1
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Kaur S, Mendonca P, Soliman KFA. The Anticancer Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2024; 16:2392. [PMID: 39125273 PMCID: PMC11314279 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer, is an aggressive phenotype that lacks estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth (HER-2) receptors, which is challenging to treat with standardized hormonal therapy. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. Besides anti-tumorigenic, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects, kaempferol protects non-cancerous cells. Kaempferol showed anti-breast cancer effects by inducing DNA damage and increasing caspase 3, caspase 9, and pAMT expression, modifying ROS production by Nrf2 modulation, inducing apoptosis by increasing cleaved PARP and Bax and downregulating Bcl-2 expression, inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase; inhibiting immune evasion by modulating the JAK-STAT3 pathway; and inhibiting the angiogenic and metastatic potential of tumors by downregulating MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels. Kaempferol holds promise for boosting the efficacy of anticancer agents, complementing their effects, or reversing developed chemoresistance. Exploring novel TNBC molecular targets with kaempferol could elucidate its mechanisms and identify strategies to overcome limitations for clinical application. This review summarizes the latest research on kaempferol's potential as an anti-TNBC agent, highlighting promising but underexplored molecular pathways and delivery challenges that warrant further investigation to achieve successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmandeep Kaur
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
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2
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Mahbub AA, Maitre CLL, Haywood-Small S, Cross NA, Jordan-Mahy N. Polyphenols enhance the activity of alkylating agents in leukaemia cell lines. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4570-4586. [PMID: 31360305 PMCID: PMC6642044 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have been shown to sensitize solid tumours to alkylating agents such as cisplatin, and induce apoptosis and/or cell-cycle arrest. Here, we assess the effects of five polyphenols alone and in combination with three alkylating agents: cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil in lymphoid and myeloid leukaemia cells lines, and non-tumour control cells. In lymphoid leukaemia cell lines there was a synergistic reduction in ATP and glutathione levels, an induction of cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis when quercetin, apigenin, emodin and rhein were combined with cisplatin and cyclophosphamide; and when apigenin and rhein were combined with chlorambucil. In myeloid leukaemia cells quercetin, apigenin and emodin showed a similar synergistic effect with all alkylating agents; however antagonistic effects were observed with some or all alkylating agents when combined with emodin, rhein and cis-stilbene. All synergistic effects were associated with reduced glutathione levels, DNA damage and apoptosis; whilst during antagonism the reverse effects were observed. The combination of alkylating agents, particularly cisplatin with polyphenols could be promising for the treatment of lymphoid leukaemias, with apigenin showing the greatest effects. Likewise in myeloid cells apigenin also synergised the action of all alkylating agents, suggesting that apigenin may also be beneficial in myeloid leukaemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani A Mahbub
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Laboratory Medicine Department, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sarah Haywood-Small
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Neil A Cross
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicola Jordan-Mahy
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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3
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Milata V, Svedova A, Barbierikova Z, Holubkova E, Cipakova I, Cholujova D, Jakubikova J, Panik M, Jantova S, Brezova V, Cipak L. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel 9- O-Substituted Berberine Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092169. [PMID: 31052469 PMCID: PMC6539820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine is a bioactive isoquinoline alkaloid derived from many plants. Although berberine has been shown to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of several tumor cell lines, its poor absorption and moderate activity hamper its full therapeutic potential. Here, we describe the synthesis of a series of 9-O-substituted berberine derivatives with improved antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities. An analysis of novel berberine derivatives by EPR spectroscopy confirmed their similar photosensitivity and analogous behavior upon UVA irradiation as berberine, supporting their potential to generate ROS. Improved antitumor activity of novel berberine derivatives was revealed by MTT assay, by flow cytometry and by detection of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activation, respectively. We showed that novel berberine derivatives are potent inhibitors of growth of HeLa and HL-60 tumor cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.7 to 16.7 µM for HL-60 cells and 36 to >200 µM for HeLa cells after 48 h treatment. Further cell cycle analysis showed that the observed inhibition of growth of HL-60 cells treated with berberine derivatives was due to arresting these cells in the G2/M and S phases. Most strikingly, we found that berberine derivative 3 (9-(3-bromopropoxy)-10-methoxy-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a] isoquinolin-7-ylium bromide) possesses 30-fold superior antiproliferative activity with an IC50 value of 0.7 µM and 6-fold higher apoptosis-inducing activity in HL-60 leukemia cells compared to berberine. Therefore, further studies are merited of the antitumor activity in leukemia cells of this berberine derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Milata
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Alexandra Svedova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Barbierikova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Eva Holubkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Ingrid Cipakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Dana Cholujova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Jakubikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Miroslav Panik
- Institute of Management, Slovak University of Technology, 812 33 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Sona Jantova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Vlasta Brezova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Lubos Cipak
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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4
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Mahbub A, Le Maitre C, Haywood-Small S, Cross N, Jordan-Mahy N. Dietary polyphenols influence antimetabolite agents: methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine and 5-fluorouracil in leukemia cell lines. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104877-104893. [PMID: 29285220 PMCID: PMC5739607 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have been previously shown to sensitize leukemia cell lines to topoisomerase inhibitors. Here, we assess the effects of five polyphenols when used alone and in combination with antimetabolites: methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine and 5-fluorouracil; in lymphoid and myeloid leukemia cells lines, and non-tumor control cells. The effects of combined treatments were investigated on ATP and glutathione levels, cell-cycle progression, DNA damage and apoptosis. Polyphenols antagonized methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in most leukemia cell lines. This was associated with reduced DNA damage and increased glutathione levels, greater than that seen following individual treatments alone. In contrast, 5-fluorouracil when combined with quercetin, apigenin and rhein caused synergistic decrease in ATP levels, induction of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in some leukemia cell lines. However, antagonistic effects were observed when 5-fluorouracil was combined with rhein and cis-stilbene in myeloid cell lines. The effects were dependant on polyphenol type and chemotherapy agent investigated, and cell type treated. Interestingly treatment of non-tumor control cells with polyphenols protected cells from antimetabolite treatments. This suggests that polyphenols modulate the action of antimetabolite agents; more importantly they antagonized methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine actions, thus suggesting the requirement of polyphenol-exclusion during their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Mahbub
- Laboratory Medicine College, Pathology Department, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christine Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Center, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Haywood-Small
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Center, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Neil Cross
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Center, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicola Jordan-Mahy
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Center, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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5
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Menezes JCJMDS, Orlikova B, Morceau F, Diederich M. Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Chemotherapeutic Potential for the Treatment of Leukemia. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56 Suppl 1:S4-S28. [PMID: 26463658 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1074532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids and their derivatives are polyphenolic secondary metabolites with an extensive spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antioxidants, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. These flavonoids can also act as chemopreventive agents by their interaction with different proteins and can play a vital role in chemotherapy, suggesting a positive correlation between a lower risk of cancer and a flavonoid-rich diet. These agents interfere with the main hallmarks of cancer by various individual mechanisms, such as inhibition of cell growth and proliferation by arresting the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis and differentiation, or a combination of these mechanisms. This review is an effort to highlight the therapeutic potential of natural and synthetic flavonoids as anticancer agents in leukemia treatment with respect to the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and their molecular mechanisms. Induction of cell death mechanisms, production of reactive oxygen species, and drug resistance mechanisms, including p-glycoprotein efflux, are among the best-described effects triggered by the flavonoid polyphenol family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbora Orlikova
- b Department of Pharmacy , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , South Korea.,c Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Franck Morceau
- c Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- b Department of Pharmacy , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , South Korea
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6
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Mahbub AA, Le Maitre CL, Haywood-Small SL, Cross NA, Jordan-Mahy N. Polyphenols act synergistically with doxorubicin and etoposide in leukaemia cell lines. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15043. [PMID: 27551472 PMCID: PMC4979421 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effects of polyphenols when used in combination with doxorubicin and etoposide, and to determine whether polyphenols sensitised leukaemia cells, causing inhibition of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. This study is based on findings in solid cancer tumours, which have shown that polyphenols can sensitize cells to chemotherapy, and induce apoptosis and/or cell-cycle arrest. This could enable a reduction of chemotherapy dose and off-target effects, whilst maintaining treatment efficacy. Quercetin, apigenin, emodin, rhein and cis-stilbene were investigated alone and in combination with etoposide and doxorubicin in two lymphoid and two myeloid leukaemia cells lines. Measurements were made of ATP levels (using CellTiter-Glo assay) as an indication of total cell number, cell cycle progression (using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry) and apoptosis (NucView caspase 3 assay and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining). Effects of combination treatments on caspases 3, 8 and 9 activity were determined using Glo luminescent assays, glutathione levels were measured using the GSH-Glo Glutathione Assay and DNA damage determined by anti-γH2AX staining. Doxorubicin and etoposide in combination with polyphenols synergistically reduced ATP levels, induced apoptosis and increased S and/or G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in lymphoid leukaemia cell lines. However, in the myeloid cell lines the effects of the combination treatments varied; doxorubicin had a synergistic or additive effect when combined with quercetin, apigenin, emodin, and cis-stilbene, but had an antagonistic effect when combined with rhein. Combination treatment caused a synergistic downregulation of glutathione levels and increased DNA damage, driving apoptosis via caspase 8 and 9 activation. However, in myeloid cells where antagonistic effects were observed, this was associated with increased glutathione levels and a reduction in DNA damage and apoptosis. This study has demonstrated that doxorubicin and etoposide activity were enhanced by polyphenols in lymphoid leukaemia cells, however, differential responses were seen in myeloid cells with antagonistic responses seen in some combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mahbub
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University , Floor 7, The Owen Building, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - C L Le Maitre
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University , Floor 7, The Owen Building, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - S L Haywood-Small
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University , Floor 7, The Owen Building, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - N A Cross
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University , Floor 7, The Owen Building, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
| | - N Jordan-Mahy
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University , Floor 7, The Owen Building, Howard Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S1 1WB, UK
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7
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the ability of luteolin (Lut), gemcitabine (Gem), and their combination (Lut + Gem) to prevent the growth of pancreatic tumors in vivo. METHODS The antitumor effect of intraperitoneally administered Lut, Gem, and Lut + Gem was evaluated using an orthotopic mouse model for 6 weeks. Tumor growth after injection of human pancreatic cancer cells was assessed by measuring pancreatic tumor mass. The mechanism of action of antitumor effect was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot procedures. RESULTS Luteolin + Gem significantly lowered (P = 0.048) the pancreatic tumor mass compared with control. Luteolin, Gem, and Lut + Gem significantly reduced the proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression (25%, 37%, and 37%, respectively). Luteolin + Gem treatment led to a significant reduction in the expressions of K-ras (46%, P = 0.0006), GSK-3β (34%, P = 0.014), P(Tyr216)GSK-3β (16%, P = 0.033), P(Ser311)NF-κB p65 (27%, P = 0.036), and bcl-2/bax ratio (68%, P = 0.006) while significantly increasing the expressions of cytochrome c (44%, P = 0.035) and caspase 3 (417%, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Luteolin + Gem promoted apoptotic cell death in pancreatic tumor cells in vivo through inhibition of the K-ras/GSK-3β/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to a reduction in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase 3.
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8
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Effects of hypercholesterolemic diet enriched with onion as functional ingredient on fatty acid metabolism in Wistar rats. Food Res Int 2014; 64:546-552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Johnson JL, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Interactions between dietary flavonoids apigenin or luteolin and chemotherapeutic drugs to potentiate anti-proliferative effect on human pancreatic cancer cells, in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 60:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Zwang TJ, Singh K, Johal MS, Selassie CR. Elucidation of the Molecular Interaction between Cisplatin and Flavonol(s) and their Effect on DNA Binding. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1491-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3016798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore J. Zwang
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North
College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Kavisha Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North
College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Malkiat S. Johal
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North
College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Cynthia R. Selassie
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North
College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
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11
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Uçar E, Arda N, Aitken A. Extract from mistletoe, Viscum album L., reduces Hsp27 and 14-3-3 protein expression and induces apoptosis in C6 rat glioma cells. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:2801-13. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.august.24.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Cipak L, Grausova L, Miadokova E, Novotny L, Rauko P. Dual activity of triterpenoids: apoptotic versus antidifferentiation effects. Arch Toxicol 2006; 80:429-35. [PMID: 16496127 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-006-0072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2005] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenoids are natural, biologically active compounds extracted from many plants. They possess antiinflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. In the report presented, antiproliferative effects and leukemia cell growth and apoptosis modulating activities of ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) were investigated. Both triterpenoids are inhibitors of leukemia cell growth and inductors of apoptosis. However, when applied in combination with anthracycline antitumor antibiotic doxorubicin (Dox), UA and OA diversely modulate therapeutic efficacy of Dox, due to different antioxidant activities. Compare to OA showing synergism/additive effect with Dox, UA (stronger antioxidant) acts antagonistically and reduces leukemia cell growth inhibiting and differentiation effects induced by Dox. In conclusion, these findings suggest that although triterpenoids UA and OA can induce apoptosis, their antioxidant activities can interfere with the therapeutic effect of antitumor antibiotic Dox which mechanism of action is attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Interactions
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Leukemia L1210/drug therapy
- Leukemia L1210/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Oleanolic Acid/pharmacology
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Ursolic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubos Cipak
- Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 7, 833-91 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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13
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Influence of galangin on HL-60 cell proliferation and survival. Cancer Lett 2006; 243:80-9. [PMID: 16413113 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Revised: 11/15/2005] [Accepted: 11/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of galangin, a flavonol component of India root spice and the 'herbal' medicine propolis, on HL-60 human leukaemia cell survival is characterised. Galangin (1-100 microM) exerted an antiproliferative effect that, with dose and exposure longevity, was progressively associated with an elevated hypodiploid DNA content and expression of the active form of caspase-3, principally prior to membrane damage. At >or=50 microM, plasmamembrane phosphatidylserine exposure was observed. There was no evidence for intracellular oxidative stress as an orchestrator of cytotoxicity and significant phagocyte-like differentiation was not detected. We discuss whether such cytotoxicity will be therapeutically exploitable or contribute to cancer prevention within a pharmacological or dietary context.
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14
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Peng L, Wang B, Ren P. Reduction of MTT by flavonoids in the absence of cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2005; 45:108-11. [PMID: 16150580 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) is used to determine cell viability in assays of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. MTT is reduced in metabolically active cells to yield an insoluble purple formazan product. However, in this study, using a colorimetric method with MTT, we demonstrated that luteolin and quercetin (both are flavonoids) can reduce MTT in the absence of living cells. We also examined effects of some experimental conditions on the reaction, such as concentrations of flavonoids, incubation time, the structure and the existing form in solvents of flavonoids. The maximal absorbance values, which were 0.355 (luteolin) and 0.491 (quercetin), were observed when the concentrations of flavonoids were 200 microg/ml. Incubating MTT with flavonoids for 8 h, the absorbance values got the maximum, which were 0.320 (luteolin) and 0.398 (quercetin). The ability of flavonoids reducing MTT in RPMI-1640 with 10% fetal calf serum was higher than that in anhydrous ethanol. And the ability of quercetin reducing MTT was higher than that of luteolin both in RPMI-1640 with 10% fetal calf serum and anhydrous ethanol. Based on the results, this undescribed reaction can significantly influence the results of experiments using the MTT assay to measure the effects of flavonoids on cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Peng
- Key Lab of Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering under the State Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
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15
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Jakubowicz-Gil J, Paduch R, Piersiak T, Głowniak K, Gawron A, Kandefer-Szerszeń M. The effect of quercetin on pro-apoptotic activity of cisplatin in HeLa cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 69:1343-50. [PMID: 15826605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that some tumour cells are very resistant to chemotherapy-induced cell death which indicate poor prognosis for patients. Thus the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on pro-apoptotic activity of cisplatin in human cervix carcinoma cells (HeLa). Three variants of experiments were performed. In the first one cells were incubated with studied drugs separately for 8 and 24h. In the second, drugs were added to the culture medium simultaneously. In third cisplatin or quercetin addition was followed by subsequent quercetin or cisplatin treatment, respectively. We observed different apoptotic effects, dependent on the drug succession. Preincubation of cells with quercetin followed by cisplatin treatment appeared to be the most effective and was correlated with strong activation of caspase-3 and inhibition of both heat shock proteins (Hsp72) and multi-drug resistance proteins (MRP) levels. Our results indicate that quercetin pretreatment sensitizes HeLa cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jakubowicz-Gil
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Anthropology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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16
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Ye CL, Qian F, Wei DZ, Lu YH, Liu JW. Induction of apoptosis in K562 human leukemia cells by 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone. Leuk Res 2005; 29:887-92. [PMID: 15978939 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 01/02/2005] [Accepted: 01/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC), isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus, was investigated in its cytotoxicity and anti-proliferation on K562 cell line. Our results revealed that the IC50 was equal to 14.2+/-0.45 microM and the EC50 was 3.3+/-0.14 microM. Staining with Hoechst 33258 showed fragmentation and condensation of chromatin in the cells treated with 8 microM DMC for 48 h. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to determine hypodiploid cells. The results of flow cytometry assay indicated that the percentage of hypodiploid K562 cells was 76.15+/-3.22% after 48 h treatment with 16.0 microM DMC. The treatment resulted in the appearance of a hypodiploid peak (A0 region), probably due to the presence of apoptosing cells and/or apoptotic bodies with DNA content less than 2n. Western blot results illustrated that in the same dosage and incubation time, DMC could down-regulate the level of Bcl-2 protein and did not influence the expression of Bax protein. The resulting net effect could thus lead to a lower ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, which might be responsible for the DMC-induced apoptosis in K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Institute of Biochemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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