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Yu T, Wu X, Ning X, Chen Y, Zhou X, Dai X, Liu F, Liu S. Ro-vibrational Distribution of NO + Dissociated from NO 2+ Ions in the a 3B 2 and b 3A 2 States: A Slow "Impulsive" Dissociation Example Revealed from Threshold Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Imaging. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3316-3326. [PMID: 33861064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the contentions about dissociative photoionization mechanism of nitrogen dioxide via the a3B2 and b3A2 ionic states, a new threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) velocity imaging has been conducted in the 12.8-14.0 eV energy range at the Hefei Light Source. The fine vibrational-resolved threshold photoelectron spectrum agrees well with the previous measurements. The ro-vibrational distributions of NO+, as the unique fragment ion in the dissociation of NO2+ in specific vibronic levels of a3B2 and b3A2 states, are derived from the recorded TPEPICO velocity images. A "cold" vibrational (v+ = 0) and "hot" rotational population is observed at the a3B2(0,3,0) and (0,4,0) vibronic levels, while the dissociation of NO2+ in b3A2(0,0,0) leads to the NO+ fragment with both hot vibrational and rotational populations. With the aid of the quantum chemical calculations at the time-dependent B3LYP level, minimum energy paths on the potential energy surfaces of the a3B2 and b3A2 states clarify their adiabatic dissociation mechanisms near the thresholds, and this study proposes reliable explanations for the observed internal energy distributions of fragment ions. Additionally, this study provides valuable insights into the application of the classical "impulsive" model on an overall slow dissociation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongpo Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaohan Ning
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Fuyi Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Tang X, Garcia GA, Nahon L. Dissociation of High-Lying Electronic States of NO2+ in the 15.5–20 eV Region. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1517-1525. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Tang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031 Anhui, China
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Tang X, Garcia GA, Nahon L. High resolution vibronic state-specific dissociation of NO2+in the 10.0–15.5 eV energy range by synchrotron double imaging photoelectron photoion coincidence. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1974-1982. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05847h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-lying electronic states of NO2+are prepared with vibrational structures and their state-specific dissociation mechanisms are unraveled with high-resolution i2PEPICO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Tang
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physico-Chemistry
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei
- China
| | | | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- L’Orme des Merisiers
- 91192 Gif sur Yvette
- France
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4
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Wang QX, Shi DD, Zhang JF, Wang X, Si Y, Gao CB, Fang J, Luo SZ. Channel-resolved ultrafast dissociation dynamics of NO 2 molecules studied via femtosecond time-resolved ion imaging. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1807177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-xin Wang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dan-dan Shi
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jun-feng Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu Si
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chun-bin Gao
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Si-zuo Luo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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von Conta A, Tehlar A, Schletter A, Arasaki Y, Takatsuka K, Wörner HJ. Conical-intersection dynamics and ground-state chemistry probed by extreme-ultraviolet time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3162. [PMID: 30089780 PMCID: PMC6082858 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) is a useful approach to elucidate the coupled electronic-nuclear quantum dynamics underlying chemical processes, but has remained limited by the use of low photon energies. Here, we demonstrate the general advantages of XUV-TRPES through an application to NO2, one of the simplest species displaying the complexity of a non-adiabatic photochemical process. The high photon energy enables ionization from the entire geometrical configuration space, giving access to the true dynamics of the system. Specifically, the technique reveals dynamics through a conical intersection, large-amplitude motion and photodissociation in the electronic ground state. XUV-TRPES simultaneously projects the excited-state wave packet onto many final states, offering a multi-dimensional view of the coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics. Our interpretations are supported by ab initio wavepacket calculations on new global potential-energy surfaces. The presented results contribute to establish XUV-TRPES as a powerful technique providing a complete picture of ultrafast chemical dynamics from photoexcitation to the final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A von Conta
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Tehlar
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Schletter
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Arasaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - K Takatsuka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8103, Japan
| | - H J Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Tehlar A, von Conta A, Arasaki Y, Takatsuka K, Wörner HJ. Ab initio calculation of femtosecond-time-resolved photoelectron spectra of NO 2 after excitation to the A-band. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:034307. [PMID: 30037246 DOI: 10.1063/1.5029365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present calculations of time-dependent photoelectron spectra of NO2 after excitation to the A-band for comparison with extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. We employ newly calculated potential energy surfaces of the two lowest-lying coupled 2A' states obtained from multi-reference configuration-interaction calculations to propagate the photo-excited wave packet using a split-step-operator method. The propagation includes the nonadiabatic coupling of the potential surfaces as well as the explicit interaction with the pump pulse centered at 3.1 eV (400 nm). A semiclassical approach to calculate the time-dependent photoelectron spectrum arising from the ionization to the eight energetically lowest-lying states of the cation allows us to reproduce the static experimental spectrum up to a binding energy of 16 eV and enables direct comparisons with XUV time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Tehlar
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aaron von Conta
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yasuki Arasaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takatsuka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Poullain SM, Veyrinas K, Billaud P, Lebech M, Picard YJ, Lucchese RR, Dowek D. The role of Rydberg states in photoionization of NO2 and (NO+, O-) ion pair formation induced by one VUV photon. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:044311. [PMID: 23901984 DOI: 10.1063/1.4811713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of photoionization (PI) of the NO2 molecule into the NO2(+) (X (1)Σg(+)) ground state and the photodissociation of NO2 into the NO(+)((1)Σ(+)) + O(-)((2)P) ion pair. These processes were induced by 10.9 eV-13 eV synchrotron radiation and the products were detected using electron-ion or O(-)-NO(+) coincident momentum spectroscopy. The results demonstrate the strong influence of [R(∗)(4b2)(-1), nlα(i), v2(')] Rydberg states vibrationally resolved in the v2(') bending modes for both processes. In particular, we emphasize two regions around 11.5 eV and 12.5 eV that were studied in more detail for their relevance to 400 nm multiphoton ionization induced by femtosecond pulses. The photoelectron energy spectra and asymmetry parameters support the existence of two PI mechanisms, as probed with the help of fixed-nuclei frozen-core Hartree-Fock calculations. We found significant deviations from Franck-Condon ionization predictions which may be assigned to vibronic coupling of NO2(∗) states such as that induced by a conical intersection. The limited agreement between theory and experiment, even for the non-resonant processes, indicates the need for calculations that go beyond the approximations used in the current study. Ion pair formation leads to strong vibrational and rotational excitation of the NO(+)((1)Σ(+),v) product, with an ion fragment angular anisotropy depending on both the v2(') bending quantum number of the excited parent molecule and the v vibrational level of the fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marggi Poullain
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (UMR 8214 Université Paris-Sud et CNRS), Bat. 210-350, Université Paris Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Stener M, Decleva P, Yamazaki M, Adachi JI, Yagishita A. O1s photoionization dynamics in oriented NO2. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:184305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3584202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Boyle JM, Bell DM, Anderson SL, Viggiano AA. Reaction of HOD+ with NO2: effects of OD and OH stretching, bending, and collision energy on reactions on the singlet and triplet potential surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:1172-85. [PMID: 21291191 DOI: 10.1021/jp110523s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Integral cross sections and product recoil velocity distributions were measured for the reaction of HOD(+) with NO(2), in which the HOD(+) reactant was prepared in its ground state and with mode-selective excitation in the 001 (OH stretch), 100 (OD stretch), and 010 (bend) modes. In addition, we measured the 300 K thermal kinetics in a selected ion flow tube reactor and report product branching ratios different from previous measurements. Reaction is found to occur on both the singlet and triplet surfaces with near-unit efficiency. At 300 K, the product branching indicates that triplet → singlet transitions occur in about 60% of triplet-coupled collisions, which we attribute to long interaction times mediated by complexes on the triplet surface. Because the collision times are much shorter in the beam experiments, the product distributions show no signs of such transitions. The dominant product on the singlet surface is charge transfer. Reactions on the triplet surface lead to NO(+), NO(2)H(+), and NO(2)D(+). There is also charge transfer, producing NO(2)(+) (a(3)B(2)); however, this triplet NO(2)(+) mostly predissociates. The NO(2)H(+)/NO(2)D(+) cross sections peak at low collision energies and are insignificant above ~1 eV due to OH/OD loss from the nascent product ions. The effects of HOD(+) vibration are mode-specific. Vibration inhibits charge transfer, with the largest effect from the bend. The NO(2)H(+)/NO(2)D(+) channels are also vibrationally inhibited, and the mode dependence reveals how energy in different reactant modes couples to the internal energy of the product ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Boyle
- Chemistry Department, University of Utah, 315 South, 1400 East Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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Boyle JM, Bell DM, Anderson SL. Reaction of C2H2(+) (n · ν2, m · ν5) with NO2: reaction on the singlet and triplet surfaces. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:034313. [PMID: 21261359 DOI: 10.1063/1.3517499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Integral cross sections and product recoil velocity distributions were measured for reaction of C(2)H(2)(+) with NO(2), in which the C(2)H(2)(+) reactant was prepared in its ground state, and with mode-selective excitation in the cis-bend (2ν(5)) and CC stretch (n · ν(2), n = 1, 2). Because both reactants have one unpaired electron, collisions can occur with either singlet or triplet coupling of these unpaired electrons, and the contributions are separated based on distinct recoil dynamics. For singlet coupling, reaction efficiency is near unity, with significant branching to charge transfer (NO(2)(+)), O(-) transfer (NO(+)), and O transfer (C(2)H(2)O(+)) products. For triplet coupling, reaction efficiency varies between 13% and 19%, depending on collision energy. The only significant triplet channel is NO(+) + triplet ketene, generated predominantly by O(-) transfer, with a possible contribution from dissociative charge transfer at high collision energies. NO(2)(+) formation (charge transfer) can only occur on the singlet surface, and appears to be mediated by a weakly bound complex at low energies. O transfer (C(2)H(2)O(+)) also appears to be dominated by reaction on the singlet surface, but is quite inefficient, suggesting a bottleneck limiting coupling to this product from the singlet reaction coordinate. The dominant channel is O(-) transfer, producing NO(+), with roughly equal contributions from reaction on singlet and triplet surfaces. The effects of C(2)H(2)(+) vibration are modest, but mode specific. For all three product channels (i.e., charge, O(-), and O transfer), excitation of the CC stretch fundamental (ν(2)) has little effect, 2 · ν(2) excitation results in ∼50% reduction in reactivity, and excitation of the cis-bend overtone (2 · ν(5)) results in ∼50% enhancement. The fact that all channels have similar mode dependence suggests that the rate-limiting step, where vibrational excitation has its effect, is early on the reaction coordinate, and branching to the individual product channels occurs later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, USA
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Yamazaki M, Adachi JI, Kimura Y, Stener M, Decleva P, Yagishita A. N 1s photoelectron angular distributions from fixed-in-space NO2 molecules: Stereodynamics and symmetry considerations. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:164301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3505549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Elkharrat C, Picard YJ, Billaud P, Cornaggia C, Garzella D, Perdrix M, Houver JC, Lucchese RR, Dowek D. Ion Pair Formation in Multiphoton Excitation of NO2 Using Linearly and Circularly Polarized Femtosecond Light Pulses: Kinetic Energy Distribution and Fragment Recoil Anisotropy. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9902-18. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103672h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Elkharrat
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - Y. J. Picard
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - P. Billaud
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - C. Cornaggia
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - D. Garzella
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - M. Perdrix
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - J. C. Houver
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - R. R. Lucchese
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - D. Dowek
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, UMR8214 Univ Paris-Sud et CNRS, Bat. 350, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France, Service Photons Atomes & Molécules, CEA IRAMIS, Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, Saclay, Bat. 522, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
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Arasaki Y, Takatsuka K, Wang K, McKoy V. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of wavepackets through a conical intersection in NO2. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:124307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3369647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Wilkinson I, Garcia IA, Whitaker BJ, Hamard JB, Blanchet V. The photodissociation of NO2 by visible and ultraviolet light. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:15766-79. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01551b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Chang HB, Huang MB. A Theoretical Study on the Electronic States and O-Loss Photodissociation of the NO2+Ion. Chemphyschem 2009; 10:582-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Vredenborg A, Roeterdink WG, Janssen MHM. Femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron-photoion coincidence imaging of multiphoton multichannel photodynamics in NO2. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:204311. [PMID: 18513023 DOI: 10.1063/1.2924134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The multiphoton multichannel photodynamics of NO(2) has been studied using femtosecond time-resolved coincidence imaging. A novel photoelectron-photoion coincidence imaging machine was developed at the laboratory in Amsterdam employing velocity map imaging and "slow" charged particle extraction using additional electron and ion optics. The NO(2) photodynamics was studied using a two color pump-probe scheme with femtosecond pulses at 400 and 266 nm. The multiphoton excitation produces both NO(2) (+) parent ions and NO(+) fragment ions. Here we mainly present the time dependent photoelectron images in coincidence with NO(2) (+) or NO(+) and the (NO(+),e) photoelectron versus fragment ion kinetic energy correlations. The coincidence photoelectron spectra and the correlated energy distributions make it possible to assign the different dissociation pathways involved. Nonadiabatic dynamics between the ground state and the A (2)B(2) state after absorption of a 400 nm photon is reflected in the transient photoelectron spectrum of the NO(2) (+) parent ion. Furthermore, Rydberg states are believed to be used as "stepping" states responsible for the rather narrow and well-separated photoelectron spectra in the NO(2) (+) parent ion. Slow statistical and fast direct fragmentation of NO(2) (+) after prompt photoelectron ejection is observed leading to formation of NO(+)+O. Fragmentation from both the ground state and the electronically excited a (3)B(2) and b (3)A(2) states of NO(2) (+) is observed. At short pump probe delay times, the dominant multiphoton pathway for NO(+) formation is a 3x400 nm+1x266 nm excitation. At long delay times (>500 fs) two multiphoton pathways are observed. The dominant pathway is a 1x400 nm+2x266 nm photon excitation giving rise to very slow electrons and ions. A second pathway is a 3x400 nm photon absorption to NO(2) Rydberg states followed by dissociation toward neutral electronically and vibrationally excited NO(A (2)Sigma,v=1) fragments, ionized by one 266 nm photon absorption. As is shown in the present study, even though the pump-probe transients are rather featureless the photoelectron-photoion coincidence images show a complex time varying dynamics in NO(2). We present the potential of our novel coincidence imaging machine to unravel in unprecedented detail the various competing pathways in femtosecond time-resolved multichannel multiphoton dynamics of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Vredenborg
- Laser Centre and Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Arasaki Y, Takatsuka K. Quantum wavepacket dynamics for time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of the NO2 conical intersection. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Toffoli D, Lucchese RR, Lebech M, Houver JC, Dowek D. Molecular frame and recoil frame photoelectron angular distributions from dissociative photoionization of NO2. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:054307. [PMID: 17302477 DOI: 10.1063/1.2432124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report measured and computed molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) and recoil frame photoelectron angular distributions (RFPADs) for the single photon ionization of the nonlinear molecule NO2 leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 and (4a1)-1 3A1 states of NO2+. Experimentally, the RFPADs were obtained using the vector correlation approach applied to the dissociative photoionization (DPI) involving these molecular ionic states. The polar and azimuthal angle dependences of the photoelectron angular distributions are measured relative to the reference frame provided by the ion recoil axis and direction of polarization of the linearly polarized light. Experimental results are reported for the photon excitation energies hnu=14.4 and 22.0 eV. Theoretically the authors give expressions for both the MFPAD and the RFPAD. They show that the functional form in the recoil frame, where an average over the azimuthal dependence of the molecular fragments about the recoil direction is made, is identical to that they have earlier found for the DPI experiments performed on linear molecules. MFPADs were then computed using single-center expansion techniques within the fixed-nuclei frozen-core Hartree-Fock approximation. The computed cross sections for ionization to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state show a strong propensity for ionization with the polarization of the light perpendicular to the plane of the molecule, whereas the ionization to the (4a1)-1 3A1 state of the ion is of similar intensity for all orientations of the polarization of the light in the molecular frame. These qualitative features of the MFPAD are also evident in the RFPAD. The RFPAD for ionization leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state is strongly peaked in the perpendicular orientation, whereas the RFPAD for ionization leading to the (4a2)-1 3A1 state is much more nearly isotropic. Comparison between experimental and theoretical RFPADs indicates that the recoil angle for NO+ fragments is approximately 50 degrees relative to the symmetry axis of the initial C2v symmetry of the NO2 molecule in the ionization leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state and the recoil angle is approximately 120 degrees for the O+ fragment for ionization leading to the (4a1)-1 3A1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Toffoli
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Piancastelli M, Carravetta V, Hjelte I, De Fanis A, Okada K, Saito N, Kitajima M, Tanaka H, Ueda K. Experimental and theoretical study of resonant Auger decay of core-excited NO2. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Masuoka T, Kobayashi A. Single- and double-photoionization cross-sections of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ionic fragmentation of NO2+ and NO22+. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hirst DM. Ab initio potential energy surfaces for excited states of the NO2+ molecular ion and for the reaction of N+ with O2. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1413977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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