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Levy-Ontman O, Abu-Galiyun E, Huleihel M. Studying the Relationship between the Antiviral Activity and the Structure of ἰ-Carrageenan Using Ultrasonication. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14200. [PMID: 37762503 PMCID: PMC10531741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ἰ-carrageenan is a linear macroalgal polysaccharide that is well known for its antiviral bioactivity. Although it is considered a candidate for antiviral therapeutics, its application is highly limited due to its low solubility and high viscosity, which lower its adsorption efficiency. With the aim of deriving an active ἰ-carrageenan fragment with an improved adsorption capacity, we studied the effects of ultrasonication on structural changes in ἰ-carrageenan with respect to changes in its bioactivity against herpesviruses. An FTIR analysis revealed that ultrasonication increased the hydrophilicity of ἰ-carrageenan without changing its functional groups, and a rheological analysis demonstrated that it gradually decreased the strength of the polysaccharide gel, which completely lost its gel structure and formed small nanoparticles after 30 min of ultrasonication. Concomitantly with these physicochemical changes, a plaque assay revealed that longer ultrasonication increased the antiviral activity of ἰ-carrageenan against two herpesviruses, namely, HSV-1 and VZV. Finally, we separated the 30-min ultrasonicated ἰ-carrageenan into four fractions and found that fractions with a lower molecular weight were significantly less active against both herpesviruses than those with a higher molecular weight. Our findings show that ultrasonication induces physicochemical changes in ἰ-carrageenan that increase its antiviral bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat Levy-Ontman
- Department of Chemical and Green Engineering, Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva 8410802, Israel
| | - Eiman Abu-Galiyun
- Department of Chemical and Green Engineering, Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva 8410802, Israel
| | - Mahmoud Huleihel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel;
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2
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Long J, Ye Z, Li X, Tian Y, Bai Y, Chen L, Qiu C, Xie Z, Jin Z, Svensson B. Enzymatic preparation and potential applications of agar oligosaccharides: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5818-5834. [PMID: 36547517 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2158452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides derived from agar, that is, agarooligosaccharides and neoagarooligosaccharides, have demonstrated various kinds of bioactivities which have been utilized in a variety of fields. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a feasible approach that principally allows for obtaining specific agar oligosaccharides in a sustainable way at an industrial scale. This review summarizes recent technologies employed to improve the properties of agarase. Additionally, the relationship between the degree of polymerization, bioactivities, and potential applications of agar-derived oligosaccharides for pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and agricultural industries are discussed. Engineered agarase exhibited general improvement of enzymatic performance, which is mostly achieved by truncation. Rational and semi-rational design assisted by computational methods present the latest strategy for agarase improvement with greatest potential to satisfy future industrial needs. Agarase immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles via covalent bond formation showed characteristics well suited for industry. Additionally, albeit with the relationship between the degree of polymerization and versatile bioactivities like anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial agents, prebiotics and in skin care of agar-derived oligosaccharides are discussed here, further researches are still needed to unravel the complicated relationship between bioactivity and structure of the different oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Long
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ziying Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingfei Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Long Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengjun Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Buecker S, Grossmann L, Loeffler M, Leeb E, Weiss J. High Molecular Weight λ-Carrageenan Improves the Color Stability of Phycocyanin by Associative Interactions. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.915194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycocyanin is a protein-chromophore structure present in Arthrospira platensis commonly used as a blue-colorant in food. Color losses of phycocyanin can be reduced by electrostatic complexation with λ-carrageenan. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of molecular weight (MW) of λ-carrageenan on the color stabilization of electrostatic complexes formed with phycocyanin and λ-carrageenan. Samples were heated to 70 or 90°C at pH 3.0 and stored at 25°C for 14 days. The MW of λ-carrageenan was reduced by ultrasound treatments for 15, 30, 60, and 90 min. Prolonged ultrasonication had a pronounced effect on the Mw, which decreased from 2,341 to 228 kDa (0–90 min). Complexes prepared with low MW λ-carrageenan showed greater color changes compared to complexes prepared with high MW λ-carrageenan. The MW had no visible effect on color stability on day 0, but green/yellow shifts were observed during storage and after heating to 70°C. Medium MW showed less color stabilization effects compared to low MW when heated to 70°C. Moreover, for solutions prepared with ultrasonicated λ-carrageenan, significant hue shifts toward green/yellow, and precipitation were observed after a heat treatment at 90°C. In addition, the sizes of the complexes were significantly reduced (646–102 nm) by using ultrasonicated λ-carrageenan, except for the lowest MW λ-carrageenan when heated to 90°C. Overall, these findings demonstrated that decreasing the MW of λC had adverse effects on the color stability of PC:λC complexes heated to 70 and 90°C.
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Wei B, Pu Q, Wu C, Zou J, Shi K, Xu B, Ma Y. The temperature induced disruption process of amylopectin under ultrasonic treatments. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:297-303. [PMID: 35192904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, amylopectin was ultrasonicated at different temperatures to explore its disruption process. Results showed a significant decrease in amylopectin Mw after ultrasonic treatments and a retarded effect was detected with the increase of temperatures. The amylopectin disruption process fitted to the second order kinetic model (1/Mwt - 1/Mw0 = kt) and its disruption rate coefficient decreased from 2.203 × 10-8 to 0.986 × 10-8 mol/g min as the temperatures increased from 20 to 80 °C. This was ascribed to the higher vapour pressure and the lower viscosity of the solution at higher temperatures. Ultrasound induced break points preferentially occurred to B3 chains of amylopectin at higher temperatures which contributed to an increase of A chains, which because that amylopectin would be more extended at higher temperatures. The activation energy of amylopectin disruption was negative (-11.6 KJ/mol), which indicated that its scission process by ultrasound was essentially a mechanical action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benxi Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Pu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Chunsen Wu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Yangzhou University, Huayang Xilu 196, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225127, PR China.
| | - Jin Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ke Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Baoguo Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yongkun Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Hu T, Cai W, Cai W, Zheng Z, Xiao Y, Huang Q. Structure, size and aggregated morphology of a β-D-glucan from Lignosus rhinocerotis as affected by ultrasound. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118344. [PMID: 34294351 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the structure, size and aggregated morphology of Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharide (LRP) was investigated. Ultrasonic treatment for 10 min has demonstrated to improve the aqueous solubility of LRP, leading to a uniform and narrow LRP particle size distribution. Meanwhile, short-time ultrasound was found to obviously decrease the molecular size parameters (Mw, Mn, <S2>z1/2, [η] and Rh) of LRP, and transform the hyperbranched LRP molecules into flexible and extended chains, which would reaggregate to form spherical aggregates under long-time ultrasonication. Additionally, Congo red experiment combined with CD analysis indicated the existence of triple helix structure in LRP, which was still retained after ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, under short-time ultrasonication, the spherical aggregates with some branched chains in the native LRP solution could disaggregate and form triple helixes that could be further arranged to a dense network structure, but the untangled LRP chains would reaggregate after long-time ultrasonication. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS STUDIED IN THIS ARTICLE: Congo red (PubChem CID: 11313); Sodium hydroxide (PubChem CID: 14798); Potassium bromide (PubChem CID: 253877).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Wudan Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenfei Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yidong Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Ebrahimnejad P, Nikookar SH, Fazeli-Dinan M, Payman Ziapour S, Farmoudeh A, Babaei A, Enayati A. Preparation, characterisation and comparative toxicity of nanopermethrin against Anopheles stephensi and Culex pipiens. Trop Med Int Health 2021; 26:982-992. [PMID: 33837621 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of nanopermethrin as a potential new formulation for pest and vector control. METHODS Permethrin nanoparticles were prepared by the ionic gelation method and its structure and the formulations were designed using Box-Behnken statistical technique. The effect of independent variables (Chitosan/Permethrin ratio, tripolyphosphate quantity, sonication time) on the properties of nanoparticles was investigated to determine the optimal formulation. RESULTS The size of the nanoparticles ranged from 135.27 ± 5.88 to 539.5 ± 24.01 nm and the insecticide entrapment efficiency per cent (EE%) ranged from 7.72 ± 1.36 to 63.59 ± 3.17%. Anopheles stephensi larvae were then bioassayed with the nanopermethrin and compared with the results of the bioassay with the mother molecule of permethrin using a standard WHO-recommended mosquito larval bioassay kit. LC50 with permethrin and nanopermethrin on larvae of An. stephensi were 0.125 and 0.026 ppm showing a 4.8 times difference. The LC50 for permethrin and nanopermethrin on Culex pipiens were 0.003 and 0.00032 ppm, respectively, showing a 9.4-fold difference. CONCLUSION Nanopermethrin is much more potent than its mother molecule against larvae of An. stephensi and Cx. pipiens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Nikookar
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute and School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute and School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Payman Ziapour
- Department of Parasitology, Zoonosis Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
| | - Ali Farmoudeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Babaei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmadali Enayati
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center, Medical Entomology Department, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Bedell
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 South Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Adam M. Navara
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 South Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yingying Du
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Antonios G. Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 South Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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8
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Sezer P, Okur I, Oztop MH, Alpas H. Improving the physical properties of fish gelatin by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and ultrasonication (US). Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Purlen Sezer
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University 06800 Ankara Turkey
| | - Ilhami Okur
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University 06800 Ankara Turkey
- Department of Food Engineering Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University 51240 Niğde Turkey
| | - Mecit Halil Oztop
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University 06800 Ankara Turkey
| | - Hami Alpas
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University 06800 Ankara Turkey
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Kinetics and Thermodynamics Study of Ultrasound-Assisted Depolymerization of k-Carrageenan in Acidic Solution. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.6738.280-289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
K-carrageenan is a natural polymer with high molecular weight ranging from 100 to 1000 kDa. The oligocarrageenan with low molecular weight is widely used in biomedical application. The aim of this work was to depolymerize k-carrageenan in an acidic solution with the assistance of ultrasound irradiation. The ultrasonication was conducted at various pH (3 and 6), temperatures (30-60 °C), and depolymerization time (0-24 minutes). The results show that the depolymerization reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetic model with reaction rate constant of 1.856×10-7 to 2.138×10-6 s-1. The reaction rate constant increases at higher temperature and lower pH. The Q10-temperature coefficients of the depolymerization are 1.25 and 1.51 for pH 6 and 3, respectively. The enthalpy of activation (ΔH‡) and the Gibbs energy of activation (ΔG‡) are positive, while the entropy of activation (ΔS‡) is negative, indicating that the activation step of the ultrasound-assisted depolymerization of k-carrageenan is endothermic, non-spontaneous, and the molecules at the transition state is more ordered than at the ground state. The ΔH‡ and the ΔS‡ are not affected by temperature, while the ΔG‡ is a weak function of temperature. The ΔH‡ and ΔS‡ become smaller at higher pH, while the ΔG‡ increases with the increase of pH. The kinetics and thermodynamics analysis show that the ultrasound-assisted depolymerization of k-carrageenan in acidic solution is possibly through three mechanisms, i.e. bond cleavage due to cavitational effect of microbubbles, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide, as well as proton. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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10
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Zhu B, Ni F, Xiong Q, Yao Z. Marine oligosaccharides originated from seaweeds: Source, preparation, structure, physiological activity and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:60-74. [PMID: 31968996 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1716207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides originated from seaweeds, including agar, alginate, carrageenan, and fucoidan, possess various kinds of physiological activities and have been widely used in food, agricultural and medical areas. However, the application has been greatly limited by their poor solubility and low bioavailability. Thus marine oligosaccharides, as the degradation products of those polysaccharides, have drawn increasing attentions due to their obvious biological activities, good solubility and excellent bioavailability. This review will summarize the recent advances on the source, molecular structure and physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides, emphasizing their application as functional food additives. Furthermore, the relationship between the structure and the physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides is also elucidated and highlighted. The review concludes with an outlook toward potential applications for preparing the functional oligosaccharides in food biotechnology and agriculture fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Fang Ni
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Qiang Xiong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
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12
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Gomez-Zavaglia A, Prieto Lage MA, Jimenez-Lopez C, Mejuto JC, Simal-Gandara J. The Potential of Seaweeds as a Source of Functional Ingredients of Prebiotic and Antioxidant Value. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090406. [PMID: 31533320 PMCID: PMC6770939 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two thirds of the world is covered by oceans, whose upper layer is inhabited by algae. This means that there is a large extension to obtain these photoautotrophic organisms. Algae have undergone a boom in recent years, with consequent discoveries and advances in this field. Algae are not only of high ecological value but also of great economic importance. Possible applications of algae are very diverse and include anti-biofilm activity, production of biofuels, bioremediation, as fertilizer, as fish feed, as food or food ingredients, in pharmacology (since they show antioxidant or contraceptive activities), in cosmeceutical formulation, and in such other applications as filters or for obtaining minerals. In this context, algae as food can be of help to maintain or even improve human health, and there is a growing interest in new products called functional foods, which can promote such a healthy state. Therefore, in this search, one of the main areas of research is the extraction and characterization of new natural ingredients with biological activity (e.g., prebiotic and antioxidant) that can contribute to consumers' well-being. The present review shows the results of a bibliographic survey on the chemical composition of macroalgae, together with a critical discussion about their potential as natural sources of new functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA), CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calle 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires 1900, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Prieto Lage
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Lopez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan C Mejuto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Torres MD, Flórez-Fernández N, Domínguez H. Integral Utilization of Red Seaweed for Bioactive Production. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E314. [PMID: 31142051 PMCID: PMC6627364 DOI: 10.3390/md17060314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrocolloids carrageenan and agar are the major fraction industrially extracted and commercialized from red seaweeds. However, this type of macroalgae also contains a variety of components with nutritional, functional and biological properties. In the context of sustainability and bioeconomy, where the integral utilization of the natural resources is incentivized, the sequential separation and valorization of seaweed components with biological properties of interest for food, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals and pharmaceuticals is proposed. In this work, a review of the available conventional and alternative greener and efficient extraction for obtaining red seaweed bioactives is presented. The potential of emerging technologies for the production of valuable oligomers from carrageenan and agar is also commented, and finally, the sequential extraction of the constituent fractions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dolores Torres
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Noelia Flórez-Fernández
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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14
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Raoufi N, Kadkhodaee R, Fang Y, Phillips GO. Ultrasonic degradation of Persian gum and gum tragacanth: Effect on chain conformation and molecular properties. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 52:311-317. [PMID: 30563796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study introduces the ultrasonic modification of two Iranian native gum exudates, Persian gum (PG) and gum tragacanth (GT) for the first time. They were sonicated at a constant frequency of 20 kHz and temperature of 60 °C for various times (0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 min) and the changes in their molecular properties were investigated using oven drying, gel permeation chromatography-multiangle laser-light scattering (GPC-MALLS), rheometery and FTIR analysis. Results indicated that the soluble dry mass of both hydrocolloids was extensively enhanced (from less than 10% at time zero to more than 90% at the end of treatment time) by sonication. Moreover, the molecular weight and viscosity of gums dispersions were decreased with the increase of the treatment time. Fracture in polysaccharide chains was confirmed by analysis of the molecular weight parameters. Calculation of chain breaks and polydispersity index (PDI) revealed that scissions occurred at the backbone as well as the side branches. PG, owing to its higher molecular weight, displayed more extensive and faster degradation than GT. However, the chain rupture of GT was twice more than that of PG at the end of sonication time. The specific volume for gyration (SVg) and molecular density (ρ) showed that intact PG contains compactly packed molecules with greater number of cross-linked bonds compared to GT. Furthermore, the conformational changes into semi-flexible chains and worm-like coils were determined for both gums after 40 min sonication. Variation of the molecular density along with the results of FTIR analysis demonstrated that ultrasonication broke C-O-C bonds in both PG and GT leading to more flexible chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Raoufi
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rassoul Kadkhodaee
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Bioengineering and Food Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Ltd, 2 Plymouth Drive, CF15 8BL Radyr, Cardiff, UK
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Thermal stability of red algal galactans: Effect of molecular structure and counterions. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Koshani R, Aminlari M. Physicochemical and functional properties of ultrasonic-treated tragacanth hydrogels cross-linked to lysozyme. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:948-956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Farahnaky A, Zendeboodi F, Azizi R, Mesbahi G, Majzoobi M. Solubilization of bovine gelatin using power ultrasound: gelation without heating. J Texture Stud 2017; 48:87-94. [PMID: 28370112 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of power ultrasound without using any heating stage in solubilizeing gelatin dispersions, and to characterize the mechanical and microstructural properties of the resulting gels using texture analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Usually to prepare a gel from gelatin, a primary heating stage of at about 40C or above is required to solubilize gelatin macromolecules. In this study solubilizing gelatin dispersions using power ultrasound without any heating was successfully performed. For solubilising gelatin, an ultrasound equipment with a frequency of 20 kHz, amplitude of 100% and power range of 50-150 W was used. Aqueous gelatin dispersions (4% w/v) were subjected to ultrasound for different times (40-240 s) at a constant temperature of 13C. Applying ultrasound to gelatin dispersions caused increases in water absorption and water solubility of the hydrocolloid. The textural parameters of the resulting gelatin gels, increased with increasing time and power of ultrasound. Moreover, a generalized Maxwell model with three elements was used for calculating relaxation times of the gels. The microstructural observations by SEM showed that the structural cohesiveness of the gels increased by increasing ultrasonication time. Ultrasound-assisted solubilization of gelatin can have emerging implications for industrial uses in pharmaceuticals, food and non-food systems. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Usually to prepare a gel from gelatin, a primary heating stage of at about 40C or above is required to solubilize gelatin macromolecules. Therefore, the use of gelatin as a hydrocolloid in food processings or pharmaceutical formulations which lack a heating step has been a technological and practical challenge. In this study solubilizing gelatin dispersions using power ultrasound without any heating was successfully performed. Ultrasound-assisted solubilisation of gelatin can have emerging implications for industrial uses in pharmaceuticals, food, and non-food systems, for example, to conserve heat sensitive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Farahnaky
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation and ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zendeboodi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rezvan Azizi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mesbahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Majzoobi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
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Zia KM, Tabasum S, Nasif M, Sultan N, Aslam N, Noreen A, Zuber M. A review on synthesis, properties and applications of natural polymer based carrageenan blends and composites. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 96:282-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gurpilhares DDB, Moreira TR, Bueno JDL, Cinelli LP, Mazzola PG, Pessoa A, Sette LD. “Algae’s sulfated polysaccharides modifications: Potential use of microbial enzymes”. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yan JK, Wang YY, Ma HL, Wang ZB. Ultrasonic effects on the degradation kinetics, preliminary characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus mycelia. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 29:251-7. [PMID: 26585005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide PL-N isolated from the alkaline extract of Phellinus linteus mycelia was degraded by ultrasound. Results showed that ultrasound treatment at different ultrasonic intensities decreased the intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight of PL-N, as well as narrowed the molecular weight distribution. A larger reduction in intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight was caused by a higher ultrasonic intensity. The degradation kinetics model was fitted to (1/Mt-1/M0)=k·t, and the reaction rate constant (k) increased with increasing ultrasonic intensity. Ultrasound degradation did not change the primary structure of PL-N, and scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that the morphology of the original PL-N was different from that of degraded PL-N fractions. Antioxidant activity assays in vitro indicated that the degraded PL-N fraction with low molecular weight had stronger hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and higher TEAC and FRAP values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Kun Yan
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Physical Processing of Agricultural Products Key Lab of Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yao-Yao Wang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hai-Le Ma
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Physical Processing of Agricultural Products Key Lab of Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Wang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Physical Processing of Agricultural Products Key Lab of Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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de Jesus Raposo MF, de Morais AMMB, de Morais RMSC. Emergent Sources of Prebiotics: Seaweeds and Microalgae. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E27. [PMID: 26828501 PMCID: PMC4771980 DOI: 10.3390/md14020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, scientists have become aware that human microbiota, in general, and gut microbiota, in particular, play a major role in human health and diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, among others. A large number of evidence has come to light regarding the beneficial effects, either for the host or the gut microbiota, of some foods and food ingredients or biochemical compounds. Among these, the most promising seem to be polysaccharides (PS) or their derivatives, and they include the dietary fibers. Some of these PS can be found in seaweeds and microalgae, some being soluble fibers, such as alginates, fucoidans, carrageenans and exopolysaccharides, that are not fermented, at least not completely, by colonic microbiota. This review gives an overview of the importance of the dietary fibers, as well as the benefits of prebiotics, to human health. The potential of the PS from marine macro- and microalgae to act as prebiotics is discussed, and the different techniques to obtain oligosaccharides from PS are presented. The mechanisms of the benefits of fiber, in general, and the types and benefits of algal fibers in human health are highlighted. The findings of some recent studies that present the potential effects of prebiotics on animal models of algal biomass and their extracts, as well as oligo- and polysaccharides, are presented. In the future, the possibility of using prebiotics to modulate the microbiome, and, consequently, prevent certain human diseases is foreseen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Filomena de Jesus Raposo
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alcina Maria Miranda Bernardo de Morais
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Manuel Santos Costa de Morais
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal.
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Achour O, Poupard N, Bridiau N, Bordenave Juchereau S, Sannier F, Piot JM, Fruitier Arnaudin I, Maugard T. Anti-heparanase activity of ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin produced by physicochemical depolymerization. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 135:316-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yan JK, Pei JJ, Ma HL, Wang ZB. Effects of ultrasound on molecular properties, structure, chain conformation and degradation kinetics of carboxylic curdlan. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 121:64-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yu X, Zhou C, Yang H, Huang X, Ma H, Qin X, Hu J. Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the degradation and inhibition cancer cell lines of polysaccharides from Porphyra yezoensis. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 117:650-656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Physicochemical and morphological properties of size-controlled chitosan–tripolyphosphate nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Li L, Ni R, Shao Y, Mao S. Carrageenan and its applications in drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Guo X, Ye X, Sun Y, Wu D, Wu N, Hu Y, Chen S. Ultrasound effects on the degradation kinetics, structure, and antioxidant activity of sea cucumber fucoidan. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1088-1095. [PMID: 24437708 DOI: 10.1021/jf404717y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultrasound on the molecular weight, structure, and antioxidant potential of a fucoidan found in Isostichopus badionotus were investigated. The results showed the molecular weight (Mw) of fucoidan decreased obviously after ultrasound treatment. Higher ultrasonic intensity, lower temperature, and lower fucoidan concentrations led to a more effective sonochemical effect. The kinetic model for fucoidan degradation fitted to 1/M(wt)-1/M(w0) = kt at the tested temperature. The optimized degradation conditions by response surface methodology (RSM) were temperature, 12 °C, and intensity, 508 W/cm². Structural analysis by FTIR and NMR indicated the fucoidan kept the linear tetrasaccharide repeating units as the original polysaccharides after the ultrasound treatment, with only slight destruction of the middle nonsulfated fucose units. Antioxidant activity assay showed the antioxidant activity was slightly improved by the ultrasound treatment. The results suggested that ultrasound treatment is an effective approach to decrease the M(w) of fucoidan with only minor structural destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R&D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310029, China
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30
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Using power ultrasound for cold gelation of kappa-carrageenan in presence of sodium ions. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sulaiman AZ, Ajit A, Chisti Y. Ultrasound mediated enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:1448-57. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak; 26300 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Azilah Ajit
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources; Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak; 26300 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University; Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North New Zealand
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Achour O, Bridiau N, Godhbani A, Le Joubioux F, Bordenave Juchereau S, Sannier F, Piot JM, Fruitier Arnaudin I, Maugard T. Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) with anticoagulant activity. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:684-9. [PMID: 23911501 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is currently used as an anticoagulant agent and constitutes an alternative to unfractionated heparin, which is the cause of serious adverse drug reaction such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Commercially available LMWH is produced by enzymatic depolymerization that is costly or by chemical methods that are generally carried out under conditions that could imply side reactions that reduce final product efficiency and yields. In this work, we present the use of a physicochemical method for the production of LMWH. This method consists in the use of hydrogen peroxide-catalyzed radical hydrolysis assisted by ultrasonic waves. LMWH that are produced using this physicochemical method have an average molecular weight and anticoagulant properties (Anti-Xa and Anti-IIa) that are comparable to some of commercial LMWH that are currently used. Ultrasonic-assisted radical depolymerization of heparin leads to products with a remarkably low polydispersity index. Moreover, in comparison to other LMWH such as those produced by enzymatic β-elimination, this physicochemical depolymerization of heparin induces fewer oligosaccharides with less than five monosaccharide units. This contributes to the better preservation of the ATIII pentasaccharide binding sequence, which results in a high Anti-Xa/Anti-IIa ratio (1.86). However, LMWH obtained using this physicochemical method have a lower degree of sulfation than other LMWH, which seems to be the cause of a lower Anti-Xa and Anti-IIa activity (143.62±5.42 and 77.07±4.4, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Achour
- Université de La Rochelle, UMR CNRS 7266, LIENSs, Equipe Approches Moléculaires Environnement-Santé, Département de Biotechnologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
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Zhang L, Ye X, Ding T, Sun X, Xu Y, Liu D. Ultrasound effects on the degradation kinetics, structure and rheological properties of apple pectin. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:222-31. [PMID: 22982008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultrasound on the molecular weight of apple pectin were investigated. The structure and rheological properties of the degradation products were also tentatively identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array Detector (HPLC-PAD), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Rheometer. The results indicated that the weight-average molecular weight of apple pectin decreased obviously after ultrasound treatment. The molecular weight of degradation products had a uniform and narrow distribution. Ultrasound intensity and temperature play an important role in the degradation reaction. Degradation kinetics model of apple pectin fitted to 1/M(t) - 1/M(0) = kt from 5 to 45 °C. The degree of methylation of apple pectin reduced according to IR analysis when ultrasound was applied. Ultrasound treatment could not alter the primary structure of apple pectin according to the results determined by HPLC, IR and NMR. Meanwhile, the viscosity of apple pectin was 10(3) times as large as that of ultrasound-treated apple pectin. The ultrasound-treated apple pectin showed predominantly viscous responses (G' < G") over the same frequency range. The results suggested that ultrasound provided a viable alternative method for the modification of pectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
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Bertram U, Bodmeier R. Effect of polymer molecular weight and of polymer blends on the properties of rapidly gelling nasal inserts. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 38:659-69. [PMID: 22537309 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.598536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the potential of polymer molecular weight (MW) and polymer blends for the control of drug release from in situ gelling nasal inserts prepared by lyophilization of solutions of model drugs (oxymetazoline HCl, diprophyllin) and polymers. Drug release, polymer solution viscosity, water uptake and mass loss, mechanical properties, and bioadhesion potential were measured. Sonication was effective to reduce the viscosity/polymer MW of carrageenan solutions. Nasal inserts prepared from sonicated carrageenan showed an insignificant reduction in water uptake with sonication time and no disintegration of the gel matrix. In contrast, inserts of different MW Na-alginates revealed a reduced water uptake and an increased mass loss with lower MW. Inserts prepared from carrageenan/low MW Na-alginate blends took up more water at a higher low MW Na-alginate content. Sonicated carrageenan inserts released oxymetazoline HCl independent of the sonication time and diprophyllin with only a slight reduction in the release rate. Release of both drugs from Na-alginate inserts was slow from high MW inserts because no insert dissolution occurred. Increasing the Na-alginate content of inserts prepared from polymer blends accelerated the drug release enabling release rates over a broad range. The bioadhesion potential of Na-alginate inserts was strongly reduced for the low MW grades because of dissolution of the inserts. Xanthan gum and Carbopol 971 blended with Na-alginate formed inserts with poor bioadhesion. The use of polymer blends to control the drug release from nasal inserts was superior to the use of polymers of different MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Bertram
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
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Wong SS, Kasapis S, Huang D. Molecular weight and crystallinity alteration of cellulose via prolonged ultrasound fragmentation. Food Hydrocoll 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shchukin DG, Skorb E, Belova V, Möhwald H. Ultrasonic cavitation at solid surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1922-34. [PMID: 21337429 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201004494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the great potential of applying high-intensity ultrasound, which enables high-temperature and high-pressure chemistry with a reactor near room temperature and ambient pressure, sonochemistry at solid surfaces is at a weak stage of understanding with regards to the development of new materials and composite nanostructures. The science towards a quantitative understanding is only now emerging. On the other hand, in many applications an ultrasonic bath is used without thinking of the mechanism. Often surfaces are exposed to ultrasound for cleaning. Since ultrasonic treatment is not an exotic process and applicable even on large scale in industrial manufacturing, controlling the process may lead to new applications making use of the specially designed surface. This review is intended to summarize recent progress in this field and to point out most promising directions of ultrasound application for the development of new materials with functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry G Shchukin
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, D-14424 Potsdam, Germany.
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Chen RH, Huang JR, Tsai ML, Tseng LZ, Hsu CH. Differences in degradation kinetics for sonolysis, microfluidization and shearing treatments of chitosan. POLYM INT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.3055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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ZHANG Z, LV G, PAN H, SHI L, FAN L. Optimization of the Microwave-Assisted Extraction Process for Polysaccharides in Himematsutake (Agaricus blazei Murrill) and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.17.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Koda S, Taguchi K, Futamura K. Effects of frequency and a radical scavenger on ultrasonic degradation of water-soluble polymers. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:276-281. [PMID: 20638318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic degradation of methyl cellulose, pullulan, dextran and poly(ethylene oxide) in aqueous solutions was investigated at the frequencies of 20 and 500 kHz, where the ultrasonic power delivered into solutions was kept constant (22 W). The number average molecular mass and the polydispersity were obtained as a function of sonication time. The degradation under sonication at the 500 kHz frequency proceeded faster in comparison with the 20 kHz sonication for four polymers. The addition of a radical scavenger, t-BuOH, resulted in suppression of degradation of water-soluble polymers. The degradation rate constants were estimated from the plot of molecular weight against sonication time. The degradation rate of methyl cellulose was the largest one among the investigated polymers. The difference in the degradation rates was discussed in terms of the flexibility and the hydrodynamic radius of polymer chains in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Koda
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
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Tsai ML, Tseng LZ, Chang HW, Hsu CH, Chen RH. Facile method to manipulate the molecular weight and practical mass production of chitosan by mechanical shearing and concurrent ultrafiltration treatment. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tischer PCSF, Sierakowski MR, Westfahl H, Tischer CA. Nanostructural Reorganization of Bacterial Cellulose by Ultrasonic Treatment. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1217-24. [DOI: 10.1021/bm901383a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula C. S. Faria Tischer
- Laboratório de Biopolímeros, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Caixa Postal 19081, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal. 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Sierakowski
- Laboratório de Biopolímeros, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Caixa Postal 19081, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal. 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Harry Westfahl
- Laboratório de Biopolímeros, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Caixa Postal 19081, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal. 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cesar Augusto Tischer
- Laboratório de Biopolímeros, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Caixa Postal 19081, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal. 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Wong SS, Ngiam ZRJ, Kasapis S, Huang D. Novel sulfation of curdlan assisted by ultrasonication. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 46:385-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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HARTE FEDERICO, VENEGAS ROCÍO. A MODEL FOR VISCOSITY REDUCTION IN POLYSACCHARIDES SUBJECTED TO HIGH-PRESSURE HOMOGENIZATION. J Texture Stud 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4603.2009.00212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun T, Tao H, Xie J, Zhang S, Xu X. Degradation and antioxidant activity of κ-carrageenans. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Courtois J. Oligosaccharides from land plants and algae: production and applications in therapeutics and biotechnology. Curr Opin Microbiol 2009; 12:261-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Nanocomposite particles with core–shell morphology III: preparation and characterization of nano Al2O3–poly(styrene–methyl methacrylate) particles via miniemulsion polymerization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-009-0090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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