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Liu P, Liu X, Cheng Y, Zhong S, Shi X, Wang S, Liu M, Ding J, Zhou W. Core-Shell Nanosystems for Self-Activated Drug-Gene Combinations against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53654-53664. [PMID: 33205940 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The combination of gene therapy with chemotherapeutics provides an efficacious strategy for enhanced tumor therapy. RNA-cleaving DNAzyme has been recognized as a promising gene-silencing tool, while its combination with chemotherapeutic drugs has been limited by the lack of an effective codelivery system to allow sufficient intracellular DNAzyme activation, which requires specific metal ions as a cofactor. Here, a self-activatable DNAzyme/drug core-shell codelivery system is fabricated to combat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The hydrophobic chemotherapeutic, rapamycin (RAP), is self-assembled into the pure drug nanocore, and the metal-organic framework (MOF) shell based on coordination between Mn2+ and tannic acid (TA) is coated on the surface to coload an autophagy-inhibiting DNAzyme. The nanosystem efficiently delivers the payloads into tumor cells, and upon endocytosis, the MOF shell is disintegrated to release the therapeutics in response to an acidic endo/lysosome environment and intracellular glutathione (GSH). Notably, the coreleased Mn2+ serves as the cofactor of DNAzyme for effective self-activation, which suppresses the expression of Beclin 1 protein, the key initiator of autophagy, resulting in a significantly strengthened antitumor effect of RAP. Using tumor-bearing mouse models, the nanosystem could passively accumulate into the tumor tissue, impose potent gene-silencing efficacy, and thus sensitize chemotherapy to inhibit tumor growth upon intravenous administration, providing opportunities for combined gene-drug TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xuanjun Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shenghui Zhong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- School of Medicine, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jinsong Ding
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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Boldescu V, Behnam MAM, Vasilakis N, Klein CD. Broad-spectrum agents for flaviviral infections: dengue, Zika and beyond. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:565-586. [PMID: 28473729 PMCID: PMC5925760 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2017.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infections with flaviviruses, such as dengue, West Nile virus and the recently re-emerging Zika virus, are an increasing and probably lasting global risk. This Review summarizes and comments on the opportunities for broad-spectrum agents that are active against multiple flaviviruses. Broad-spectrum activity is particularly desirable to prepare for the next flaviviral epidemic, which could emerge from as-yet unknown or neglected viruses. Potential molecular targets for broad-spectrum antiflaviviral compounds include viral proteins, such as the viral protease or polymerase, and host targets that are exploited by these viruses during entry and replication, including α-glucosidase and proteins involved in nucleoside biosynthesis. Numerous compounds with broad-spectrum antiviral activity have already been identified by target-specific or phenotypic assays. For other compounds, broad-spectrum activity can be anticipated because of their mode of action and molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veaceslav Boldescu
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Biopharmaceuticals, Institute of Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Academiei 3, 2028 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Mira A. M. Behnam
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Dept. of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Center for Tropical Diseases and Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, 2.138D Keiller Bldg, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555–0609, USA
| | - Christian D. Klein
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Park S, Lee DY. The anterior chamber of the eye as a site for pancreatic islet transplantation. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Öztürk Ş, Ayna TK, Çefle K, Palanduz Ş, Çiftçi HŞ, Kaya SA, Diler AS, Türkmen A, Gürtekin M, Sever MŞ, Çarin M. Effect of Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus on Sister Chromatid Exchange Frequency in Renal Transplant Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 12:427-30. [DOI: 10.1089/gte.2008.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Şükrü Öztürk
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülay K. Ayna
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kıvanç Çefle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Palanduz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Ş. Çiftçi
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selvi A. Kaya
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A. Sarper Diler
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aydın Türkmen
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gürtekin
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şükrü Sever
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Çarin
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang D, Chen JH, Wu WZ, Yang SL, Wu GJ, Wang H, Tan JM. One Year Results of Preoperative Single Bolus ATG-Fresenius Induction Therapy in Sensitized Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:69-72. [PMID: 17275476 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sensitization in kidney transplantation is associated with more acute rejections, inferior graft survival, and an increase in delayed graft function. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative single bolus antithymocyte globulin (ATG) induction therapy in sensitized renal transplant recipients. METHODS Fifty-six cadaveric donor kidney transplant recipients were divided into two groups: Group I (nonsensitized group, n = 30) and group II (sensitized group, PRA>10%, n = 26). ATG was given as a single preoperative bolus induction therapy to group II (ATG IV; 9 mg/kg). The group I patients were treated with mycophenolate mofetil preoperatively as induction therapy. The basic immunosuppressive regimen included tacrolimus (FK-506) or cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone. After hospital discharge, patients were followed on a routine outpatient basis for 12 months. RESULTS Acute rejection episodes (ARE) occurred in 20% (6/30) of group I and 15.38% (4/26) of group II patients (P = NS). Infections occurred in eight patients (26.7%) as 11 episodes (36.7%), averaging 1.4 episodes per infected patient in group 1, and 6 patients (23.1%) for a total of 10 episodes (38.5%), averaging 1.7 episodes per infected patient, in group II (P = NS). Occurrence of side effects and hospital stay were almost comparable in the two groups. No delayed graft function was observed in either group. The 12-month actuarial patient and graft survival were 100% in Group I and II. CONCLUSION A preoperative single bolus ATG induction therapy was an effective and safe therapeutic measure, yielding an acceptable acute rejection rate in presensitized renal transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- Organ Transplant Institute, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
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Preoperative single-bolus high-dose antithymocyte globulin as induction therapy in sensitized renal transplant recipients. Chin Med J (Engl) 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00029330-200610020-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Over the past 3 decades, renal allograft survival has improved significantly as a result of the development of powerful immunosuppressive agents. Nevertheless, the overall half-life of renal allografts has increased marginally during that time period, owing to drug-related nephrotoxicity and chronic rejection. New immunosuppressive agents are being evaluated because of the need for a reduction in the dose of nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. Additional agents have demonstrated the ability to retard the onset of chronic rejection in preclinical transplant models. In concert with these efforts, approaches are in development to alleviate the ever increasing shortage of donor organs, including the as yet unrealized goals of successful and practical xenotransplantation and the bioartificial kidney. Further identification and development of novel agents that target the specific components of the allograft response will provide the key to the achievement of donor-specific tolerance, the "Holy Grail" of solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Luke
- Departments of Surgery and Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract
Recent advances in immunosuppression have focused on more effective, safer, and targeted therapies that have resulted in improved short- and intermediate-term renal allograft survival. During the past decade there has been a marked decrease in acute rejection rates following renal transplantation because of the use of newer immunosuppressive agents. Recent data indicate that the average yearly reduction in the relative hazard of graft failure beyond 1 year was 4.2% for all recipients (0.4% for those recipients who had an acute rejection episode and 6.3% for those who did not have an acute rejection). Despite these improvements the currently available immunosuppressive agents are associated with significant cardiovascular risk factors, an increased risk of infection, and the development of malignancies in the long term. Predictive parameters of donor-specific hyporesponsiveness are needed so as to allow identification of patients in whom immunosuppressive therapy can be safely reduced. Immunosuppressive agents that have recently been approved for use in the United States and those that are in clinical and preclinical studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Peddi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0585, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R First
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0585, USA
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Spinosa DJ, Isaacs RB, Matsumoto AH, Angle JF, Hagspiel KD, Leung DA. Angiographic evaluation and treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis. Curr Opin Urol 2001; 11:197-205. [PMID: 11224752 DOI: 10.1097/00042307-200103000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transplant renal artery stenosis is an uncommon but important complication of renal transplantation. It is a potentially reversible cause of patient morbidity and allograft dysfunction, which can present both early and late in the post-transplant period. Although transplant renal artery stenosis can be detected using noninvasive imaging, definitive diagnosis and percutaneous treatment typically require the use of invasive angiographic techniques. In experienced hands, these studies can be performed safely, effectively and with a low risk of contrast induced nephrotoxicity when alternative contrast agents are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Spinosa
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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12
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Abstract
New drugs have recently been added that may eventually replace the two-decade dominance of cyclosporin in solid organ transplantation. This cornerstone of immunosuppression was introduced by Borel [1] and Calne [2] in the mid-70s. In 1989, Starzl et al., after 2 years of preclinical experimentation, introduced tacrolimus (originally designated as FK506 by the Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company of Japan) as a potent immunosuppressant for liver transplants [3]. Also, in recent years, a variety of novel purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitors have been tested for transplantation therapy. The leading agent which appears to be replacing the 35-year position occupied by azathioprine is the semi-synthetic morpholinoethyl ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), introduced by Allison [4] and Sollinger [5], and developed by the Syntex Corporation (now Roche Pharmaceuticals). Others, affecting different intra- or intercellular messages amplifying immunity, are in the pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ciancio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, PO Box 012440, Miami, Fl. 33101, USA.
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Goulet MT, Sinclair PJ, Wong F, Staruch MJ, Dumont FJ, Cryan JG, Wiederrecht GJ, Wyvratt MJ, Parsons WH. C32-O-phenalkyl ether derivatives of the immunosuppressant ascomycin: a tether length study. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:2085-8. [PMID: 10450986 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A tether length study of C32-O-phenalkyl ether derivatives of ascomycin was conducted wherein it was determined that a 2-carbon tether provides optimum in vitro immunosuppressive activity. Oxygen-bearing substituents along the 2-carbon tether can further increase the potency of this design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Goulet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- M R First
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0585, USA
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15
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Gerber DA, Bonham CA, Thomson AW. Immunosuppressive agents: recent developments in molecular action and clinical application. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:1573-9. [PMID: 9636637 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)00361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Gerber
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA
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16
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Abstract
The availability of a number of new immunosuppressive drugs has resulted in significant improvements in the outcome of kidney transplantation. Currently 1-year graft survival rate for cadaver kidney transplants is approximately 85%. A number of new agents are presently in clinical studies. This article reviews the currently available agents and examines various aspects of induction and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy, and the treatment of acute rejection episodes. In addition, the agents currently in clinical trials and future directions in immunosuppressive therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R First
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio, USA
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17
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New Advances in Immunosuppression Therapy for Renal Transplantation. Am J Med Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(15)40256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vazquez MA. Southwestern Internal Medicine Conference. New advances in immunosuppression therapy for renal transplantation. Am J Med Sci 1997; 314:415-35. [PMID: 9413350 DOI: 10.1097/00000441-199712000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Vazquez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8856, USA
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