment could reduce the occurrence of radiologic and symptomatic ASD. METHODS This retrospective study reviewed 51 patients who underwent PLIF with or without DIAM between 2005 and 2016. They were followed up for more than 24 months. The mean follow-up was over 5 years. Fourteen patients underwent PLIF with DIAM implantation at the cephalad level (Group A) and 37 patients received PLIF only (Group B). In radiologic ASD, several parameters were measured using pre- and post-operative radiographs and magnetic resonance image for lumbar degenerative disease and paraspinal muscle. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) scores of back and leg were used to investigate symptomatic ASD. RESULTS In postoperative radiographic changes, disc height narrowing and progression of spondylolisthesis at adjacent segment were significantly less in group A than those in group B (0.58 mm versus 1.17 mm, p = 0.038 and 0.30 mm versus 1.69 mm, p = 0.041, respectively). In clinical assessments, back VAS and RMDQ scores improved significantly more in group A (-4.07 versus -2.54, p = 0.029 and -7.57 versus -5.43, p = 0.016, respectively). CONCLUSION DIAM implantation with single-level PLIF could prevent disc height narrowing and progression of spondylolisthesis at adjacent segment. Clinically, DIAM implantation reduced back pain and disability. Therefore, DIAM implantation could help slow the progression of both radiologic and symptomatic ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ryeol Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Gangnam Severance Spine Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Kyu Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Soo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Xu HW, Yi YY, Li YZ, Zhang SB, Wang SJ, Wu DS. Sagittal imbalance, muscle atrophy, and osteoporosis: risk factors for revision posterior lumbar fusion surgery in patients with Parkinson's disease. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 44:2069-2077. [PMID: 32564174 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to evaluate features and complications of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who underwent posterior lumbar fusion surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD), as well as the risk factors for revision. METHODS Between January 2010 and December 2016, 132 patients were retrospectively identified for inclusion. Patients were divided into a 29 revision PD group and a 103 non-revision PD group. Patient factors included bone mineral density (BMD) and severity of PD using the Hoehn and Yahr staging system. Surgical factors included surgical levels and fusion methods. Radiographic measurements included pre-operative spinopelvic parameters, paraspinal muscle atrophy, and fatty infiltration. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors for revision posterior lumbar fusion. RESULTS The average age of the PD patients was 67.96 years, and the follow-up time was 49.01 months. R-PD patients accounted for 21.97% of all PD patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery. Multivariable analysis indicated that low BMD (p = 0.012), fatty infiltration (p = 0.038), a smaller relative cross-sectional area (rCSA) of the paraspinal muscle (p = 0.008), larger pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) (p = 0.01), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) (p = 0.004) were significant independent risk factors for revision posterior lumbar fusion in PD patients. CONCLUSION PD patients with low pre-operative BMD, fatty infiltration, a smaller rCSA of the paraspinal muscle, and larger PI-LL and SVA had a higher rate of revision lumbar fusion. Maintaining sagittal balance, functional exercises, and anti-osteoporosis treatment were important in preventing complications in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Wei Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Yang Yi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhi Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Bao Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Jin Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - De-Sheng Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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The effect of posture on lumbar muscle morphometry from upright MRI. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2020; 29:2306-2318. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-020-06409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Zhu Y, Zhou S, Gao D, Liu Q. Synchronization of Non-linear Oscillators for Neurobiologically Inspired Control on a Bionic Parallel Waist of Legged Robot. Front Neurorobot 2019; 13:59. [PMID: 31427942 PMCID: PMC6687854 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2019.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchronization of coupled non-linear oscillators inspired by a central pattern generator (CPG) can control the bionic robot and promote the coordination and diversity of locomotion. However, for a robot with a strong mutual coupled structure, such neurobiological control is still missing. In this contribution, we present a σ-Hopf harmonic oscillator with decoupled parameters to expand the solution space of the locomotion of the robot. Unlike the synchronization of original Hopf oscillators, which has been fully discussed, the asymmetric factor of σ-Hopf oscillator causes a deformation in oscillation waveform. Using the non-linear synchronization theory, we construct the transition state model of the synchronization process to analyze the asymmetrical distortion, period change and duty ratio inconsistency. Then a variable coupling strength is introduced to eliminate the waveform deformation and maintain the fast convergence rate. Finally, the approach is used for the locomotion control of a bionic parallel waist of legged robot, which is a highly coupled system. The effectiveness of the approach in both independent and synthesis behavior of four typical motion patterns are validated. The result proves the importance of controllability of the oscillation waveform and the instantaneous state of the synchronization, which benefits the transition and transformation of the locomotion and makes the coupling motion more flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
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Gungor C, Tang R, Sesek R, Davis G, Gallagher S. Regression models for the erector spinae muscle (ESM) cross-sectional area (CSA): Asymptomatic populations. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:2732252. [PMID: 31017628 DOI: 10.1115/1.4043558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding low back morphology is critical to understanding spinal loading and the underlying injury mechanisms, which helps to characterize risk and, therefore, minimize low back pain injuries. Individualized erector spinae muscle (ESM) cross-sectional area (CSA) allows biomechanics practitioners to calculate individualized force-generating capacities and spinal loadings for given tasks. The objective is to perform morphological analyses and then provide regression models to estimate the ESM CSA of an individual with his/her subject characteristics. Thirty-five subjects (13 females and 22 males) without LBP history were included in this MRI study. Axial-oblique scans of the low back region were used to measure the ESM CSA. Subject demographics and anthropometrics were obtained and regressed over the ESM CSA. Best-subset regression analyses were performed. Lean body mass and the ankle, wrist, and head indexes were the most frequent predictive variables. Regression models with easy-to-measure variables showed smaller predictive power and increased estimation error compared to other regression models. Practitioners should consider this trade-off between model accuracy and complexity. An individual's ESM CSA could be estimated by his/her individual characteristics, which enables biomechanical practitioners to estimate individualized low back force capacity and spinal loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Gungor
- Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir, 35620 TURKEY, Tel.: +90-232-3293535-5250, Fax: +90-232-3860888
| | - Ruoliang Tang
- Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Richard Sesek
- Associate Professor, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Gerard Davis
- Associate Professor, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Sean Gallagher
- Associate Professor, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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14
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Le P, Aurand A, Walter BA, Best TM, Khan SN, Mendel E, Marras WS. Development of a lumbar EMG-based coactivation index for the assessment of complex dynamic tasks. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:381-389. [PMID: 28743218 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1360520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and test an EMG-based coactivation index and compare it to a coactivation index defined by a biologically assisted lumbar spine model to differentiate between tasks. The purpose was to provide a universal approach to assess coactivation of a multi-muscle system when a computational model is not accessible. The EMG-based index developed utilised anthropometric-defined muscle characteristics driven by torso kinematics and EMG. Muscles were classified as agonists/antagonists based upon 'simulated' moments of the muscles relative to the total 'simulated' moment. Different tasks were used to test the range of the index including lifting, pushing and Valsalva. Results showed that the EMG-based index was comparable to the index defined by a biologically assisted model (r2 = 0.78). Overall, the EMG-based index provides a universal, usable method to assess the neuromuscular effort associated with coactivation for complex dynamic tasks when the benefit of a biomechanical model is not available. Practitioner Summary: A universal coactivation index for the lumbar spine was developed to assess complex dynamic tasks. This method was validated relative to a model-based index for use when a high-end computational model is not available. Its simplicity allows for fewer inputs and usability for assessment of task ergonomics and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Le
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Alexander Aurand
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Benjamin A Walter
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Thomas M Best
- b UHealth Sports Performance and Wellness Institute, University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Safdar N Khan
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Ehud Mendel
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - William S Marras
- a Spine Research Institute - Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Integrated Systems Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
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Bruno AG, Mokhtarzadeh H, Allaire BT, Velie KR, De Paolis Kaluza MC, Anderson DE, Bouxsein ML. Incorporation of CT-based measurements of trunk anatomy into subject-specific musculoskeletal models of the spine influences vertebral loading predictions. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2164-2173. [PMID: 28092118 PMCID: PMC5511782 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We created subject-specific musculoskeletal models of the thoracolumbar spine by incorporating spine curvature and muscle morphology measurements from computed tomography (CT) scans to determine the degree to which vertebral compressive and shear loading estimates are sensitive to variations in trunk anatomy. We measured spine curvature and trunk muscle morphology using spine CT scans of 125 men, and then created four different thoracolumbar spine models for each person: (i) height and weight adjusted (Ht/Wt models); (ii) height, weight, and spine curvature adjusted (+C models); (iii) height, weight, and muscle morphology adjusted (+M models); and (iv) height, weight, spine curvature, and muscle morphology adjusted (+CM models). We determined vertebral compressive and shear loading at three regions of the spine (T8, T12, and L3) for four different activities. Vertebral compressive loads predicted by the subject-specific CT-based musculoskeletal models were between 54% lower to 45% higher from those estimated using musculoskeletal models adjusted only for subject height and weight. The impact of subject-specific information on vertebral loading estimates varied with the activity and spinal region. Vertebral loading estimates were more sensitive to incorporation of subject-specific spinal curvature than subject-specific muscle morphology. Our results indicate that individual variations in spine curvature and trunk muscle morphology can have a major impact on estimated vertebral compressive and shear loads, and thus should be accounted for when estimating subject-specific vertebral loading. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2164-2173, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Bruno
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, MA, USA,Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hossein Mokhtarzadeh
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett T. Allaire
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelsey R. Velie
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dennis E. Anderson
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, MA, USA,Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Alizadeh M, Knapik GG, Dufour JS, Zindl C, Allen MJ, Bertran J, Fitzpatrick N, Marras WS. An EMG-driven biomechanical model of the canine cervical spine. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2017; 32:101-109. [PMID: 28092739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the frequency of cervical spine injuries in canines, the purpose of this effort was to develop an EMG-driven dynamic model of the canine cervical spine to assess a biomechanical understanding that enables one to investigate the risk of neck disorders. A canine subject was recruited in this investigation in order to collect subject specific data. Reflective markers and a motion capture system were used for kinematic measurement; surface electrodes were used to record electromyography signals, and with the aid of force plate kinetics were recorded. A 3D model of the canine subject was reconstructed from an MRI dataset. Muscles lines of action were defined through a new technique with the aid of 3D white light scanner. The model performed well with a 0.73 weighted R2 value in all three planes. The weighted average absolute error of the predicted moment was less than 10% of the external moment. The proposed model is a canine specific forward-dynamics model that precisely tracks the canine subject head and neck motion, calculates the muscle force generated from the twelve major moment producing muscles, and estimates resulting loads on specific spinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alizadeh
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 520 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - G G Knapik
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 520 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J S Dufour
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 520 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - C Zindl
- Surgical Discovery Center, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - M J Allen
- Surgical Discovery Center, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J Bertran
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - W S Marras
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 520 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Kim JY, Ryu DS, Paik HK, Ahn SS, Kang MS, Kim KH, Park JY, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE, Kuh SU. Paraspinal muscle, facet joint, and disc problems: risk factors for adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar fusion. Spine J 2016; 16:867-75. [PMID: 26970600 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) is one of the major complications after lumbar fusion. Several studies have evaluated the risk factors of ASD. Although the paraspinal muscles play an important role in spine stability, no study has assessed the relationship between paraspinal muscle atrophy and the incidence of ASD after lumbar fusion. PURPOSE In the present study, we aimed to verify the known risk factors of ASD, such as body mass index (BMI), preoperative adjacent facet joint degeneration, and disc degeneration, and to assess the relationship between paraspinal muscle atrophy and ASD. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective 1:1 pair analysis matched by age, sex, fusion level, and follow-up period. PATIENT SAMPLE To calculate the appropriate sample size for the study, we performed a pre-study analysis of the paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), and estimated that at least 35 cases would be needed for each group. Among the 510 patients who underwent posterior lumbar fusion for degenerative lumbar disease between January 2009 and October 2009, a total of 50 patients with ASD after surgery were selected. Another group of 50 matched patients with degenerative lumbar disease without ASD after spinal fusion were selected as the control group. Each patient in the ASD group was matched with a control patient according to age, sex, fusion level, and follow-up period. OUTCOME MEASURES Radiographic measurements and demographic data were reviewed. METHODS The risk factors considered were higher BMI, preoperative adjacent segment disc and facet degeneration, and preoperative paraspinal muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration. The radiographic data were compared between the ASD and control groups to determine the predictive factors of ASD after posterior lumbar fusion by using logistic regression analysis. The study was not externally funded. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that higher BMI (odds ratio [OR]: 1.353, p=.008), preoperative facet degeneration on computed tomography examination (OR: 3.075, p=.011), disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (OR: 2.783, p=.003), fatty degeneration (OR: 1.080, p=.044), and a smaller relative CSA of the paraspinal muscle preoperatively (OR: 0.083, p=.003) were significant factors for predicting the development of ASD. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of radiological ASD is most likely multifactorial, and is associated with a higher BMI, preexisting facet and disc degeneration on preoperative examination, and a smaller preoperative relative CSA of the paraspinal muscle on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yeol Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal Sung Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyu Paik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soak Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Sung Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Chin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Su Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Eun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Uk Kuh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JB, Park SW, Lee YS, Nam TK, Park YS, Kim YB. The Effects of Spinopelvic Parameters and Paraspinal Muscle Degeneration on S1 Screw Loosening. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2015; 58:357-62. [PMID: 26587190 PMCID: PMC4651997 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors for S1 screw loosening after lumbosacral fusion, including spinopelvic parameters and paraspinal muscles. METHODS We studied with 156 patients with degenerative lumbar disease who underwent lumbosacral interbody fusion and pedicle screw fixation including the level of L5-S1 between 2005 and 2012. The patients were divided into loosening and non-loosening groups. Screw loosening was defined as a halo sign larger than 1 mm around a screw. We checked cross sectional area of paraspinal muscles, mean signal intensity of the muscles on T2 weight MRI as a degree of fatty degeneration, spinopelvic parameters, bone mineral density, number of fusion level, and the characteristic of S1 screw. RESULTS Twenty seven patients showed S1 screw loosening, which is 24.4% of total. The mean duration for S1 screw loosening was 7.3±4.1 months after surgery. Statistically significant risk factors were increased age, poor BMD, 3 or more fusion levels (p<0.05). Among spinopelvic parameters, a high pelvic incidence (p<0.01), a greater difference between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordotic angle preoperatively (p<0.01) and postoperatively (p<0.05). Smaller cross-sectional area and high T2 signal intensity in both multifidus and erector spinae muscles were also significant muscular risk factors (p<0.05). Small converging angle (p<0.001) and short intraosseous length (p<0.05) of S1 screw were significant screw related risk factors (p<0.05). CONCLUSION In addition to well known risk factors, spinopelvic parameters and the degeneration of paraspinal muscles also showed significant effects on the S1 screw loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Bum Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Taek-Kyun Nam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Sook Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Baeg Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Gungor C, Tang R, Sesek RF, Bo Foreman K, Gallagher S, Davis GA. Prediction Models for the Erector Spinae Muscle Cross-Sectional Area. J Biomech Eng 2015; 137:2196533. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4029984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and reliable “individualized” low back erector spinae muscle (ESM) data are of importance to estimate its force producing capacity. Knowing the force producing capacity, along with spinal loading, enhances the understanding of low back injury mechanisms. The objective of this study was to build regression models to estimate the ESM cross-sectional area (CSA). Measurements were taken from axial-oblique magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of a large historical population [54 females and 53 males at L3/L4, 50 females and 44 males at L4/L5, and 41 females and 35 males at L5/S1 levels]. Results suggest that an individual's ESM CSA can be accurately estimated based on his/her gender, height, and weight. Results further show that there is no significant difference between the measured and estimated ESM CSAs, and expected absolute error is less than 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Gungor
- Forest Industrial Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir 35620, Turkey e-mail:
| | - Ruoliang Tang
- Occupational Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211 e-mail:
| | - Richard F. Sesek
- Associate Professor Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 e-mail:
| | - Kenneth Bo Foreman
- Associate Professor Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 e-mail:
| | - Sean Gallagher
- Associate Professor Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 e-mail:
| | - Gerard A. Davis
- Associate Professor Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 e-mail:
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Kim JY, Chae SU, Kim GD, Cha MS. Changes of paraspinal muscles in postmenopausal osteoporotic spinal compression fractures: magnetic resonance imaging study. J Bone Metab 2013; 20:75-81. [PMID: 24524061 PMCID: PMC3910309 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2013.20.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the changes of cross sectional area (CSA) in paraspinal muscles upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal osteoporotic spinal compression fractures. Methods We reviewed 81 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, who had underwent MRI examination. The patients were divided into 51 patients who had osteoporotic spinal compression fractures (group I), and 30 patients who without fractures (group II). Group I were subdivided into IA and IB, based on whether they were younger (IA) of older (IB) than 70 years of age. We additionally measured body mass index and BMD. The CSA of multifidus, erector spinae, paraspinal muscles, psoas major (PT), and intervertebral (IV) discs were measured. The degree of fatty atrophy was estimated using three grades. Results The BMD and T-score of group I were significantly lower than those of group II. The CSA of erector spinae, paraspinal muscles, and PT in the group I was significantly smaller than that of group II. The CSA of paraspinal muscles in group IB were significantly smaller than those of group IA. The CSA of erector spinae, mutifidus, and PT in group IB were smaller than those of group IA, but the difference was not statistically significant. Group 1 exhibited greater fat infiltration in the paraspinal muscle than group II. Conclusions Postmenopausal osteoporotic spinal compression fracture is associated with profound changes of the lumbar paraspinal muscle, reduction of CSA, increased CSA of IV disc, and increased intramuscular fat infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yun Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Soo Uk Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Gang Deuk Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Cha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
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Meakin JR, Fulford J, Seymour R, Welsman JR, Knapp KM. The relationship between sagittal curvature and extensor muscle volume in the lumbar spine. J Anat 2013; 222:608-14. [PMID: 23600615 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous modelling study predicted that the forces applied by the extensor muscles to stabilise the lumbar spine would be greater in spines that have a larger sagittal curvature (lordosis). Because the force-generating capacity of a muscle is related to its size, it was hypothesised that the size of the extensor muscles in a subject would be related to the size of their lumbar lordosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained, together with age, height, body mass and back pain status, from 42 female subjects. The volume of the extensor muscles (multifidus and erector spinae) caudal to the mid-lumbar level was estimated from cross-sectional area measurements in axial T1-weighted MRIs spanning the lumbar spine. Lower lumbar curvature was determined from sagittal T1-weighted images. A stepwise linear regression model was used to determine the best predictors of muscle volume. The mean lower lumbar extensor muscle volume was 281 cm(3) (SD = 49 cm(3)). The mean lower lumbar curvature was 30 ° (SD = 7 °). Five subjects reported current back pain and were excluded from the regression analysis. Nearly half the variation in muscle volume was accounted for by the variables age (standardised coefficient, B = -3.2, P = 0.03) and lower lumbar curvature (B = 0.47, P = 0.002). The results support the hypothesis that extensor muscle volume in the lower lumbar spine is related to the magnitude of the sagittal curvature; this has implications for assessing muscle size as an indicator of muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith R Meakin
- Biomedical Physics Group, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Anderson DE, D'Agostino JM, Bruno AG, Manoharan RK, Bouxsein ML. Regressions for estimating muscle parameters in the thoracic and lumbar trunk for use in musculoskeletal modeling. J Biomech 2011; 45:66-75. [PMID: 22018580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal modeling requires information on muscle parameters such as cross-sectional area (CSA) and moment arms. A variety of previous studies have reported muscle parameters in the trunk based on in vivo imaging, but there remain gaps in the available data as well as limitations in the generalizability of such data. Specifically, available trunk muscle CSA data is very limited for older adults, lacking entirely in the thoracic region. In addition, previous studies have made measurements in groups of healthy volunteers or hospital patients who may not be representative of the population in general. Finally, such studies have not reported data for the major muscles connecting the upper limb to the thoracic trunk. In this study, muscle morphology measurements were made for major muscles present in the trunk between vertebral levels T6 and L5 using quantitative computed tomography scans from a community-based sample of 100 men and women aged 36-87. We present regression equations to predict trunk muscle CSA and position relative to the vertebral body in the transverse plane from sex, age, height and weight at vertebral levels T6 to L5. Regressions were also developed for predicting anatomical CSA and muscle moment arms, which were estimated using literature data on muscle line of action. This work thus provides a resource for estimating muscle parameters in the general population for musculoskeletal modeling of the thoraco-lumbar trunk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis E Anderson
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Reliability of magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the cross-sectional area of the muscle contractile and non-contractile components. Surg Radiol Anat 2011; 33:735-41. [PMID: 21618015 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-011-0825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to study skeletal muscles patients with muscular disorders. We report an MRI technique for evaluating the trunk muscles. This technique takes both the component surface area (CSA) and the density of the muscles on MRI axial slices into account . Using a computer-based image analysis system, we combined MRI data measuring the muscle CSA, which was separated into the contractile component (CCSA) and the non-contractile component (NCCSA). The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability of this method of measuring the CSA, CCSA and NCCSA in trunk muscles on MRI axial slices through L4 and T12. METHODS Thirty volunteer subjects were enrolled in this study. Two acquisitions were performed. For the reliability analyses, each of the two slices (T12 and L4) from 30 subjects was measured by three raters trained in this technique, on two occasions 2 weeks apart. Each muscle was surrounded and its CSA, NCCSA and CCSA were recorded. For each muscle, the agreement between the two sets of 30 measurements performed by three observers was evaluated by calculating an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Regarding the slice through L4 and T12, the reliabilities of the measurement of CSA, CCSA were very good for all the muscles except the parietal muscles. CONCLUSION MRI measurements of the trunk muscle cross-sectional areas and of the CCSA and NCCSA are reliable.
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Relationship between the hip and low back pain in athletes who participate in rotation-related sports. J Sport Rehabil 2009; 18:60-75. [PMID: 19321907 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.18.1.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hip function has been proposed to be related to low back pain (LBP) because of the anatomical proximity of the hip and lumbopelvic region. To date, findings have been inconclusive, possibly because the samples studied were heterogeneous. Sub-grouping samples based on characteristics such as activity demand, LBP classification, and sex might clarify research findings. OBJECTIVE To describe and summarize studies that examine 3 factors proposed to be important to the study of the hip-LBP relationship. DESIGN Review of cross-sectional studies. SETTING Academic health-care center and research laboratory. SUBJECTS 3 groups: athletes with a history of LBP who regularly participate in rotation-related sports, athletes without a history of LBP who are active but do not regularly participate in rotation-related sports, and athletes without a history of LBP who participate in rotation-related sports. MAIN OUTCOME Hip range of motion and hip-lumbopelvic region coordination. MEASURES Hip range of motion was measured with an inclinometer. Coordination was examined based on kinematics obtained with a 3-dimensional motion-capture system. RESULT Differences among groups were found based on activity demand, LBP classification, and sex. CONCLUSION When assessing athletes with and without LBP, characteristics such as activity demand, LBP classification, and sex should be considered.
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Ropponen A, Videman T, Battié MC. The reliability of paraspinal muscles composition measurements using routine spine MRI and their association with back function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 13:349-56. [PMID: 17556006 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2006] [Revised: 01/24/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the reliability of quantitative and qualitative muscle composition measurements of paraspinal muscle cross-sectional areas (CSAs) from routine lumbar spine magnetic resonance images and their association with maximal isokinetic lifting performance. The extent of paraspinal muscle composition reflects back function is currently not known. Measurements were repeated 4-8 weeks apart and different measurements of related constructs were compared. Participants were a population-based sample of 169 males, 35-67 years old, without considering the presence or absence of a history of low back pain or related problems in the selection of subjects. The quantitative and qualitative muscle composition measurements for axial magnetic resonance (MR) images of paraspinal muscles at the L3-L4 lumbar spine level, isokinetic lifting force and work, and body fat percentage were the main outcome measures. Results showed that the reproducibility of different paraspinal muscle composition measurements at the L3-L4 level was excellent for CSAs (ICC=0.95-0.99) and quantitative muscle composition measurements using cerebrospinal fluid adjusted signal intensity (ICC=0.96-0.99), and moderate for qualitative muscle composition ratings (Kappa=0.54-0.76). The correlations of the quantitative and qualitative muscle composition measurements with isokinetic lifting force and work were generally low (r=0.02-0.41), and favoured the qualitative assessments. In conclusion, quantitative and qualitative muscle composition measurements of paraspinal muscles are highly reproducible tissue measures, have low associations with body fat and isokinetic lifting performance, and show that paraspinal muscle morphology using routine spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is poorly related to back function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annina Ropponen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology/Ergonomics, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Cargill SC, Pearcy M, Barry MD. Three-dimensional lumbar spine postures measured by magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2007; 32:1242-8. [PMID: 17495783 DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000263404.66369.a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Investigation of method. OBJECTIVE This study presents a novel method of accurately determining relative bone position in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Biomechanical modeling of the human body requires measurement of the relative positions of skeletal elements. Spinal orientation is particularly difficult to measure due to small joint movements, relative inaccessibility of the bones to direct measurement, and joint complexity. METHODS A process incorporating both positional and conventional MRI was used to measure the skeletal positions of the lumbar spine and pelvis. The method uses higher quality conventional MRI to determine bone geometries and then registers these with lower resolution, positional MRI images of various postures to determine the relative locations of the bones. Flexion/extension, lateral bend, and axial twist rotations were measured for each joint. RESULTS The results indicate good intrameasurer reliability, with a maximum rotational difference for all vertebral registrations of less than 1 degrees and a maximum translational difference of less than 3 mm. While there did not appear to be significant patterns between the 2 Subjects, there were trends within each Subject as well as identifiable postural characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Although processing times are currently lengthy, the data collected are 3-dimensional, and represent the anatomy and movement of a specific individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Cargill
- School of Engineering Systems and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Kang CH, Shin MJ, Kim SM, Lee SH, Lee CS. MRI of paraspinal muscles in lumbar degenerative kyphosis patients and control patients with chronic low back pain. Clin Radiol 2007; 62:479-86. [PMID: 17398274 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 12/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare lumbar musculature in lumbar degenerative kyphosis (LDK) patients and chronic low-back pain (CLBP) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group comprised LDK patients (54 women, aged 44-74 years, mean 60 years) and a control group with CLBP (54 women, aged 45-73 years, mean 60 years). The cross-sectional areas (CSA) of psoas, erector spinae, multifidus, and disc, were measured at the L4-L5 level using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lumbar muscularity was expressed as three ratios: the ratio between CSA of psoas, erector spinae, multifidus and CSA of disc (PS:disc, ES:disc, MF:disc). Multifidus and erector spinae atrophy were evaluated at the L3-L4 level and the degree of fatty atrophy was estimated using three grades: mild, moderate, and severe. The shapes of thoracolumbar fascia were analysed at the L5-S1 level and were classified as flat or convex. RESULTS Lumbar muscularity was found to be significantly smaller (p<0.001) in LDK patients (PS:disc=0.79, SD 0.22; ES:disc=1.36, SD 0.49; MF:disc=0.55, SD 0.21) than the control group patients (PS:disc=0.98, SD 0.23; ES:disc=1.71, SD 0.46; MF:disc=0.86, SD 0.30). Patients with LDK had a higher proportion of fat deposits in the multifidus and erector spinae muscle (p<0.001), and the thoracolumbar fascia at the L5-S1 level was more commonly flat (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Evaluation of paraspinal musculature should be considered when assessing MRI images of the lumbar spine. Measurement of the CSA, visual grading of fatty atrophy and the assessment of the fascia may help physician and radiologist reach a more confident diagnosis for the patients with clinically suspicious LDK.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Kang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Poongnap-dong, Songpa-Ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee PJ, Granata KP. Interface stability influences torso muscle recruitment and spinal load during pushing tasks. ERGONOMICS 2006; 49:235-48. [PMID: 16540437 PMCID: PMC1630675 DOI: 10.1080/00140130500485285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Handle or interface design can influence torso muscle recruitment and spinal load during pushing tasks. The objective of the study was to provide insight into the role of interface stability with regard to torso muscle recruitment and biomechanical loads on the spine. Fourteen subjects generated voluntary isometric trunk flexion force against a rigid interface and similar flexion exertions against an unstable interface, which simulated handle design in a cart pushing task. Normalized electromyographic (EMG) activity in the rectus abdominus, external oblique and internal oblique muscles increased with exertion effort. When using the unstable interface, EMG activity in the internal and external oblique muscle groups was greater than when using the rigid interface. Results agreed with trends from a biomechanical model implemented to predict the muscle activation necessary to generate isometric pushing forces and maintain spinal stability when using the two different interface designs. The co-contraction contributed to increased spinal load when using the unstable interface. It was concluded that handle or interface design and stability may influence spinal load and associated risk of musculoskeletal injury during manual materials tasks that involve pushing exertions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Lee
- Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Laboratories, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 219 Norris Hall (0219), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Campbell-Kyureghyan N, Jorgensen M, Burr D, Marras W. The prediction of lumbar spine geometry: method development and validation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2005; 20:455-64. [PMID: 15836932 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2004] [Revised: 01/18/2005] [Accepted: 01/19/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a new method of predicting the neutral lumbar spine curve from external (non-invasive electrogoniometer) measurements. BACKGROUND Non-invasive techniques for lumbar spine geometry prediction suffer from a lack of a complete geometry description, problems with applicability to field conditions, or both. METHODS The study consisted of three steps. First, utilizing lateral imaging (MRI and X-ray pictures) of the lumbosacral junction, the torso geometry was described using measures of lumbar lordosis via the Cobb method. Second, the relationship between imaging based measurement of lumbar spinal curvature and externally measured torso flexion angle in the sagittal plane using a goniometer was determined. Finally, method validation was performed with an independent set of nine subjects. The predicted lumbar spine curve was determined and the prediction errors were analyzed against the measured curves from digitized lateral X-ray images of the lumbosacral junction. RESULTS The shape of the lumbar curve was described as function of three externally measured parameters. The lumbar spine Cobb angle, segmental centroid positions (S(1)-T(12)), and segmental orientations were predicted from the external lumbar motion monitor measurements, with average precisions of 5.8 degrees , 4.4 mm, and 3.9 degrees , respectively. CONCLUSIONS The position and orientation of each segment (vertebrae and disc), along with the lumbar spine lordosis, can be predicted in the neutral posture using data from back angular measurements. RELEVANCE The consideration of the spine as a curve is necessary to accurately quantify and describe the forces acting along the (lumbar) vertebral column for any given loading. The method could be a very useful prediction tool for industrial and laboratory experiments, as well as analytical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Campbell-Kyureghyan
- Biodynamics Laboratory, IWSE Department, The Ohio State University, 1971 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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