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Karimi S, Tabatabaei SN, Novin MG, Kazemi M, Mofarahe ZS, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A. Nanowarming improves survival of vitrified ovarian tissue and follicular development in a sheep model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18828. [PMID: 37636467 PMCID: PMC10448434 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue cryopreservation has allowed long term banking of biomaterials in medicine. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation in particular helps patients by extending their fertility window. However, protection against tissue injury during the thawing process has proven to be challenging. This is mainly due to the heterogenous and slow distribution of the thermal energy across the vitrified tissue during a conventional warming process. Nanowarming is a technique that utilizes hyperthermia of magnetic nanoparticles to accelerate this process. Herein, hyperthermia of synthesized PEGylated silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles was used to deter the injury of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a sheep model. When compared to the conventional technique, our findings suggest that follicular development and gene expression in tissues warmed by the proposed technique have been improved. In addition, Nanowarming prevented cellular apoptosis and oxidative stress. We therefore conclude that Nanowarming is a potential complementary candidate to increase efficiency in the ovarian cryopreservation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Karimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasrollah Tabatabaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Qc, Canada
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kazemi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shams Mofarahe
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin as an Effective FSH Replacement for In Vitro Ovine Follicle and Oocyte Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212422. [PMID: 34830304 PMCID: PMC8619287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) still requires strategies through which to maximize individual fertility chances. In vitro folliculogenesis (ivF) may represent a valid option to convey the large source of immature oocytes in ART. Several efforts have been made to set up ivF cultural protocols in medium-sized mammals, starting with the identification of the most suitable gonadotropic stimulus. In this study, Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) is proposed as an alternative to Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) based on its long superovulation use, trans-species validation, long half-life, and low costs. The use of 3D ivF on single-ovine preantral (PA) follicles allowed us to compare the hormonal effects and to validate their influence under two different cultural conditions. The use of eCG helped to stimulate the in vitro growth of ovine PA follicles by maximizing its influence under FBS-free medium. Higher performance of follicular growth, antrum formation, steroidogenic activity and gap junction marker expression were recorded. In addition, eCG, promoted a positive effect on the germinal compartment, leading to a higher incidence of meiotic competent oocytes. These findings should help to widen the use of eCG to ivF as a valid and largely available hormonal support enabling a synchronized in vitro follicle and oocyte development.
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Leão BCS, Rocha-Frigoni NAS, Nogueira É, Cabral EC, Ferreira CR, Eberlin MN, Accorsi MF, Neves TV, Mingoti GZ. Membrane lipid profile of in vitro-produced embryos is affected by vitrification but not by long-term dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids for oocyte donor beef heifers. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1217-1230. [PMID: 27220988 DOI: 10.1071/rd15414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary rumen-protected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) rich in linoleic acid (LA) may affect embryo yield, and LA can modulate the molecular mechanisms of lipid uptake in bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. In embryos, membrane lipids, such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and sphingomyelins (SMs), affect cryopreservation success. The aim of the present study was to evaluate embryonic developmental rates after the IVF of oocytes retrieved from Nellore heifers fed for approximately 90 days with rumen-protected PUFAs rich in LA. In addition, we evaluated embryo cryotolerance and the membrane structure lipid composition using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry of fresh and vitrified embryos. Embryo development to the blastocyst stage (mean 43.2%) and embryo survival after vitrification and warming (mean 79.3%) were unaffected by diet. The relative abundance of one lipid species (PC ether (PCe; 38:2, which means that this lipid has 38 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds in the fatty acyl residues) was increased after PUFAs supplementation. However, 10 ions were affected by cryopreservation; ions consistent with PC 32:0, PC 34:1, SM 24:1, PC 40:6 or PC 42:9, PC plasmalogen (PCp) 44:10 or PC 42:7, triacylglycerol (TAG) 54:9 and a not assigned ion (m/z 833.2) were lower in blastocysts that survived to the cryopreservation process compared with fresh blastocysts, whereas the abundance of the ions PC 36:3 or PC 34:0, PCe 38:2 or PC 36:6 and PC 36:5 or PCe 38:1 were increased after cryopreservation. Thus, the results demonstrate that the mass spectrometry profiles of PC, SM and TAG species differ significantly in bovine blastocysts upon cryopreservation. Because the lipid ion abundances of fresh and vitrified-warmed embryos were distinct, they can be used as potential markers of post-cryopreservation embryonic survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz C S Leão
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, 16050-680, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathália A S Rocha-Frigoni
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, 16050-680, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ériklis Nogueira
- Embrapa Pantanal, Rua 21 de Setembro 1880, 79320-900, Corumbá, MS, Brazil
| | - Elaine C Cabral
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz s/n, CP 6154, bloco A6, sala 111, 13083-970, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Christina R Ferreira
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz s/n, CP 6154, bloco A6, sala 111, 13083-970, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz s/n, CP 6154, bloco A6, sala 111, 13083-970, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Accorsi
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, 16050-680, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago V Neves
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, 16050-680, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Z Mingoti
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, 16050-680, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Hardy K, Fenwick M, Mora J, Laird M, Thomson K, Franks S. Onset and Heterogeneity of Responsiveness to FSH in Mouse Preantral Follicles in Culture. Endocrinology 2017; 158:134-147. [PMID: 27819761 PMCID: PMC5412982 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The obligatory role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in normal development and function of ovarian antral follicles is well recognized, but its function in preantral growth is less clear. The specific objective of this study was to investigate the response, in culture, to FSH of mouse preantral follicles of increasing size, focusing particularly on growth rate and gene expression. Preantral follicles were mechanically isolated from ovaries of C57BL/6 mice, 12 to 16 days postpartum, and single follicles cultured for up to 96 hours in medium alone (n = 511) or with recombinant human FSH 10 ng/mL (n = 546). Data were grouped according to initial follicle diameter in 6 strata ranging from <100 to >140 μm. Follicles of all sizes grew in the absence of FSH (P < 0.01, paired t test). All follicles grew at a faster rate (P < 0.0001) in the presence of 10 ng/mL FSH but larger follicles showed the greatest change in response to FSH. Even the smallest follicles expressed FSH receptor messenger RNA (mRNA). FSH-induced growth was inhibited by KT5720, an inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA), implicating the PKA pathway in FSH-induced follicle growth. In response to FSH in vitro, FSH receptor mRNA (measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction) was reduced (P < 0.01), as was Amh (P < 0.01), whereas expression of StAR (P < 0.0001) and the steroidogenic enzymes Cyp11a1 (P < 0.01) and Cyp19 (P < 0.0001) was increased. These results show heterogeneous responses to FSH according to initial follicle size, smaller follicles being less FSH dependent than larger preantral follicles. These findings strongly suggest that FSH has a physiological role in preantral follicle growth and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hardy
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Fenwick
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn Mora
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Mhairi Laird
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Kacie Thomson
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Franks
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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Youm HW, Lee JR, Lee J, Jee BC, Suh CS, Kim SH. Transplantation of mouse ovarian tissue: comparison of the transplantation sites. Theriogenology 2014; 83:854-61. [PMID: 25533928 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that ischemic injuries during the transplantation process were more detrimental than cryoinjuries for follicle survival and death, and it has been reported that transplantation sites can affect the outcomes of grafted ovarian tissue (OT). The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of different OT transplantation sites on follicular integrity and function of OT grafts. B6D2F1 mice were randomly assigned to control (sham) and four experimental groups according to transplantation sites (back muscle [BM], fat pad [FP], kidney capsule [KC], and subcutaneous [SC]). The ovaries from four groups were autotransplanted to each site. The OT recovery ratios on Days 2, 7, and 21 were significantly decreased in the FP group. The mean numbers of follicles were significantly lower in all the grafting groups compared with the sham group, except in the KC group on Days 7 and 21 and the BM group on Day 21. On Day 2, all the experimental groups showed low intact (G1) follicle ratio when compared with the sham group; however, the BM, KC, and FP groups recovered their morphologic integrity on Day 7, and only the SC group presented a significant decrease in G1 follicle ratios. On Day 21, the G1 follicle ratios of the FP and KC groups were greater than the sham control group. The proportion of apoptotic follicles of the four OT graft groups was higher than in the sham group on Day 2, followed by a significant decrease in the KC group and an increase in the SC group on Day 7. The serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were significantly increased in all grafting groups on Day 2. On Day 7, only the SC group showed the high follicle-stimulating hormone level compared with the other groups. The mean numbers of oocytes from OT grafts were the highest in the KC group, except in the control group, and the lowest in the SC group. The ratios of mature oocytes were also significantly greater in the sham and KC groups. However, the ratios of normal spindle did not differ among the five groups. In conclusion, the KC was the optimal site for OT transplantation in this murine model, whereas the SC site was unfavorable for this procedure. In this study, we confirmed that the different grafting sites influenced the outcomes of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Youm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jung Ryeol Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Chul Jee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Suk Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Hernandez-Medrano JH, Campbell BK, Webb R. Nutritional influences on folliculogenesis. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 4:274-82. [PMID: 22827381 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Folliculogenesis is an intricate process that involves the proliferation and differentiation of both somatic and germ cells. This process depends on complex interactions between systemic factors such as both pituitary gonadotrophins and metabolic hormones and/or local factors produced by the ovarian somatic and germ cells, such as the IGF system and TGF-β superfamily members. In domestic ruminants, follicular development begins during foetal life with formation of primordial follicles from the association of germ cells and pre-granulosa cells. After follicular formation, folliculogenesis begins with a primordial follicle progressing into more developed stages (i.e. primary, secondary, pre-antral and antral) in a continuous, progressive process to either ovulation or, as in most cases, to atresia. Even early stages of follicular formation and subsequent development are influenced by both internal (e.g. genotype) and/or external environmental (e.g. nutrition and season) factors. Among these external factors, nutrition is one of the most important affecting reproductive function, and this is the focus of this review, because other reviews in this issue discuss other environmental factors. A number of studies have now shown that nutrition can have both positive and negative effects on follicular growth, oestrous activity, oocyte quality, blastocyst development and pregnancy outcome. Therefore, understanding the intricate processes involved during folliculogenesis and the ways in which factors, such as nutrition, affect them is leading to new opportunities to improve pregnancy rates by influencing follicle development and oocyte quality. This review will focus on follicular development from foetal to adult stages and the influences that nutrition has during some of these developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Hernandez-Medrano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Panwar S, Herrid M, Kauter KG, McFarlane JR. Effect of passive immunization against leptin on ovarian follicular development in prepubertal mice. J Reprod Immunol 2012; 96:19-24. [PMID: 22989496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Leptin has been demonstrated to be essential for reproduction. However, all the relevant studies reported to date have investigated either the effect of a complete absence of leptin both centrally and peripherally, or excess leptin administration. The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of reducing peripheral leptin concentrations on ovarian follicular development in prepubertal animals via administration of an anti-leptin antibody. Pre-pubertal female mice were administered anti-leptin antibody under the skin behind the head for four days, with or without gonadotropins, and ovaries were weighed and collected for follicle counting. Control animals were treated with non-immune serum. Passive immunization against leptin, with or without gonadotropins, resulted in a significant increase in ovarian weight compared with control ovaries. Furthermore, the ovaries from the anti-leptin group had significantly greater numbers of primary follicles per ovarian section than the control group, thus suggesting an increase in the transition of primordial to primary follicles after treatment. Interestingly, animals treated with anti-leptin plus gonadotropins had a significantly higher number of Graafian follicles in their ovaries compared with the other groups. Collectively, the results of the present study indicate that reduction of leptin in the circulation promotes ovarian follicle development in female mice, suggesting that peripheral leptin acts as an inhibitor of ovarian follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Panwar
- Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Aging, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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Grynberg M, Poulain M, Sebag-Peyrelevade S, le Parco S, Fanchin R, Frydman N. Ovarian tissue and follicle transplantation as an option for fertility preservation. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:1260-8. [PMID: 22656306 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and summarize data from the scientific literature on ovarian tissue and follicle transplantation as an option for fertility preservation. DESIGN Review of pertinent literature. SETTING University hospital. PATIENT(S) Women having undergone ovarian tissue transplantation. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Review of the literature. RESULT(S) Over the last decade, the field of ovarian transplantation and cryopreservation has significantly progressed, becoming applicable in humans. Indeed, fresh and frozen cortical ovarian tissue transplantations have been successfully reported worldwide, resulting in around 28 healthy babies. Although ovarian-tissue harvesting seems to be safe, the risk of reimplantation of cancer from ovarian cortical transplants cannot be estimated at this time. As a consequence, auto-transplantation of ovarian tissue in women having suffered from systemic hematological malignancies is not recommended. In these situations, reimplantation of isolated ovarian follicles might represent an interesting option in the future. CONCLUSION(S) Although the clinical experience is limited, the robust results obtained open new perspectives for the management of premature ovarian failure resulting or not from gonadotoxic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grynberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.
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Berlinguer F, Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Spezzigu A, Contreras-Solis I, Succu S, McNeilly AS, Naitana S, Leoni GG. Effect of aging on follicular function may be relieved by exogenous gonadotropin treatment in a sheep model. Reproduction 2012; 144:245-55. [PMID: 22685252 DOI: 10.1530/rep-12-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated hormonal and ovarian changes during physiological reproductive aging in Sarda ewes. In a first experiment, follicular and corpus luteum dynamics were compared during an induced oestrus cycle in aged (12-14 years) and young adult ewes (4-5 years). Oestrus cycle characteristics did not differ between the two experimental groups. However, follicular function during the follicular phase showed significant alterations in aged ewes, as determined by a lack of dominance effect and by lower mean values of circulating oestradiol (E(2)) and inhibin levels, compared with young adult ewes. In a second experiment, differences in follicle growth, hormonal milieu and oocyte quality in response to exogenous FSH administration were assessed in aged and adult ewes. No differences were recorded in ovarian response to FSH treatment between young adult and aged ewes, as evaluated by ultrasonographic data and circulating concentrations of LH, E(2) and inhibin-A. Although the total number of recovered oocytes was similar in the two age groups, the number of good quality oocytes selected for IVM was significantly lower in aged ewes compared with adult ones. Thereafter, no differences were recorded in cleavage rates, total blastocyst output, embryo developmental kinetic and quality between aged and adult groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that reproductive aging in sheep is associated with impaired follicle functionality and an increase in the proportion of oocytes showing morphological abnormalities. However interestingly, oocyte developmental competence in vitro and embryo cryotolerance were not affected by the aging process, when only good quality oocytes were chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Berlinguer
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Abdel‐Ghani MA, Abe Y, Asano T, Suzuki H. Effect of graft site and gonadotrophin treatment on follicular development of canine ovarian grafts transplanted to NOD-SCID mice. Reprod Med Biol 2011; 10:259-266. [PMID: 29699099 PMCID: PMC5904844 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of graft site and gonadotrophins administration on the number and survival rate of follicles of canine ovarian grafts transplanted to NOD-severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS Fresh ovarian cortex slices obtained from immature bitches were grafted subcutaneously (SC), under kidney capsule (KC) or into ovarian bursa (OB) in NOD-SCID mice. Two months after surgery, the mice allocated into non-treated and treated gonadotrophins groups that injected with porcine follicle stimulating hormone during 7 days and human chorionic gonadotrophin 48 h later. Ovarian grafts were collected after 10 h of last injection and processed for histology. RESULTS The number of transitional and preantral follicles under KC and into OB was significantly higher in gonadotrophins-treated mice than those who received saline. Furthermore, the survival rates of primary, transitional and preantral follicles under KC and into OB grafts were significantly higher than those placed SC in the treated gonadotrophins group, and in the non-treated gonadotrophins group; the proportion of primary and preantral follicle survival was significantly higher under KC and into OB than SC grafts. CONCLUSIONS In canine ovarian xenografting, administration of gonadotrophin could be effective for improvement of survival of transplanted ovary. Furthermore, the grafting into OB appeared to be better than grafting under KC, which in turn is better than SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Abdel‐Ghani
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan DiseasesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada‐Choe080‐8555ObihiroJapan
| | - Yasuyuki Abe
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan DiseasesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada‐Choe080‐8555ObihiroJapan
| | - Tomoyoshi Asano
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan DiseasesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada‐Choe080‐8555ObihiroJapan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Research Unit for Functional Genomics, National Research Center for Protozoan DiseasesObihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineInada‐Choe080‐8555ObihiroJapan
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Janse F, Donnez J, Anckaert E, de Jong FH, Fauser BCJM, Dolmans MM. Limited value of ovarian function markers following orthotopic transplantation of ovarian tissue after gonadotoxic treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:1136-44. [PMID: 21289248 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In young women, some treatments for cancer or other conditions (such as sickle cell anemia) may give rise to primary ovarian insufficiency. Ovarian transplantation is one of the available options for fertility preservation, with highly variable pregnancy rates. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate markers of ovarian reserve and ovarian function in women up to 7 yr after orthotopic ovarian transplantation. Secondary objectives were to assess the relationship between markers of ovarian reserve and pregnancy rate along with the duration of ovarian function. DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study in 10 women, with a mean follow-up of 2.5 yr. SETTING The study was conducted at a university hospital in Brussels, Belgium. PATIENTS Patients included 10 women who were about to receive or had previously received gonadotoxic treatment. In seven women cryopreservation of ovarian tissue was performed before starting treatment. Subsequently autografts were orthotopically transplanted in these women. Three women, who had already developed primary ovarian insufficiency due to treatment, underwent orthotopic transplantation of ovarian allograft tissue originating from their human leukocyte antigen-compatible sisters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol, inhibin B, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured. RESULTS On average, first menses took place after 4.7 months. Duration of graft functioning varied from 2 to more than 60 months. FSH concentrations remained elevated, whereas estradiol levels normalized and AMH was low to undetectable. Inhibin B varied among women and was not associated with the duration of ovarian function (hazard ratio 0.966, 95% confidence interval 0.881-1.059). Two spontaneous pregnancies occurred. Endocrine characteristics were not significantly different in these women. CONCLUSIONS Low AMH and inhibin B concentrations may suggest decreased ovarian reserve in women after ovarian transplantation. AMH and inhibin B levels may not be associated with the duration of ovarian graft function or probability to achieve a pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femi Janse
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Song Y, Sharp R, Lu F, Hassan M. The future potential of cryopreservation for assisted reproduction. Cryobiology 2010; 60:S60-5. [PMID: 19818745 PMCID: PMC2891376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of human gonadal tissue and oocytes has brought about new and exciting research in reproductive medicine, as well as new cryopreservation techniques that are dramatically improving post-thaw viability and freezing damage. The work done on gonadal tissues is aimed at improving the quality of life for infertile patients and for prepubertal patients undergoing gonadotoxic chemotherapy, patients for whom hormonal stimulation/IVF is not an option, and women without partners. Cryopreservation of mature oocytes is the best model for timing IVF. Vitrification is likely to benefit the field, and since 2005, implantation and pregnancy rates from vitrified oocytes have matched or eclipsed results from conventional methods, due to new cell-specific methods and formulas. Cryopreservation of immature oocytes leads to a new direction of egg banking in future. Preserving ovarian tissue for autografting is still promising and has resulted in folliculogenesis, resumed hormone production and live births in limited cases. The use of small cortical blocks, or mechanical/chemical digestion of ovarian tissue for isolation of follicles is a new direction for ovary preservation for reasons of cryoprotectant permeation and graft revascularization. Maturation of follicles in vitro has become more feasible with the use of alginate microencapsulation. Testicular tissue preservation has taken a sharp turn towards preservation of gonadal stem cells. Research into the mechanism for spermatogenesis points to the ability for male germ cells to resume spermatogenesis. The cryopreservation of minced testicular tissue for isolation of germ cells via chemical digestion has produced viable cells, however, structural damage that may be avoided by vitrification has been noted to the surrounding cell junctions and supporting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Xytex Research Inc., Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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13
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Donnez J, Jadoul P, Squifflet J, Van Langendonckt A, Donnez O, Van Eyck AS, Marinescu C, Dolmans MM. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation in cancer patients. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2010; 24:87-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Onions VJ, Webb R, McNeilly AS, Campbell BK. Ovarian endocrine profile and long-term vascular patency following heterotopic autotransplantation of cryopreserved whole ovine ovaries. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2845-55. [PMID: 19640895 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the ability of cryopreserved whole ovine ovaries to resume function in vivo following autotransplantation. METHODS Swaledale ewes had their left ovaries removed and either perfused but not cryopreserved (n = 4; control), or perfused and cryopreserved (n = 8; cryopreserved) before autotransplantation sub-cutaneously to the neck by microvascular anastomosis. Right ovaries were removed and fixed as non-grafted controls. Weekly jugular venous blood samples were analysed for plasma FSH, LH, inhibin A and progesterone levels, grafts were scanned transdermally and oestrus was detected. Vascular patency was assessed post-mortem and follicle populations were measured in recovered tissue. RESULTS Immediate vascular patency was achieved in all ewes and maintained in 7/8 cryopreserved and 3/4 control grafts. Functional corpora lutea were identified in three ewes (one control; two cryopreserved) 18-25 weeks after grafting. Inhibin A levels indicated resumption of follicular development in four cryopreserved and one control ewes, however, castrate gonadotrophin levels persisted in five cryopreserved and two control ewes. Primordial follicle density was reduced following grafting in both cryopreserved and non-frozen ovaries (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results demonstrate successful partial restoration of ovarian function following cryopreservation of the whole ovary and vascular pedicle in a large monovulatory species. The inability to restore full ovarian function was related to loss of primordial follicles rather than vascular patency in both frozen and fresh tissue, suggesting that factors associated with cannulation and perfusion may contribute to this depletion. Further work is therefore needed to elucidate these factors before the procedure could be considered a viable option for fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Onions
- Division of Animal Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.
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15
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Demeestere I, Simon P, Emiliani S, Delbaere A, Englert Y. Orthotopic and heterotopic ovarian tissue transplantation. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15:649-65. [PMID: 19474206 PMCID: PMC2759329 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmp021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of ovarian tissue is, at present, the only clinical option available to restore fertility using cryopreserved ovarian tissue. More than 30 transplantations of cryopreserved tissue have been reported, and six babies have been born, worldwide, following this procedure. Despite these encouraging results, it is essential to optimize the procedure by improving the follicular survival, confirming safety and developing alternatives. Here, we review the different factors affecting follicular survival and growth after grafting. METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching Pubmed up to January 2009 with English language limitation. The following key words were used: (ovarian tissue or whole ovary) AND (transplantation) AND (cryopreservation or pregnancy). Using the literature and personal experience, we examined relevant data on the different exogenous and clinical factors affecting follicular development after grafting. RESULTS Clinical factors such as the patient's age and the transplantation sites influenced the lifespan of the graft. A heterotopic transplantation site is not optimal but offers some advantages and it may also promote the hormonal environment after a combined heterotopic and orthotopic transplantation. Exogenous factors such as antioxidants, growth factors or hormones were tested to improve follicular survival; however, their efficiency regarding further follicular development and fertility potential remains to be established. CONCLUSION Additional evidence is required to define optimal conditions for ovarian tissue transplantation. Alternatives such as whole ovary or isolated follicles transplantations require further investigation but are likely to be successful in humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Demeestere
- Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction, Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Erasme Hospital, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
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Muruvi W, Picton H, Rodway R, Joyce I. In vitro growth and differentiation of primary follicles isolated from cryopreserved sheep ovarian tissue. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 112:36-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Donnez J, Squifflet J, Van Eyck AS, Demylle D, Jadoul P, Langendonckt AV, Dolmans MM. Restoration of ovarian function in orthotopically transplanted cryopreserved ovarian tissue: a pilot experience. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 16:694-704. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Aerts JMJ, Martinez-Madrid B, Flothmann K, De Clercq JBP, Van Aelst S, Bols PEJ. Quantification and Viability Assessment of Isolated Bovine Primordial and Primary Ovarian Follicles Retrieved Through a Standardized Biopsy Pick-Up Procedure. Reprod Domest Anim 2007; 43:360-366. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Veiga-Lopez A. Evidence of intraovarian follicular dominance effects during controlled ovarian stimulation in a sheep model. Fertil Steril 2007; 89:1507-13. [PMID: 17612534 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate intraovarian dominance effects in a sheep model and to determine whether local factors, independent of FSH-mediated pathways, are capable of interfering with the final development of subordinate follicles. DESIGN Observational, model study. SETTING Public research unit. ANIMAL(S) Three hundred sixty-four adult Manchega ewes. INTERVENTION(S) Synchronization of estrous cycle with intravaginal progestogens and ovarian stimulation with FSH; ovarian ultrasonography, laparoscopies, and embryo recoveries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Determination of morphological characteristics and developmental competence of ovarian follicles. RESULT(S) The presence of a dominant follicle affects number and viability of embryos from the ipsilateral ovary in females that are treated with high FSH doses; this effect, modulated by season and phase of the estrous cycle, highlights the role of LH in follicular dominance. CONCLUSION(S) The current study confirms, in a sheep model, the existence of local effects from dominant follicles over neighboring follicles, by direct action and independently from systemic pathways through FSH modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Departamento de Reproduccion Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agraria y Tecnologia Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Donnez J, Martinez-Madrid B, Jadoul P, Van Langendonckt A, Demylle D, Dolmans MM. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation: a review. Hum Reprod Update 2006; 12:519-35. [PMID: 16849817 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dml032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The review covers current options for ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation and provides a systematic review of the existing literature from the last 10 years, taking into account all previously published reviews on the subject. The different cryopreservation options available for fertility preservation in cancer patients are embryo cryopreservation, oocyte cryopreservation and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The choice depends on various parameters: the type and timing of chemotherapy, the type of cancer, the patient's age and the partner status. The different options and their results are discussed, as well as their putative indications and efficacy. The review concludes that advances in reproductive technology have made fertility preservation techniques a real possibility for patients whose gonadal function is threatened by premature menopause, or by treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgical castration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Donnez
- Department of Gynecology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Abstract
This review provides an overview on recent knowledge on female germ cell population within cat ovaries; on isolation, culture and cryopreservation of feline preantral follicles and on ovarian tissue preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Jewgenow
- Institute for Zoo Biology and Wildlife Research, PF 601103, D-10252 Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Demeestere I, Simon P, Buxant F, Robin V, Fernandez SA, Centner J, Delbaere A, Englert Y. Ovarian function and spontaneous pregnancy after combined heterotopic and orthotopic cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation in a patient previously treated with bone marrow transplantation: case report. Hum Reprod 2006; 21:2010-4. [PMID: 16585122 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue has been proposed for storing gametes of young patients at high risk of premature ovarian failure. Autotransplantation has recently provided some promising results and is still the unique option to restore ovarian function from cryopreserved ovarian tissue in humans. In this article, we analyse data from the combined orthotopic and heterotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue that restored the ovarian function and fertility. Orthotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue at ovarian and peritoneal sites, together with a heterotopic transplantation at the abdominal subcutaneous site, was performed to restore the ovarian function of a 29-year-old woman previously treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for Hodgkin's disease. Ovarian reserve markers progressively suppress within values 5 months after the transplantation (basal FSH 5 mUI/ml and inhibin B 119 ng/ml). Follicular development was observed at all transplantation sites but was predominant at the ovarian site. Six natural cycles were fully documented and analysed. The patient became spontaneously pregnant following the sixth cycle, but unfortunately she later miscarried. Combined orthotopic and heterotopic transplantations succeeded in the restoration of normal spontaneous cycles. Furthermore, this spontaneous pregnancy confirmed the efficiency of this procedure for restoring human fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Demeestere
- Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction, French Speaking Free University of Brussels, Erasme Hospital, Belgium.
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Campbell BK, Souza CJH, Skinner AJ, Webb R, Baird DT. Enhanced response of granulosa and theca cells from sheep carriers of the FecB mutation in vitro to gonadotropins and bone morphogenic protein-2, -4, and -6. Endocrinology 2006; 147:1608-20. [PMID: 16396991 DOI: 10.1210/en.2005-0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The FecB (Booroola) mutation, which leads to increased ovulation rates and multiple births in sheep, is now known to occur in the signaling domain of the bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-1B receptor. We examined the effect of the mutation on the responsiveness of granulosa (GC) and theca cells (TC) to BMPs and other local regulators using tissue from animals with (Fec(B/B)) and without (Fec(+/+)) the FecB mutation. Experiments examined the effect of BMP-2, -4, and -6 (0.005-50 ng/ml), and their interaction with IGF-I (0.1-10 ng/ml LR3 analog) and gonadotropins, on the proliferation and differentiation of GCs and TCs isolated from small (<2 mm) antral follicles and maintained in serum-free culture for up to 8 d. Dose-finding studies using ovaries from wild-type sheep obtained from the abbattoir showed no difference among the different BMPs in stimulating (P < 0.001) estradiol (E2) production by GCs cultured with FSH (10 ng/ml), but there was a clear interaction (P < 0.001) with IGF-I. BMPs had no effect on GC proliferation or the sensitivity of GCs to FSH. In contrast, higher doses of BMPs (5-50 ng/ml) inhibited LH-stimulated androstenedione production by TCs, whereas lower doses (0.005-0.05 ng/ml) stimulated TC proliferation (P < 0.01). Regardless of dose of IGF-I, at the end of culture (96-192 h) hormone production by GCs (E2, inhibin A) and TCs (androstenedione) was 4- to 5-fold greater (P < 0.001) by cells from Fec(B/B), compared with Fec(+/+) ewes exposed to the same dose of gonadotropin. In the presence of low concentrations of IGF-I (0.1 ng/ml), the maximum increase in the production of E2 and inhibin A by GCs from FF ewes in response to BMPs was observed at doses that were 3- to 10-fold lower (3-10 ng/ml) than ++ (30 ng/ml; P < 0.001). Low doses of BMPs stimulated proliferation of TCs from ++ (P < 0.01) but not FF ewes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed BMP-6 protein expression in the oocyte, granulosa, and thecal layers of antral follicles from both genotypes. These results confirm a major role for BMPs in controlling ovarian somatic cell function in sheep and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that the FecB mutation increases the BMP response of somatic cells when stimulated to differentiate by gonadotropins.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Campbell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, UK.
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24
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Muruvi W, Picton HM, Rodway RG, Joyce IM. In vitro growth of oocytes from primordial follicles isolated from frozen-thawed lamb ovaries. Theriogenology 2005; 64:1357-70. [PMID: 16139612 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2004] [Revised: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 02/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to develop an in vitro culture system for growing sheep oocytes from isolated primordial follicles. Enzymatically isolated neonatal sheep primordial follicles were cultured in Waymouth MB752/1 medium containing BSA (3 mg/ml) + ITS (1%, v/v) over 28 days. In Experiment 1, primordial follicles (average diameter 40.2+/-0.60 microm) were cultured at densities of 20, 50 and 100 follicles per well. Less than 20% of the oocytes survived to day 28 but there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in median oocyte diameter from day 2 to day 28 for oocytes cultured at the higher densities of 50 and 100 follicles. In Experiment 2, two methods to improve oocyte:granulosa cell associations were tested. Altering the fibronectin coating regime did not improve oocyte survival and growth. In contrast lectin-aggregated primordial follicles cultured on non-coated wells showed significantly (P < 0.05) improved oocyte survival to 50% and increased median oocyte diameter compared to non-aggregated follicles. In Experiment 3, the effect of KIT ligand (KL) at 0 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml, on lectin-aggregated primordial follicles cultured on non-coated wells was tested. KL at 100 ng/ml significantly (P < 0.05) increased median oocyte diameter compared to non-treated controls but had no effect on oocyte survival. In addition, follicles cultured with 100 ng/ml KL expressed mRNA for AMH, a gene expressed only in granulosa cells of growing follicles. In conclusion, culture of lectin-aggregated primordial follicles supported the long-term survival and growth of oocytes from isolated sheep primordial follicles. Culture of lectin-aggregates with 100 ng/ml KL further increased oocyte growth and induced granulosa cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzirai Muruvi
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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25
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Donnez J, Dolmans MM, Demylle D, Jadoul P, Pirard C, Squifflet J, Martinez-Madrid B, van Langendonckt A. Livebirth after orthotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Lancet 2004; 364:1405-10. [PMID: 15488215 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1024] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lifesaving treatment endured by cancer patients leads, in many women, to early menopause and subsequent infertility. In clinical situations for which chemotherapy needs to be started, ovarian tissue cryopreservation looks to be a promising option to restore fertility. In 1997, biopsy samples of ovarian cortex were taken from a woman with stage IV Hodgkin's lymphoma and cryopreserved before chemotherapy was initiated. After her cancer treatment, the patient had premature ovarian failure. METHODS In 2003, after freeze-thawing, orthotopic autotransplantation of ovarian cortical tissue was done by laparoscopy. FINDINGS 5 months after reimplantation, basal body temperature, menstrual cycles, vaginal ultrasonography, and hormone concentrations indicated recovery of regular ovulatory cycles. Laparoscopy at 5 months confirmed the ultrasonographic data and showed the presence of a follicle at the site of reimplantation, clearly situated outside the ovaries, both of which appeared atrophic. From 5 to 9 months, the patient had menstrual bleeding and development of a follicle or corpus luteum with every cycle. 11 months after reimplantation, human chorionic gonadotrophin concentrations and vaginal echography confirmed a viable intrauterine pregnancy, which has resulted in a livebirth. INTERPRETATION We have described a livebirth after orthotopic autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Our findings suggest that cryopreservation of ovarian tissue should be offered to all young women diagnosed with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Donnez
- Department of Gynaecology, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 10, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Gonzalez-Bulnes A, Souza CJH, Campbell BK, Baird DT. Effect of ageing on hormone secretion and follicular dynamics in sheep with and without the Booroola gene. Endocrinology 2004; 145:2858-64. [PMID: 15016720 DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that ewes carrying the Booroola gene (Fec(B)) consistently ovulate more follicles because they recruit more primordial follicles and/or have a lower rate of atresia. If the former is correct, the pool of follicles would be depleted sooner in Fec(B) animals. We have studied follicular dynamics and endocrine function during follicular and early luteal phases of the estrous cycle of older ewes with or without the fecundity gene and compared this data with data obtained 6 yr previously in the same animals. Older sheep carrying the Booroola gene maintained a significantly higher ovulation rate than noncarrier ewes [4.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.6 corpora lutea (CL), respectively; P < 0.05], and in keeping with data from young animals, both ovulatory follicles and CL (4.7 +/- 0.3 vs. 6.9 +/- 0.7 mm and 12.8 +/- 0.5 vs. 16.7 +/- 0.8 mm, respectively) were smaller than those of noncarrier ewes (P < 0.05). The interval from luteolysis to the onset of the LH surge increased with age in all the animals (from 52.0 +/- 8.0 to 67.0 +/- 7.5 h in gene carrier sheep and from 56.0 +/- 2.0 to 79.5 +/- 9.6 h in noncarrier sheep, P < 0.05). The concentration of estradiol and inhibin A in the early luteal phase was lower in older noncarrier ewes (P = 0.08 and P < 0.05, respectively), and the level of inhibin A was inversely related to the level of FSH in aged sheep of both genotypes (P < 0.0001). In contrast, the number of developing follicles in older ewes of both genotypes was similar to the number found in younger ewes, suggesting that increased ovulation rate in sheep carrying the Fec(B) mutation is related to a reduced rate of atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Departamento de Reproduccion Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias (INIA), Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Baird DT, Campbell B, de Souza C, Telfer E. Long-term ovarian function in sheep after ovariectomy and autotransplantation of cryopreserved cortical strips. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2004; 113 Suppl 1:S55-9. [PMID: 15041133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2003.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue offers a means of preserving reproductive function in girls/women whose ovarian function is compromised by radio- and/or chemotherapy for cancer. Studies in small laboratory rodents have demonstrated that fertility can be restored by transplanting whole cryopreserved ovaries. In large animals, it is not possible to freeze or transplant ovaries without vascular anastomosis. However, primordial oocytes in cortical strips survive freezing, thawing and culture in vitro. We have used sheep as an experimental model for the human because the size of the ovary and length of folliculogenesis (4-6 months) are similar. Following orthotopic transplantation the grafts, become vascularised within a few days and ovulatory cycles become established by 4 months. Several lambs have been born in ewes after autotransplantation of the grafts which continue to function for up to 2 years. The levels of FSH remain consistently raised after transplantation due to a reduced secretion of inhibin A, reflecting the reduction in the size of the ovarian pool of follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Baird
- Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, The Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
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28
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Hunter MG, Hudson N, Mitchell M, Walker RM, Webb R. Resumption of follicle growth in gilts after ovarian autografting. Anim Reprod Sci 2004; 80:317-28. [PMID: 15036507 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(03)00159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2002] [Revised: 05/23/2003] [Accepted: 06/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the study were to evaluate autografting of porcine ovarian tissue in terms of establishment of a blood supply, follicle survival and development, commencement of oestrous cycles and endocrine patterns in this polyovular species. Experiment 1, a preliminary study on four gilts, showed that ovarian tissue slices survived the grafting procedure and re-vascularised. In Experiment 2, a further six pre-pubertal gilts had both ovaries surgically removed and two thin cortical slices of each ovary were immediately reattached to each of the ovarian pedicles. Blood samples were taken at surgery and then weekly. Two gilts were slaughtered 2 weeks after surgery and ovarian tissue recovered. The remaining four gilts underwent daily checks for behavioural oestrus until slaughter 24 weeks after surgery. All four gilts showed standing heat at least once prior to slaughter. Plasma LH and FSH concentrations increased significantly (P<0.01) by 3 days after surgery, then fell gradually, but did not return to pre-surgery levels. Progesterone concentrations showed some evidence of cyclicity in all animals. In the grafted tissue, re-vascularisation of the tissue was apparent by 2 weeks post-grafting, although no preantral or antral follicles were observed. The tissue recovered after 24 weeks contained healthy preantral and antral follicles, luteal tissue and some large cystic follicles. It is unclear whether these cysts were the result of ovarian or hypothalamic/pituitary disturbance. In conclusion, the results of this study have shown that follicle growth and resumption of cyclicity can be achieved following ovarian autografting in pigs and indicate that this will be a useful model for investigating the mechanisms that control the early stages of follicular growth and ultimately ovulation rate in this multiovular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Leics LE12 5RD, UK.
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Paris MCJ, Snow M, Cox SL, Shaw JM. Xenotransplantation: a tool for reproductive biology and animal conservation? Theriogenology 2004; 61:277-91. [PMID: 14662128 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The transplantation of reproductive organs, including ovaries and ovarian tissue, was pioneered over 100 years ago. In the 1960s, ovarian grafting was used as a tool to investigate ovarian function, but with the recent development of more effective cryopreservation protocols for ovarian tissue, germline preservation and propagation have now become realistic goals. This review describes progress in ovarian banking and ovarian tissue transplantation, with emphasis on how fresh and frozen ovarian tissue can be used in assisted reproduction for both humans and animals. This paper focuses most closely on the potential value of xenotransplantation, the transplantation of gonads from one species to another, to conserve rare and endangered species. Specific attention is drawn to the use of xenotransplantation as a strategy for generating viable gametes that can be used to produce live fertile offspring. Other upcoming xenogeneic technologies that may be of potential significance in animal conservation, such as transplantation of whole ovaries or isolated growing follicles, and even male germ cells, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique C J Paris
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Vic, Australia.
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Rahimi G, Isachenko E, Isachenko V, Sauer H, Wartenberg M, Tawadros S, Hescheler J, Mallmann P, Nawroth F. Comparison of necrosis in human ovarian tissue after conventional slow freezing or vitrification and transplantation in ovariectomized SCID mice. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 9:187-93. [PMID: 15333249 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)62128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines and compares necrosis in human ovarian tissue after conventional slow freezing or vitrification and ensuing xenotranplantation. Slow cryoconserved or vitrified ovarian tissue samples and fresh controls from nine patients were subcutaneously transplanted into SCID mice. The tissue samples were explanted after 6 weeks and the necrotic areas were examined by staining with Lucifer yellow SV. The size of the necrotic areas in parallel cultivated ovarian tissue samples was compared, as was necrosis in cultivated prostate tumour spheroids where the emergence of necrosis and its pathophysiological correlation have been described. Examinations showed no significant rise in the proportion of necrotic areas after slow cryoconservation/transplantation and in the controls (transplanted fresh tissue, not transplanted fresh tissue, long-term culture). The proportion of necrotic areas in the tumour spheroids was significantly higher than in the ovarian tissue. Vitrification could, after these results, be presented as an alternative to conventional slow cryoconservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rahimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 34, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Due to the improved long-term survival of adolescents and young women with systemic malignancies such as lymphomas and leukaemia undergoing gonadotoxic chemotherapy, preservation of future fertility has been the focus of recent ubiquitous interest. This review summarizes, in brief, the recent progress in the various attempts to prevent premature ovarian failure in these young women with unconsumed fertility potential. RECENT FINDINGS The investigational endeavours of ovarian cryopreservation await the clinical experience of auto- or xenotransplantation, or in-vitro maturation of thawed primordial follicles, and in-vitro fertilization. Although promising, this procedure is not available yet. Moreover, the risk of possible reimplantation of malignant stem cells with the thawed cryopreserved ovary has been highlighted following experimental animal observations. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist has been efficient in primates in a prospective study, and in young women in several nonrandomized series. The disruption of the acid sphingomyelinase gene, or sphingosine-1-phosphate, in rodents can prevent follicle destruction by ionizing radiation, possibly indicating in-vivo protection in cancer patients at risk of iatrogenic sterilization. SUMMARY The recent enormous scientific advance lends hope that the future may hold answers to the questions regarding safety and efficiency of oocyte, follicle, or ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and the most efficient means of using the thawed tissue - auto-, hetero-, or xenotransplantation versus IVM on the one hand, and in-vivo pharmacological attempts to minimize follicle depletion by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist or other modalities on the other hand. Until then, a combination of all the clinically available modalities should be offered to these young women with unconsumed fertility potential who face gonadotoxic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeev Blumenfeld
- Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam medical Center, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Marsters P, Kendall NR, Campbell BK. Temporal relationships between FSH receptor, type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor, and aromatase expression during FSH-induced differentiation of bovine granulosa cells maintained in serum-free culture. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2003; 203:117-27. [PMID: 12782408 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(03)00093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A serum-free culture system has been developed in ruminants that allows gonadotrophin-responsive induction of oestradiol (E2) production by non-differentiated granulosa cells (GC) from small antral follicles. Critical determinants are dose of FSH and insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and the plating density of the GC. Over the first 16 h of culture when cells remained as a dispersed monolayer, expression declined in FSH receptors (FSHr) (P <0.001), IGF type 1 receptor (IGF-1r) (P <0.08) and p450 arom (CYP19, P <0.001). Characteristic GC clusters formed from 16 h and further enlarged between 24 and 48 h, accompanied by marked increases in FSHr (P <0.01), IGF-1r (P <0.05), and p450 arom (P <0.01) expression, and preceded induction and subsequent peak E2 production, at 96 and 144 h, respectively (P <0.01). In conclusion, isolation and dispersion of GC appears to induce reversion to an immature state resulting in loss of receptor expression. Re-establishment of cell-cell communications in the presence of FSH and IGF results in receptor up-regulation and induction of cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marsters
- School of Human Development, University of Nottingham, Floor D East Block, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
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Blumenfeld Z, Dann E, Avivi I, Epelbaum R, Rowe JM. Fertility after treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Ann Oncol 2002; 13 Suppl 1:138-47. [PMID: 12078896 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/13.s1.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigational endeavors of ovarian cryopreservation await the clinical experience of auto- or xenotransplantation, in vitro maturation of thawed primordial follicles, their in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Although promising, this experience is not yet available. Moreover, the risk of possible reimplantation of malignant stem cells with the thawed cryoperserved ovary has been raised following experimental animal observations. Therefore, until these innovative endeavors prove successful, we have attempted to minimize the gonadotoxic effect of chemotherapy by the co-treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistic analog (GnRH-a) to induce a temporary prepubertal milieu. The immunoreactive inhibin-A and -B in these patients was measured before, during and following the gonadotoxic chemotherapy. METHODS A prospective clinical protocol was undertaken in 60 women aged 15-40 years with lymphoma, 10 with leukemia and 10 undergoing chemotherapeutic treatments for non-malignant diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or other autoimmune diseases. A monthly injection of depot D-TRP(6)-GnRH-a was administered from before starting the chemotherapy until its conclusion, up to a maximum of 6 months. Hormonal profile [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), E2, T, P4, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-BP3 and prolactin) was taken before starting the GnRH-a/chemotherapy co-treatment, and monthly thereafter until resumtion of spontaneous ovulation. This group was compared with a control group of 60 women who have been treated with similar chemotherapy. RESULTS Whereas all but three (40, 36 and 34 year old) of the surviving patients within the GnRH-a/ chemotherapy co-treatment group resumed spontaneous ovulation and menses within 12 months, less than half of the patients in the 'control' group (chemotherapy without GnRH-a co-treatment) resumed ovarian function and regular cyclic activity (P <0.05). The remaining 55% experienced premature ovarian failure (POF). Temporarily increased FSH concentrations were experienced by about one-third of the patients resuming cyclic ovarian function, suggesting reversible ovarian damage in a larger proportion of women than those experiencing POF. Inhibin-A and -B decreased during the GnRH-a/ chemotherapy co-treatment but increased to normal levels in patients who resumed regular ovarian cyclicity, and/or spontaneously conceived, as compared with low levels in those who developed POF. CONCLUSIONS If these preliminary data are consisent in a larger group of patients, GnRH-a co-treatment should be considered in every woman of reproductive age receiving chemotherapy, in addition to assisted reproductive technologies and the investigation into ovarian cryopreservation for future in vitro maturation, autotransplantation or xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Blumenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Hematology and Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, The B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
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