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Franco ABG, Franco AG, de Carvalho GAP, Ramos EV, Amorim JCF, de Martim AS. Influence of conservative endodontic access and the osteoporotic bone on the restoration material adhesive behavior through finite element analysis. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:39. [PMID: 32279130 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Assess, using finite element analysis, the adhesive behavior of Class I restorations under physiological occlusal loads on an endodontically treated first upper premolar with conventional and conservative crown opening surrounded by alveolar bone in normal and osteoporotic conditions. For this, four virtual models were used: M1-conservative access/normal bone; M2-conventional access/normal bone; M3-conservative access/osteoporotic bone; M4-conventional access/osteoporotic bone. On enamel, under axial load, the highest peaks occurred on conventional models and, under oblique load, the highest peaks occurred on conservative opening models. The bone condition showed no influence on the adhesive behavior. On dentin, under axial load, the models showed similar behaviors, regardless of the bone condition; under oblique load, the highest incidence of forces occurred on the distal region of the palatal root canal entrance and the highest peak was observed in the conventional opening model with normal bone. Also, under oblique load, conventional opening models showed larger values on dentin for the normal bone and similar for the osteoporotic. The conclusions shows higher displacement tensile strength peaks were observed in the conventional models, which can lead to a greater risk of adhesive failure on class I restorations with this opening. Therefore, a conservative opening would be recommended to avoid opening clinical complications. The bone condition showed no significant influence on adhesive behavior, except for dentin under oblique load, where conventional models showed larger values relative to normal bone and similar to the osteoporotic bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Batista Gonçalves Franco
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Amanda Gonçalves Franco
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Alberto Pinheiro de Carvalho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Elimario Venturin Ramos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Faria Amorim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sigrist de Martim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, 13 - Pte. Preta, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
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Delaviz Y, Liu TW, Deonarain AR, Finer Y, Shokati B, Santerre JP. Physical properties and cytotoxicity of antimicrobial dental resin adhesives containing dimethacrylate oligomers of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole. Dent Mater 2018; 35:229-243. [PMID: 30502964 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antimicrobial oligomers synthesized from ciprofloxacin (CF) and metronidazole (MN) were investigated for their potential use in dental adhesives. METHODS Susceptibility of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans UA159 to CF, MN, and CF/MN combination was evaluated. Hydrolytic stability and drug release from the oligomers was studied in buffer and simulated human salivary esterase conditions. Cytotoxicity of films with 15wt% drug oligomers co-polymerized with commercial monomers were assessed using human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). In-house adhesives were prepared and characterized for viscosity. Polymerized films were analysed for gel content and water swelling. Interfacial fracture toughness (KIC) of composites bonded to dentin by either a 2 or 3-step etch-and-rinse approach using the in-house formulated adhesives was measured. RESULTS The respective minimum inhibitory concentration for CF and MN against S. mutans was 0.7 and 2400μg/mL, with the combination having an additive effect (0.35μg/mL CF with 1200μg/mL MN). Antibiotics were released upon hydrolysis of the oligomers. Films containing the drug oligomers were not cytotoxic against HGFs. Replacing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with the drug oligomers increased the viscosity of the experimental adhesives, reduced gel content, and decreased swelling of films in water. Antimicrobial adhesives demonstrated bonding to dentin with interfacial KIC values comparable to the in-house control in the 2-step application, and with slightly lower KIC values in the 3-step approach. SIGNIFICANCE The antimicrobial oligomers can be incorporated into dental adhesive systems using formulations that show comparable fracture toughness to commercial materials, and may provide a means to deliver local antimicrobial drug release at the marginal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Delaviz
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy W Liu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Yoav Finer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Babak Shokati
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Zhu L, Li Y, Carrera CA, Chen YC, Li M, Fok A. Calibration of a lactic-acid model for simulating biofilm-induced degradation of the dentin-composite interface. Dent Mater 2017; 33:1315-1323. [PMID: 28890234 PMCID: PMC5679312 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify and calibrate a chemical model for simulating the degradation of the dentin-composite interface induced by multi-species oral biofilms in vitro. METHODS Dentin-composite disks (5-mm dia.×2-mm thick) were made from bovine incisor roots and filled with either Z100™ (Z100) or Filtek™ LS (LS) composite. The disks, which were covered with nail varnish, but with one of the dentin-composite margins exposed, were immersed in lactic acid solution at pH 4.5 for up to 48h. Diametral compression was performed to measure the reduction in bond strength of the dentin-composite disks following acid challenge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine decalcification of dentin and fracture modes of the disks. To better understand the degradation process, micro-computed tomography, in combination with a radiopaque dye (AgNO3), was used to assess interfacial leakage in 3D longitudinally, while SEM was used to determine the path of leakage. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the results, with the level of statistical significance set at p<0.05. The results were compared with those obtained previously using multi-species biofilms for verification and calibration purposes. RESULTS After 48h of acid challenge, the debonding load of both the LS- and Z100-filled disks reduced significantly (p<0.05). In the Z100-filled disks, debonding mostly occurred at the adhesive-dentin interface, while in the LS-filled disks, this happened at the adhesive-composite interface, instead. The degree of dentin demineralization, the reduction in debonding load and the modes of failure observed were very similar to those induced by multi-species oral biofilms found in the previous work. Leakage of AgNO3 occurred mainly along the hybrid layer. The specimens filled with Z100 had a thicker hybrid layer (∼6.5μm), which exhibited more interfacial leakage than those filled with LS. SIGNIFICANCE The chemical model with lactic acid used in this study can induce degradation to the dentin-composite interface similar to those produced by multi-species biofilms. With appropriate calibration, this could provide an effective in vitro method for ageing composite restorations in assessing their potential clinical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laikuan Zhu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuping Li
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carola A Carrera
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yung-Chung Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Mingyu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Evaluation of the interfacial work of fracture of glass-ionomer cements bonded to dentin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 29:427-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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De Munck J, Luehrs AK, Poitevin A, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B. Fracture toughness versus micro-tensile bond strength testing of adhesive–dentin interfaces. Dent Mater 2013; 29:635-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Soderholm KJ. Review of the fracture toughness approach. Dent Mater 2010; 26:e63-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wattanawongpitak N, Yoshikawa T, Burrow MF, Tagami J. The Effect of Bonding System and Composite Type on Adaptation of Different C-factor Restorations. Dent Mater J 2006; 25:45-50. [PMID: 16706296 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.25.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of two adhesive systems and four resin-based composites on the marginal sealing and cavity wall adaptation of restorations with different C-factors. Cylindrical cavities, 1 mm deep and 3 mm in diameter (C-factor=2.3) or 2 mm in diameter (C-factor=3), were prepared on superficial bovine dentin surfaces. The teeth were restored with Clearfil SE Bond or Single Bond adhesive system followed by hybrid (Photo Clearfil Bright or Z100) or flowable (Filtek Flow or Estelite LV) resin composite. After thermocycling, a dye penetration test was carried out to evaluate the degree of marginal leakage and cavity-wall gap formation. Cavity-wall gap formation increased when the C-factor increased from 2.3 to 3, except for Estelite LV resin composite. In terms of marginal sealing, Clearfil SE Bond showed better performance than Single Bond. When using Clearfil SE Bond, flowable composites improved resin composite adaptation to the cavity wall compared with hybrid composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipaporn Wattanawongpitak
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Gesi A, Raffaelli O, Goracci C, Pashley DH, Tay FR, Ferrari M. Interfacial Strength of Resilon and Gutta-Percha to Intraradicular Dentin. J Endod 2005; 31:809-13. [PMID: 16249724 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000158230.15853.b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Strengthening of Resilon-filled roots via an adhesive interface should be reflected by improvement in the interfacial strength and dislocation resistance between the root fillings and intraradicular dentin. This study compared the interfacial strengths of Resilon/Epiphany and gutta-percha/AH Plus using a thin-slice push-out test design. Failure modes of root slices after push-out testing were examined with environmental scanning electron microscopy. The gutta-percha group exhibited significantly higher interfacial strength than the Resilon group, when premature failures that occurred in Resilon root slices were included in the statistical analysis. The gutta-percha root slices failed exclusively along the gutta-percha/sealer interface. The Resilon root slices failed predominantly along the sealer/dentin interface with recognizable, fractured resin tags. Detachment of the Resilon from the Epiphany sealer was also surprisingly observed in some specimens. The similarly low interfacial strengths achieved with both types of root filling challenges the concept of strengthening root-filled teeth with the new endodontic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gesi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Italy
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Toledano M, Osorio R, Osorio E, Prati C, Carvalho RM. Microhardness of acid-treated and resin infiltrated human dentine. J Dent 2005; 33:349-54. [PMID: 15781143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 10/06/2004] [Accepted: 10/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to determine if superficial or deep dentine microhardness (MH) is affected by different chemical dentine pre-treatments performed for resin bonding. METHODS Dentine discs of superficial (SD) and deep dentine (DD) were obtained by transversally sectioning the crowns of human third molars. Knoop MH was measured after different treatments: (1) polished up to 4000 grit, (2) polished and etched (37% ortophosphoric acid for 15 s), (3) resin (Single Bond -SB-) infiltrated dentine after acid etching, (4) polished, etched and treated with 5% NaOCl for 2 min, (5) resin infiltrated (SB) after etching and NaOCl treatment. For resin infiltrated surfaces care was taken in order to remove the excess adhesive layer, and obtain infiltrated dentine, by measuring thickness of the sample before resin infiltration and polishing after resin infiltration until obtaining the initial thickness of the sample. Indentations (n=20) were performed on moist surfaces with a standard Knoop MH tester (20 g, 5 s). Data were expressed in Knoop Hardness Numbers (KHN) and analysed by ANOVA and multiple comparisons (P<0.05). RESULTS Dentine KHN decreased on both SD and DD after acid etching. NaOCl treatment after acid etching did not affect MH on SD, but KHN of DD was lowered. Resin infiltration increased KHN but did not recover the initial MH values in both SD and DD. CONCLUSIONS Treating dentine with either H3PO4 or NaOCl caused marked reduction of its surface hardness and subsequent resin infiltration was not capable to restore it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry Granada, University of Granada, Av. Fuerzas Armadasn degree 1, 1 degree B, 18014 Granada, Spain.
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Bae JH, Cho BH, Kim JS, Kim MS, Lee IB, Son HH, Um CM, Kim CK, Kim OY. Adhesive layer properties as a determinant of dentin bond strength. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2005; 74:822-8. [PMID: 15991229 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that the properties of the resin adhesive might affect the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of multibottle dental adhesive system. In order to alter the properties, the experimental resin adhesives containing 2,2-bis (4-2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxyphenyl)propane (Bis-GMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) at various ratios were prepared. Degree of conversion immediately after curing (DC-immed), degree of conversion at 48 h after curing (DC-48h) of a thin coat of the experimental adhesives, the flexural strength (FS) of the bulk specimens made of the experimental adhesives, pH, viscosity at shear rate of 1 S(-1), and the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) values of the adhesives to dentin were investigated. The maximum MTBS and FS values of the resin adhesives were observed when the ratio of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA was 60/40. However, pH and viscosity values increased with increasing Bis-GMA content in the adhesives. When Bis-GMA content was more than 60 wt %, the viscosity increased exponentially and restricted the DC and FS, and accordingly decreased the bond strength. The stronger the resin adhesives were, the higher the bond strength to dentin could be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Bae
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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