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Hirata T, Nagai H, Koizumi K, Okino K, Harada A, Onda M, Nagahata T, Mikami I, Hirai K, Haraguchi S, Jin E, Kawanami O, Shimizu K, Emi M. Amplification, up-regulation and over-expression of C3G (CRK SH3 domain-binding guanine nucleotide-releasing factor) in non-small cell lung cancers. J Hum Genet 2004; 49:290-295. [PMID: 15138850 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-004-0148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2003] [Accepted: 03/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Ras-CRK-Rap1 cellular signal-transduction system is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Transcription of C3G on chromosome 9q34 and a key member of the GEF gene family is activated by the CRK-adaptor protein; the C3G product is a CRK SH3 domain-binding guanine nucleotide-releasing factor. We document here the amplification of C3G in five of 18 primary non-small cell lung cancers examined and its increased expression in 18 of 28 tumors in comparison to corresponding non-cancerous lung tissues. Immunohistochemical staining revealed prominent C3G protein in the cytoplasm of cancer cells, associated with faint staining at the nucleolar membrane, but C3G was not detectable in normal bronchial mucoepithelial cells or in broncholoalveolar cells of the bronchial/bronchiolar ducts or alveoli. These data indicate that amplification and increased expression of the C3G gene may play some role in human lung carcinogenesis through derangement of the CRK-Rap1 signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alleles
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Nucleolus
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Cytoplasm/metabolism
- DNA/chemistry
- Female
- Gene Dosage
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Factor 2/biosynthesis
- Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Factor 2/genetics
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Middle Aged
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-crk
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Up-Regulation
- rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Hirata
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Hisaki Nagai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koizumi
- Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Keiko Okino
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Onda
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Takemitsu Nagahata
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan
| | - Iwao Mikami
- Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Kyoji Hirai
- Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Syuji Haraguchi
- Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Enjing Jin
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan
| | - Oichi Kawanami
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shimizu
- Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Emi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan.
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Frequent Allelic Loss at 6q26-27 in Breast Carcinomas of the Solid-tubular Histologic Type. Breast Cancer 1998; 5:127-130. [PMID: 11091637 DOI: 10.1007/bf02966684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the effect that inactivation of a putative tumor suppressor gene on 6q appears to have on breast carcinogenesis, we examined loss of heterozygosity in 528 primary breast carcinomas with a polymorphic marker located at 6q26-27, a frequent target region of allelic loss in ovarian and breast cancers. Ofthe 56 informative tumors of the solid-tubular type, 29(52&precnt;)showed allelic lossat 6q26-27;however, only 10 of 42 papillotubular carcinomas(23%)and 34 of 86 scirrhous carcinomas(39%)showed allelic loss(p = 0.0215). These results are consistent with reported alterations at 6q26-27 in serous and mucinous types of ovariancancers, in that they suggest that inactivation of one or more genes in that region may affect carcinogenic mechanisms in a histologic type-specific manner in neoplasms of the female reproductive organs.
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