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Weisgerber DW, Milner DJ, Lopez-Lake H, Rubessa M, Lotti S, Polkoff K, Hortensius RA, Flanagan CL, Hollister SJ, Wheeler MB, Harley BAC. A Mineralized Collagen-Polycaprolactone Composite Promotes Healing of a Porcine Mandibular Defect. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:943-954. [PMID: 29264958 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A tissue engineering approach to address craniofacial defects requires a biomaterial that balances macro-scale mechanical stiffness and strength with the micron-scale features that promote cell expansion and tissue biosynthesis. Such criteria are often in opposition, leading to suboptimal mechanical competence or bioactivity. We report the use of a multiscale composite biomaterial that integrates a polycaprolactone (PCL) reinforcement structure with a mineralized collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffold to circumvent conventional tradeoffs between mechanics and bioactivity. The composite promotes activation of the canonical bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) pathway and subsequent mineralization of adipose-derived stem cells in the absence of supplemental BMP-2 or osteogenic media. We subsequently examined new bone infill in the acellular composite, scaffold alone, or PCL support in 10 mm dia. ramus mandibular defects in Yorkshire pigs. We report an analytical approach to quantify radial, angular, and depth bone infill from micro-computed tomography data. The collagen-PCL composite showed improved overall infill, and significantly increased radial and angular bone infill versus the PCL cage alone. Bone infill was further enhanced in the composite for defects that penetrated the medullary cavity, suggesting recruitment of marrow-derived cells. These results indicate a multiscale mineralized collagen-PCL composite offers strategic advantages for regenerative repair of craniofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Weisgerber
- 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Derek J Milner
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Heather Lopez-Lake
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Marcello Rubessa
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sammi Lotti
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kathryn Polkoff
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Rebecca A Hortensius
- 4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Colleen L Flanagan
- 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott J Hollister
- 6 Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- 2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- 3 Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois.,7 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
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Weisgerber D, Caliari S, Harley B. Mineralized collagen scaffolds induce hMSC osteogenesis and matrix remodeling. Biomater Sci 2015; 3:533-42. [PMID: 25937924 PMCID: PMC4412464 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering must be able to instruct cell behavior in the presence of the complex biophysical and biomolecular environments encountered in vivo. While soluble supplementation strategies have been identified to enhance osteogenesis, they are subject to significant diffusive loss in vivo or the need for frequent re-addition in vitro. This investigation therefore explored whether biophysical and biochemical properties of a mineralized collagen-GAG scaffold were sufficient to enhance human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation and matrix remodeling in the absence of supplementation. We examined hMSC metabolic health, osteogenic and matrix gene expression profiles, as well as matrix remodeling and mineral formation as a function of scaffold mineral content. We found that scaffold mineral content enhanced long term hMSC metabolic activity relative to non-mineralized scaffolds. While osteogenic supplementation or exogenous BMP-2 could enhance some markers of hMSC osteogenesis in the mineralized scaffold, we found the mineralized scaffold was itself sufficient to induce osteogenic gene expression, matrix remodeling, and mineral formation. Given significant potential for unintended consequences with the use of mixed media formulations and potential for diffusive loss in vivo, these findings will inform the design of instructive biomaterials for regenerative repair of critical-sized bone defects, as well as for applications where non-uniform responses are required, such as in biomaterials to address spatially-graded interfaces between orthopedic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.W. Weisgerber
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - S.R. Caliari
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - B.A.C. Harley
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, Phone: 217-244-7112, Fax: 217-333-5052
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El-Bialy T, Uludag H, Jomha N, Badylak SF. In VivoUltrasound-Assisted Tissue-Engineered Mandibular Condyle: A Pilot Study in Rabbits. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:1315-23. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2009.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek El-Bialy
- Department of Orthodontics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludag
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Nadr Jomha
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Stephen F. Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Smith MH, Flanagan CL, Kemppainen JM, Sack JA, Chung H, Das S, Hollister SJ, Feinberg SE. Computed tomography-based tissue-engineered scaffolds in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Int J Med Robot 2007; 3:207-16. [PMID: 17631675 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue engineering provides an alternative modality allowing for decreased morbidity of donor site grafting and decreased rejection of less compatible alloplastic tissues. METHODS Using image-based design and computer software, a precisely sized and shaped scaffold for osseous tissue regeneration can be created via selective laser sintering. Polycaprolactone has been used to create a condylar ramus unit (CRU) scaffold for application in temporomandibular joint reconstruction in a Yucatan minipig animal model. Following sacrifice, micro-computed tomography and histology was used to demonstrate the efficacy of this particular scaffold design. RESULTS A proof-of-concept surgery has demonstrated cartilaginous tissue regeneration along the articulating surface with exuberant osseous tissue formation. Bone volumes and tissue mineral density at both the 1 and 3 month time points demonstrated significant new bone growth interior and exterior to the scaffold. CONCLUSION Computationally designed scaffolds can support masticatory function in a large animal model as well as both osseous and cartilage regeneration. Our group is continuing to evaluate multiple implant designs in both young and mature Yucatan minipig animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Smith
- Department of Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0018, USA.
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Weng Y, Cao Y, Silva CA, Vacanti MP, Vacanti CA. Tissue-engineered composites of bone and cartilage for mandible condylar reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 59:185-90. [PMID: 11213987 DOI: 10.1053/joms.2001.20491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the feasibility of creating a tissue-engineered adult human mandible condyle composite of bone and cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS A polymer template composed of polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic acid (PIA), and formed in the shape of the human mandible condyle, was seeded with osteoblasts isolated from a bovine periosteum suspended in calcium alginate. Chondrocytes isolated from the same calf suspended in 30% pluronic were then "painted" onto the articular surface of the scaffold, and it was then implanted into subcutaneous pockets on the dorsum of athymic mice. Animals were divided into 3 groups: group I (n = 6) received a PGA/PLA scaffold saturated with hydrogels not containing cells; group II (n = 6) received scaffolds seeded with both cell types suspended in saline rather than hydrogels; and group III (n = 6) received scaffolds seeded with both cell types suspended in hydrogel composites. Constructs were harvested after 12 weeks and evaluated grossly and microscopically by using histologic stains. RESULTS In group I, the constructs formed a small mass without evidence of new bone or cartilage. In group II, the constructs were small and irregular. Microscopically they contained scattered islands of bone and cartilage. All specimens in group III retained their original condylar shape and were quite firm. Microscopic evaluation indicated trabecular bone interfacing with hyaline cartilage on the articulating surface. CONCLUSION These findings show that the composites of bone and cartilage can be engineered to serve as condylar substitutes. The interdigitation of bone and cartilage at their interface is similar to the normal interface of these composite tissues seen in articulating joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Weng
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Massachsetts Medical School, Worchester, USA
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Celik M, Tuncer S, Emekli U, Kesim SN. Histologic analysis of prefabricated, vascularized bone grafts: an experimental study in rabbits. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58:292-5; discussion 296. [PMID: 10716111 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(00)90056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the cellular quality of prefabricated bone grafts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Small pieces of iliac bone were placed around the neurovascular bundle on the dorsal aspect of the ear of 11 one-month-old baby rabbits to create a prefabricated vascularized graft. In five animals, the prefabricated bone grafts were harvested for histologic examination 12 months later. In a second group of 6 rabbits, the prefabricated bone grafts, with the neurovascular bundle as a pedicle, were transferred after 30 days to a defect created by removing 1 cm of the midportion of zygoma on the right side of the face. The transferred bone was removed for histologic examination 11 months later. RESULTS In both groups, microscopic examination showed the presence of a rich, vascular network and similar histologic characteristics to those of normal iliac bone. CONCLUSION The findings support the concept that prefabricated bone grafts are a potentially useful source for bony reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Celik
- Istanbul Cranioplast, Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery Clinic, Turkey.
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