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Otto JR, Mwangi FW, Pewan SB, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO. Muscle biopsy long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions, IMF and FMP in Australian pasture-based Bowen Genetics Forest Pastoral Angus, Hereford, and Wagyu Beef Cattle. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:95. [PMID: 38461255 PMCID: PMC10924329 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated breed and gender variations in the compositions of long-chain (≥ C20) omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC omega-3 PUFA), fat melting point (FMP) and intramuscular fat (IMF) contents in biopsy samples of the M. longissimus dorsi muscle of grazing beef cattle. The hypothesis that biopsy compositions of health-beneficial LC omega-3 PUFA, FMP and IMF in a pasture-based production system will vary with breed, was tested. Muscle biopsies were taken from 127 yearling pasture-based Angus, Hereford, and Wagyu heifers and young bulls exclusive to the Australian Bowen Genetics Forest Pastoral breeding stud averaging 12 ± 2.43 months of age and under the same management routine. RESULTS Breed had a significant influence on IMF, FMP, and the compositions of oleic acid, α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and total EPA + DHA + DPA in the M. longissimus dorsi muscle biopsies (P ≤ 0.03). The Wagyu breed had the highest (11.1%) and Hereford the lowest (5.9%) IMF (P = 0.03). The reverse trend was observed in FMP values where the Hereford breed had the highest (55 °C), Angus intermediate (46.5 °C), and Wagyu the lowest (33 °C) FMP. The Wagyu and Angus breeds had similar oleic fatty acid (18:1n-9) content, while the Hereford breed had the lowest (P < 0.01). The highest ALA, DPA, total EPA + DHA, total EPA + DHA + DPA and total ALA + EPA + DHA + DPA contents were detected in the Wagyu breed (P ≤ 0.03). The Hereford had similar EPA and DPA contents to the Angus (P ≥ 0.46). Total EPA + DHA + DPA contents in Wagyu, Angus, and Hereford were 28.8, 21.5, and 22.1 mg/100g tissue (P = 0.01), respectively. Sex was an important source of variation that influenced LC omega-3 PUFA composition, FMP and IMF, where yearling heifers had higher IMF (11.9% vs 5.3%), lower FMP (33°C vs 37°C), and higher LC omega-3 PUFA than bulls. CONCLUSION All the results taken together indicate that the Wagyu breed at 28.8 mg/100g tissue, was the closest to meeting the Australia and New Zealand recommended source level threshold of 30 mg/100g tissue of health-beneficial ≥ C20 omega-3 FA content. Since gender was a significant determinant of LC omega-3 PUFA composition, IMF content and FMP, it should be factored into enhancement strategies of healthy meat eating quality traits in grazing cattle. These findings also suggest that the Bowen Genetics Forest Pastoral beef cattle studs are important sources of LC omega-3 PUFA that can be used to cover the deficit in these health claimable fatty acids in Western diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Roger Otto
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Felista Waithira Mwangi
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Shedrach Benjamin Pewan
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Private Mail Bag 01 Vom, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | | | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Nishio M, Inoue K, Arakawa A, Ichinoseki K, Kobayashi E, Okamura T, Fukuzawa Y, Ogawa S, Taniguchi M, Oe M, Takeda M, Kamata T, Konno M, Takagi M, Sekiya M, Matsuzawa T, Inoue Y, Watanabe A, Kobayashi H, Shibata E, Ohtani A, Yazaki R, Nakashima R, Ishii K. Application of linear and machine learning models to genomic prediction of fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13883. [PMID: 37909231 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
We collected 3180 records of oleic acid (C18:1) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) measured using gas chromatography (GC) and 6960 records of C18:1 and MUFA measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in intermuscular fat samples of Japanese Black cattle. We compared genomic prediction performance for four linear models (genomic best linear unbiased prediction [GBLUP], kinship-adjusted multiple loci [KAML], BayesC, and BayesLASSO) and five machine learning models (Gaussian kernel [GK], deep kernel [DK], random forest [RF], extreme gradient boost [XGB], and convolutional neural network [CNN]). For GC-based C18:1 and MUFA, KAML showed the highest accuracies, followed by BayesC, XGB, DK, GK, and BayesLASSO, with more than 6% gain of accuracy by KAML over GBLUP. Meanwhile, DK had the highest prediction accuracy for NIRS-based C18:1 and MUFA, but the difference in accuracies between DK and KAML was slight. For all traits, accuracies of RF and CNN were lower than those of GBLUP. The KAML extends GBLUP methods, of which marker effects are weighted, and involves only additive genetic effects; whereas machine learning methods capture non-additive genetic effects. Thus, KAML is the most suitable method for breeding of fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohide Nishio
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Keiichi Inoue
- National Livestock Breeding Center, Fukushima, Japan
- University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Aisaku Arakawa
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Yo Fukuzawa
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ogawa
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Mika Oe
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Takehiro Kamata
- Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Tsugaru, Japan
| | - Masaru Konno
- Iwate Agricultural Research Center Animal Industry Research Institute, Takizawa, Japan
| | - Michihiro Takagi
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Osaki, Japan
| | - Mario Sekiya
- Akita Prefectural Livestock Experiment Station, Daisen, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Matsuzawa
- Livestock Research Centre, Fukushima Agricultural Technology Centre, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Inoue
- Tottori Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Institute of Animal Production Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Misaki, Japan
| | - Eri Shibata
- Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Livestock Technology Research Center, Shobara, Japan
| | - Akihumi Ohtani
- Yamaguchi Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry General Technology Center, Mine, Japan
| | - Ryu Yazaki
- Oita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Research Center, Takeda, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Nakashima
- Cattle Breeding Development Institute of Kagoshima Prefecture, Soo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ishii
- Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
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Hanes C, Coatney KB, Rivera D, Schilling W, Dinh T. Effects of chilling duration on USDA Quality Grade of beef carcasses. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Two hundred and nine beef carcasses (BW of 361 ± 53 kg) from crossbred, grain-finished cattle were harvested in a commercial abattoir and subjected to a 96-h spray chilling treatment, conducted at 0 to 3°C in a commercial hot box with a wind speed of 3.1 m/s and 153-lux of fluorescent light. At the 24, 48, 72, and 96 h points of the treatment, the carcasses were analyzed for fatty acid composition, marbling score, core temperature (n = 1), pH, shrinkage, color, and aerobic plate count (n = 50). Carcasses reached 3ºC after 12 to 16 h of chilling. There were minimal changes in shrinkage among time point (-0.4 to 1.2%; P ≤ 0.002), pH (5.56 to 5.69; P ≤ 0.001), and aerobic plate count (APC) (0.1 to 0.7 log; P ˂ 0.001). Initial 24-h grading revealed a grade composition of 21.1% Slight (SL, n = 44), 34.0% Small (SM, n = 71), 17.2% Modest (MT, n = 37), 17.7% Moderate (MD, n = 36), and 10.1% Slightly Abundant (SA, n = 21). With marbling score in numeric values between 200 (Practically Devoid00) and 1100 (Abundant00), carcasses that had SM or greater marbling score at 24 h experienced a deduction of 34 to 60 points by the 96th hour of spray chilling (P ≤ 0.042). Comparatively, the marbling scores of the SL carcasses increased from 442 points at 24 h to 469 points at 96 h. Moreover, SL carcasses had a greater percentage of polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) (P < 0.001). Results indicate that spray chilling for 96 h may slightly increase the marbling score of USDA Select, but has minimal impacts on marbling score of greater USDA quality grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Hanes
- Mississippi State University Animal and Dairy Science
| | | | - Daniel Rivera
- Mississippi State University Agriculture and Forestry Exp. Station
| | - Wes Schilling
- Mississippi State University Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion
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Effect of Five Polymorphisms on Percentage of Oleic Acid in Beef and Investigation of Linkage Disequilibrium to Confirm the Locations of Quantitative Trait Loci on BTA19 in Japanese Black Cattle. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070597. [PMID: 34206576 PMCID: PMC8303249 DOI: 10.3390/life11070597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five polymorphisms associated with the percentage of oleic acid (C18:1) in beef fat were previously reported on bovine chromosome 19 in different Japanese Black cattle populations. This study aimed to verify the effects of these five polymorphisms on C18:1 using the same Japanese Black cattle population and conduct linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis in order to determine the locations of the quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We genotyped the five polymorphisms (SREBP1 c.1065 + 83 (84bp indel), STARD3 c.1187 C > T, GH c.379 C > G, FASN g.841 G > C, and FASN g.16024 A > G) in two populations, which were bred in Hyogo and Gifu Prefectures, Japan (n = 441 and 443, respectively) in order to analyze their effects on C18:1 using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the Hyogo population, SREBP1 c.1065 + 83 and STARD3 c.1187 C > T were significantly associated with C18:1 (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, FASN g.841 G > C, FASN g.16024 A > G, and GH c.379 C > G were significantly associated with C18:1 (p < 0.01) in the Gifu population. LD analysis was subsequently conducted to detect the range of the QTLs, which ranged from 32.2 to 46.4 Mbp and from 47.8 to 52.1 Mbp in the Hyogo and Gifu populations, respectively. In conclusion, this study confirmed the existence of QTLs on BTA19 and divided the candidate region for each QTL based on LD coefficients. These results could contribute to efficient searches for responsible genes and polymorphisms for fatty acid composition.
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Liu L, Cao P, Zhang L, Qi M, Wang L, Li Z, Shao G, Ding L, Zhao X, Zhao X, Xu S, Zhang H, Chai J, Yue M, Wang G, Liu D, Sun F. Comparisons of adipogenesis- and lipid metabolism-related gene expression levels in muscle, adipose tissue and liver from Wagyu-cross and Holstein steers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247559. [PMID: 33626085 PMCID: PMC7904217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid composition are important meat quality traits that are mostly affected by the cattle breed. Muscle, adipose tissue and liver are important organs involved in the development of intramuscular adipose tissue. Thus, we hypothesized that there were marked differences in the adipogenesis and lipid metabolism of these tissues between Wagyu-cross and Holstein steers during the finishing phases. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the expression levels of adipogenesis- and lipid metabolism-related genes in longissimus muscle (LM), subcutaneous fat (SCF) and liver from Wagyu-cross and Holstein steers at 26 months of age. The IMF content and fatty acid profile of LM were determined. Wagyu-cross steers had a higher IMF content and MUFA percentages in the LM than Holstein steers (P<0.05). The relative expression of FGF2, COL1A1, SREBP1c, SCD1, GRP78 and LEP was greater in the LM of Wagyu-cross steers than in Holstein steers (P<0.05). In contrast, Holstein steer SCF had higher (P<0.05) mRNA expression levels of FABP4 and ADIPOQ than Wagyu-cross steers. In the liver, the expression of SREBP1c and GRP78 in Wagyu-cross steers was significantly higher than that in Holstein steers (P<0.05). The results demonstrate that both intramuscular adipogenesis and fibrogenesis are enhanced in Wagyu-cross steers compared with Holstein steers during the finishing phase and that IMF deposition is positively correlated with the maturity of SCF and hepatic lipid accumulation in Wagyu-cross steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Peili Cao
- Heilongjiang Journal Press of Agricultural Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lupei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meiyu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guang Shao
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Liyan Ding
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jinbao Chai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Mengmeng Yue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Genlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Combining Farming and Animal Husbandry of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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Wang Z, Zhu B, Niu H, Zhang W, Xu L, Xu L, Chen Y, Zhang L, Gao X, Gao H, Zhang S, Xu L, Li J. Genome wide association study identifies SNPs associated with fatty acid composition in Chinese Wagyu cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:27. [PMID: 30867906 PMCID: PMC6399853 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acids are important traits that affect meat quality and nutritive values in beef cattle. Detection of genetic variants for fatty acid composition can help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underpinning these traits and promote the improvement of fatty acid profiles. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on fatty acid composition using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays in Chinese Wagyu cattle. Results In total, we detected 15 and 8 significant genome-wide SNPs for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, respectively. Also, we identified nine candidate genes based on 100 kb regions around associated SNPs. Four SNPs significantly associated with C14:1 cis-9 were embedded with stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), while three SNPs in total were identified for C22:6 n-3 within Phospholipid scramblase family member 5 (PLSCR5), Cytoplasmic linker associated protein 1 (CLASP1), and Chymosin (CYM). Notably, we found the top candidate SNP within SCD can explain ~ 7.37% of phenotypic variance for C14:1 cis-9. Moreover, we detected several blocks with high LD in the 100 kb region around SCD. In addition, we found three significant SNPs within a 100 kb region showing pleiotropic effects related to multiple FA groups (PUFA, n-6, and PUFA/SFA), which contains BAI1 associated protein 2 like 2 (BAIAP2L2), MAF bZIP transcription factor F (MAFF), and transmembrane protein 184B (TMEM184B). Conclusions Our study identified several significant SNPs and candidate genes for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, and these findings will further assist the design of breeding programs for meat quality in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhao Wang
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China.,2National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Bo Zhu
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hong Niu
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wengang Zhang
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ling Xu
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lei Xu
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China.,3Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Yan Chen
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lupei Zhang
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xue Gao
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Huijiang Gao
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shengli Zhang
- 2National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lingyang Xu
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Junya Li
- 1Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
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Gotoh T, Nishimura T, Kuchida K, Mannen H. The Japanese Wagyu beef industry: current situation and future prospects - A review. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:933-950. [PMID: 29973029 PMCID: PMC6039323 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In Japan, Wagyu cattle include four Japanese breeds; Black, Brown, Shorthorn, and Polled. Today, the renowned brand name Wagyu includes not only cattle produced in Japan, but also cattle produced in countries such as Australia and the United States. In recent years, the intramuscular fat percentage in beef (longissimus muscle) from Japanese Black cattle has increased to be greater than 30%. The Japanese Black breed is genetically predisposed to producing carcass lipids containing higher concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids than other breeds. However, there are numerous problems with the management of this breed including high production costs, disposal of untreated excrement, the requirement for imported feed, and food security risks resulting from various viral diseases introduced by imported feed. The feeding system needs to shift to one that is more efficient, and improves management for farmers, food security for consumers, and the health environment for residents of Japan. Currently, we are developing a metabolic programming and an information and communications technology (ICT, or Interne of Things) management system for Wagyu beef production as future systems. If successful, we will produce safe, high-quality Wagyu beef using domestic pasture resources while solving the problems of how to utilize increasing areas of abandoned agricultural land and to make use of the plant-based feed resources in Japan’s mountainous areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Gotoh
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.,Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Takeda 878-0201, Japan
| | - Takanori Nishimura
- Muscle Biology and Meat Science laboratory, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Keigo Kuchida
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mannen
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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Kawaguchi F, Kigoshi H, Nakajima A, Matsumoto Y, Uemoto Y, Fukushima M, Yoshida E, Iwamoto E, Akiyama T, Kohama N, Kobayashi E, Honda T, Oyama K, Mannen H, Sasazaki S. Pool-based genome-wide association study identified novel candidate regions on BTA9 and 14 for oleic acid percentage in Japanese Black cattle. Anim Sci J 2018; 89:1060-1066. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuki Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Hiroto Kigoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakajima
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Yuta Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Uemoto
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - Moriyuki Fukushima
- Northern Center of Agricultural Technology, General Technological Center of Hyogo Prefecture for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Asago Japan
| | - Emi Yoshida
- Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Kasai Japan
| | - Eiji Iwamoto
- Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Kasai Japan
| | - Takayuki Akiyama
- Northern Center of Agricultural Technology, General Technological Center of Hyogo Prefecture for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Asago Japan
| | - Namiko Kohama
- Northern Center of Agricultural Technology, General Technological Center of Hyogo Prefecture for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries; Asago Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Division of Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research; Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science; National Agriculture and Food Research Organization; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Takeshi Honda
- Food Resources Education & Research Center; Kobe University; Kasai Japan
| | - Kenji Oyama
- Food Resources Education & Research Center; Kobe University; Kasai Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mannen
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Shinji Sasazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics; Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
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9
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Slip points of subcutaneous adipose tissue lipids do not predict beef marbling score or percent intramuscular lipid. Meat Sci 2018; 139:201-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kimura N, Nishimura N, Iwama N, Aihara Y, Ogawa Y, Miyaguchi Y. Evaluation of the thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue using differential scanning calorimetry. Anim Sci J 2017; 88:1615-1622. [PMID: 28485052 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The thermal property of bovine intramuscular adipose tissue (IAT) was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and compared with the melting point temperature (MP) of the fat extract of IAT, which was measured using the slip point method. The beef samples were classified according to the beef marbling score (BMS). Beef with a high BMS contained less protein than that with middle or low BMS. Beef with a high BMS contained significantly more fat than that with a low BMS (P < 0.05). The endothermic point temperature (EP) of IAT, measured by DSC, was significantly higher than the MP of IAT fat (P < 0.05). The EP showed no significant difference among the three marbling grade groups. Although the MP was correlated with the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content of IAT (R2 = 0.505), there was no correlation between the EP and the MUFA (R2 = 0.040). However, the EP of IAT treated with collagenase was relatively highly correlated with the MP (R2 = 0.655). Thus, these results suggested that DSC analysis would give us the practical thermal information regarding the melt-in the-mouth of beef such as the gelatinization of collagen, along with the melting of fat in IAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kimura
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nana Nishimura
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nagako Iwama
- Beef Cattle Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Hitachiomiya-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Aihara
- Beef Cattle Laboratory, Ibaraki Prefectural Livestock Research Center, Hitachiomiya-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuki Ogawa
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyaguchi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
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11
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Gotoh T, Joo ST. Characteristics and Health Benefit of Highly Marbled Wagyu and Hanwoo Beef. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2016; 36:709-718. [PMID: 28115881 PMCID: PMC5243954 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2016.36.6.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the characteristics and health benefit of highly marbled Wagyu and Hanwoo beef. Marbling of Wagyu and Hanwoo beef has been increased in Japan and Korea to meet domestic consumer preferences. Wagyu and Hanwoo cattle have high potential of accumulating intramuscular fat (IMF) and producing highly marbled beef. The IMF content varies depending on the feeding of time, finishing diet, and breed type. IMF increases when feeding time is increased. The rate of IMF increase in grain-fed cattle is faster than that in pasture-fed cattle. Fatty acid composition are also different depending on breeds. Highly marbled Wagyu and Hanwoo beef have higher proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) due to higher concentrations of oleic acid. MUFAs have little effect on total cholesterol. They are heart-healthy dietary fat because they can lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol while increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. Clinical trials have indicated that highly marbled beef does not increase LDL-cholesterol. This review also emphasizes that high oleic acid beef such as Wagyu and Hanwoo beef might be able to reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Gotoh
- Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 8780201, Japan
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 ), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
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12
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Review: Animal model and the current understanding of molecule dynamics of adipogenesis. Animal 2016; 10:927-32. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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13
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Yasuda K, Kitagawa M, Oishi K, Hirooka H, Tamura T, Kumagai H. Growth performance, carcass traits, physiochemical characteristics and intramuscular fatty acid composition of finishing Japanese black steers fed soybean curd residue and soy sauce cake. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:885-95. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Yasuda
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Sakyo
| | - Masayuki Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Sakyo
| | - Kazato Oishi
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Sakyo
| | - Hiroyuki Hirooka
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Sakyo
| | | | - Hajime Kumagai
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Sakyo
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14
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Ha SR, Choi JS, Jin SK. The Physicochemical Properties of Pork Sausages with Red Beet Powder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2015.25.8.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Honda T, Ishida T, Kobayashi I, Oguri Y, Mizuno Y, Mannen H, Iwaisaki H, Kuge S, Saito K, Oyama K. Change of fatty acid composition of the lumbar longissimus during the final stage of fattening in the Japanese Black cattle. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:578-83. [PMID: 26279279 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Consideration of the shortened fattening period seems to be worthwhile for the realization of profitable beef production. In this study, change of fatty acid composition of the lumbar longissimus during the final stage of fattening was investigated in Japanese Black cattle. Each of 110 fattening animals was sampled three times: the initial two samples were taken by biopsy (25.7 months and 27.5 months on average) and the final one was from carcasses (29.9 months on average). Preliminary analysis indicated that removing muscle tissues from the constant body position of the living animals should be essential for sampling. Average monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) at three sampling points were 58.1%, 58.5% and 60.5%, and the differences of the third sampling with the first and second samplings were significant. Both in steers and heifers, MUFA also increased as the fattening stage proceeded, and MUFA of the heifers at all the sampling points were significantly higher than those of the steers. The increasing rate of MUFA rose from 0.21 percentage points (pp)/month at period 1 (from the first sampling to the second sampling) to 0.84 pp/month at period 2 (from the second sampling to the slaughter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Honda
- Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ishida
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kobayashi
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oguri
- Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuto Mizuno
- Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mannen
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Shiro Kuge
- Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Saito
- National Livestock Breeding Center (NLBC), Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Oyama
- Food Resources Education and Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
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16
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Yamauchi E, Suzuki Y, So KH, Suzuki KI, Katoh K, Roh SG. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Coding Region of Bovine Chemerin Gene and Their Associations with Carcass Traits in Japanese Black Cattle. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1084-9. [PMID: 26104515 PMCID: PMC4478475 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemerin, highly expressed in adipose and liver tissues, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity in these tissues in ruminants and mice. Our previous reports showed that chemerin is involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue as an adipokine. The aim of the present study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of the chemerin gene and to analyze their effects on carcass traits and intramuscular fatty acid compositions in Japanese Black cattle. The SNPs in the bovine chemerin gene were detected in 232 Japanese Black steers (n = 161) and heifers (n = 71) using DNA sequencing. The results revealed five novel silent mutations: NM_001046020: c.12A>G (4aa), c.165G<A (55aa), c.276C>T (92aa), c.321 A>G (107aa), and c.396C>T (132aa). There was no association between 4 of the SNPs (c.12A>G [4aa], c.165G<A [55aa], c.321 A>G [107aa], and c.396C>T) and carcass traits or intramuscular fatty acid compositions. Regarding the remaining SNP, c.276C>T, we found that cattle with genotype CC had a higher beef marbling score than that of cattle with genotype CT, whereas cattle with genotype CT had a higher body condition score (p<0.10). Further, cattle with genotype CC had significantly higher C18:0 content in their intramuscular fat tissue than that of cattle with genotype CT (p<0.05). On the other hand, cattle with genotype CT had significantly higher C14:0 and C16:0 content in their intramuscular fat tissue (p<0.05). Moreover, the number of individuals carrying the minor allele of c.276C>T SNP is small. It is suggested that the c.276C>T SNP of the chemerin gene has potential in cattle breeding using modern methods, such as marker assisted selection. So, further functional and physiological research elucidating the impact of the chemerin gene on bovine lipid metabolism including fatty acid synthesis will help in understanding these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Yamauchi
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
| | - Kyoung-Ha So
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Suzuki
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuo Katoh
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
| | - Sang-Gun Roh
- Lab of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 981-8555, Japan
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17
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Gotoh T, Takahashi H, Nishimura T, Kuchida K, Mannen H. Meat produced by Japanese Black cattle and Wagyu. Anim Front 2014. [DOI: 10.2527/af.2014-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gotoh
- Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 8780201, Japan
| | - H. Takahashi
- Muscle Biology and Meat Science laboratory, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, 060-8589, Japan
| | - T. Nishimura
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 080-8555, Japan
| | - K. Kuchida
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 657-8501, Japan
| | - H. Mannen
- Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 8780201, Japan
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18
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Oh DY, Lee YS, La BM, Lee JY, Park YS, Lee JH, Ha JJ, Yi JK, Kim BK, Yeo JS. Identification of exonic nucleotide variants of the thyroid hormone responsive protein gene associated with carcass traits and Fatty Acid composition in korean cattle. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 27:1373-80. [PMID: 25178286 PMCID: PMC4150167 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid hormone responsive protein (THRSP) gene is a functional gene that can be used to indicate the fatty acid compositions. This study investigates the relationships of exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the THRSP gene and fatty acid composition of muscle fat and marbling score in the 612 Korean cattle. The relationships between fatty acid composition and eight SNPs in the THRSP gene (g.78 G>A, g.173 C>T, g.184 C>T, g.190 C>A, g.194 C>T, g.277 C>G, g.283 T>G and g.290 T>G) were investigated, and according to the results, two SNPs (g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T) in exon 1 were associated with fatty acid composition. The GG and CC genotypes of g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T had higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content (p<0.05). In addition, the ht1*ht1 group (Val/Ala haplotype) in a linkage disequilibrium increased MUFAs and marbling scores for carcass traits (p<0.05). As a result, g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T had significantly relationships with UFAs and MUFAs. Two SNPs in the THRSP gene affected fatty acid composition, suggesting that GG and CC genotypes and the ht1*ht1 group (Val/Ala haplotype) can be markers to genetically improve the quality and flavor of beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yep Oh
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Lee
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea
| | - Boo-Mi La
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Department of Statistics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Park
- Department of Equine Industry, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hwaseong 445-760, Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Lee
- Gyeongbuk Provincial College, Yecheon 750-767, Korea
| | - Jae-Jung Ha
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea
| | - Jun-Koo Yi
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea
| | - Byung-Ki Kim
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 232-916, Korea
| | - Jung-Sou Yeo
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
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19
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Sasazaki S, Akiyama K, Narukami T, Matsumoto H, Oyama K, Mannen H. UTS2R gene polymorphisms are associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese beef cattle. Anim Sci J 2014; 85:499-505. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sasazaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Kento Akiyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | - Takahiro Narukami
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
| | | | - Kenji Oyama
- Food Resources Education & Research Center; Kobe University; Kasai Japan
| | - Hideyuki Mannen
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Kobe University; Kobe Japan
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20
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Santos R, Peña F, Juárez M, Avilés C, Horcada A, Molina A. Use of image analysis of cross-sectional cuts to estimate the composition of the 10th–11th–12th rib-cut of European lean beef bulls. Meat Sci 2013; 94:312-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Oh D, La B, Lee Y, Byun Y, Lee J, Yeo G, Yeo J. Identification of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene associated with fatty acid composition in Korean cattle. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3155-63. [PMID: 23271120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene can be considered a functional candidate gene that regulates fatty acid composition. In this study, genetic associations between fatty acid composition and exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LPL gene were examined using 612 Korean cattle. We investigated the relationship between unsaturated fatty acids and five novel SNPs (c.322G>A, c.329A>T, c.527T>G, c.988C>T and c.1591G>A), and confirmed that three polymorphic SNPs (c.322G>A, c.329A>T and c.1591G>A) were associated with fatty acid composition. Korean cattle with an AA genotype of c.322G>A, c.329A>T, and GA genotype of c.1591G>A had higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and carcass traits (P < 0.05). Our findings confirmed that three novel SNPs we identified in the LPL gene can affect fatty acid composition and carcass traits. Therefore, selection for AA and GA genotypes should be recommended to genetically improve beef quality and flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyep Oh
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, South Korea.
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22
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Matsumoto H, Shimizu Y, Tanaka A, Nogi T, Tabuchi I, Oyama K, Taniguchi M, Mannen H, Sasazaki S. The SNP in the promoter region of the bovine ELOVL5 gene influences economic traits including subcutaneous fat thickness. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:3231-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Jo C, Cho S, Chang J, Nam K. Keys to production and processing of Hanwoo beef: A perspective of tradition and science. Anim Front 2012. [DOI: 10.2527/af.2012-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Jo
- Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - S.H. Cho
- National Livestock Research Institute, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-350, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Chang
- Department of Agricultural Science, Korea National Open University, Seoul 110-791, Republic of Korea
| | - K.C. Nam
- Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-950, Republic of Korea
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24
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MANNEN H. Genes Associated with Fatty Acid Composition of Beef. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.18.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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KANEDA M, LIN BZ, SASAZAKI S, OYAMA K, MANNEN H. Allele frequencies of gene polymorphisms related to economic traits in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle breeds. Anim Sci J 2011; 82:717-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Abstract
The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue in beef has been recognized as an important trait because of its relationship with beef quality, including favorable beef flavor and tenderness. Over the last decade, we have tried to identify the genes responsible for the fatty acid composition in cattle, and have found the following. (i) Genetic polymorphism of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is one of the responsible genes associated with fatty acid composition. The average effects of gene substitution of the SCD type A gene on the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) percentage and the melting point of intramuscular fat were approximately +1.0% and -1.0°C, respectively. (ii) Intron polymorphism of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) also affected MUFA. (iii) No effect of SCD or SREBP-1 genotypes on any representative carcass traits of Japanese Black in the field population was observed. (iv) Additional genetic markers adipocytes fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and liver X receptor α also affected the fatty acid composition. (v) SCD and FABP4 significantly affected fatty acid composition in Holstein steers. These findings will bring new insight into the fat-related carcass traits of beef cattle and will thus contribute to the beef industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Mannen
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
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27
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Maharani D, Jo CR, Jeon JT, Lee JH. Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Affecting Fatty Acid Composition in Cattle and Pig. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2011. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2011.31.3.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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28
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Lee JH, Yamamoto I, Jeong JS, Nade T, Arai T, Kimura N. Relationship between adipose maturity and fatty acid composition in various adipose tissues of Japanese Black, Holstein and Crossbred (F1) steers. Anim Sci J 2011; 82:689-97. [PMID: 21951906 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The amount of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) is intimately related to adipose softness, melting point (MP) and flavor in beef. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a main gene involved in MUFA synthesis. Mature adipose tends to be highly saturated, whereas immature or maturing adipose is highly unsaturated when chronologically based, so the degree of non-saturation can be an index of adipose maturity. In this study, three different adipose tissues (coelomic (CL), perirenal (PR), and subcutaneous (SC)) from three beef breeds with differing slaughter ages (Japanese Black (29.5 months), Holstein (20.1 month), and F1 crossbreed (25.6 months)) were examined to: (i) determine adipose maturity level as indexed by MUFA %; and (ii) determine SCD and other lipogenic gene messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in relation to unsaturated fatty acid content. Fatty acid composition was significantly different between adipose tissues (P < 0.05). MUFA amount was high in the following order: SC > CL > PR. This pattern corresponded to SCD mRNA expression profile showing higher expression in SC than CL and PR. However, Japanese black cattle are an exception with CL adipose containing similar UFA % as SC adipose, yet having the lowest SCD mRNA expression level among all adipose tissues tested. Therefore, SCD mRNA expression and MUFA % appear to be directly related; however, differences in SCD mRNA expression among three adipose tissues may reflect differences in the fat development characteristics affected by chronological age of the cattle breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hwan Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Ripoli M, Rogberg-Muñoz A, Lirón J, Francisco E, Villegas-Castagnasso E, Peral-Garcia P, Giovambattista G. History and selection imprinting on genetic relationships among bovine breeds analyzed trough five genes related with marbling. Res Vet Sci 2011; 90:245-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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NARUKAMI T, SASAZAKI S, OYAMA K, NOGI T, TANIGUCHI M, MANNEN H. Effect of DNA polymorphisms related to fatty acid composition in adipose tissue of Holstein cattle. Anim Sci J 2011; 82:406-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00855.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Ardiyanti A, Oki Y, Suda Y, Suzuki K, Chikuni K, Obara Y, Katoh K. Effects of GH gene polymorphism and sex on carcass traits and fatty acid compositions in Japanese Black cattle. Anim Sci J 2010; 80:62-9. [PMID: 20163470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2008.00594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene polymorphism on carcass traits and fatty acid compositions in Japanese Black cattle caused by nucleotide substitution of CTG (allele A)/GTG (allele B) at codon 127 and of ACG (allele A and B)/ATG (allele C) at codon 172 of bGH, GH genotypes of 135 cattle were determined using allele specific-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Allele A gave greater rib thickness and lower melting point of fat (MP) while allele B gave higher C18:1% (P < 0.05). Allele C gave higher C18:1, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) percentages (P < 0.05). It also gave lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) percentages, higher MUFA/SFA and USFA/SFA ratios, and lower MP (P < 0.05). Interactions of sex and GH alleles were analyzed. In heifers, allele A gave higher carcass weight, daily carcass gain, rib eye area, rib thickness, subcutaneous fat thickness, and BMS while allele B gave greater rib eye area and rib thickness (P < 0.05). Allele C gave higher C18:1 (P < 0.01), MUFA (P < 0.01), USFA percentages (P < 0.05) and MUFA/SFA and USFA/SFA ratios (P < 0.01), and lower C16:0 and SFA percentages (P < 0.05) and MP (P < 0.01). GH gene polymorphism affected carcass traits and fatty acid compositions although the effects were more pronounced in heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Ardiyanti
- Department of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Japan.
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Kang JO, Lee SG. Effects of Chitosan on Reduction of Sodium Lactate in Sodium Nitrite-reduced Sausages. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2010.52.1.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jiang Z, Michal JJ, Chen J, Daniels TF, Kunej T, Garcia MD, Gaskins CT, Busboom JR, Alexander LJ, Wright RW, Macneil MD. Discovery of novel genetic networks associated with 19 economically important traits in beef cattle. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:528-42. [PMID: 19727437 PMCID: PMC2726579 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative or complex traits are determined by the combined effects of many loci, and are
affected by genetic networks or molecular pathways. In the present study, we genotyped a total
of 138 mutations, mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms derived from 71 functional genes on a
Wagyu x Limousin reference population. Two hundred forty six F2 animals were
measured for 5 carcass, 6 eating quality and 8 fatty acid composition traits. A total of 2,280
single marker-trait association runs with 120 tagged mutations selected based on the HAPLOVIEW
analysis revealed 144 significant associations (P < 0.05), but 50 of them were removed
from the analysis due to the small number of animals (≤ 9) in one genotype group or
absence of one genotype among three genotypes. The remaining 94 single-trait associations were
then placed into three groups of quantitative trait modes (QTMs) with additive, dominant and
overdominant effects. All significant markers and their QTMs associated with each of these 19
traits were involved in a linear regression model analysis, which confirmed single-gene
associations for 4 traits, but revealed two-gene networks for 8 traits and three-gene networks
for 5 traits. Such genetic networks involving both genotypes and QTMs resulted in high
correlations between predicted and actual values of performance, thus providing evidence that
the classical Mendelian principles of inheritance can be applied in understanding genetic
complexity of complex phenotypes. Our present study also indicated that carcass, eating quality
and fatty acid composition traits rarely share genetic networks. Therefore, marker-assisted
selection for improvement of one category of these traits would not interfere with improvement
of another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6351, USA.
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Cho S, Kim J, Seong P, Cho Y, Chung W, Park B, Chung M, Kim D, Lee J, Ahn C. Physico-chemical Meat Quality Properties and Nutritional Composition of Hanwoo Steer Beef with 1++Quality Grade. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2008. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2008.28.4.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jiang Z, Michal JJ, Tobey DJ, Daniels TF, Rule DC, Macneil MD. Significant associations of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) gene with fat deposition and composition in skeletal muscle. Int J Biol Sci 2008; 4:345-51. [PMID: 18825276 PMCID: PMC2556050 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.4.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression studies in humans and animals have shown that elevated stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) activity is associated with increased fat accumulation and monounsaturation of saturated fatty acids in skeletal muscle. However, results of the two reported association studies in humans are inconsistent. In the present study, we annotated the bovine SCD1 gene and identified 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its 3'untranslated region (UTR). Genotyping these SNPs on a Wagyu x Limousin reference population revealed that the SCD1 gene was significantly associated with six fat deposition and fatty acid composition traits in skeletal muscle, but not with subcutaneous fat depth and percent kidney-pelvic-heart fat. In particular, we confirmed that the high stearoyl-CoA desaturase activities/alleles were positively correlated with beef marbling score, amount of monounsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid content, but negatively with amount of saturated fatty acids. The inconsistent associations between human studies might be caused by using different sets of markers because we observed that most associated markers are located near the end of 3'UTR. We found that the proximity of the polyadenylation signal site is highly conserved among human, cattle and pig, indicating that the region might contain functional elements involved in posttranscriptional control of SCD1 activity. In conclusion, our cross species study provided solid evidence to support SCD1 gene as a critical player in skeletal muscle fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6351, USA.
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Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica Pigment and Sodium Lactate on Nitrite-reduced Sausages. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2008.50.4.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Nutritional Composition and Physico-chemical Meat Quality Properties of Korean Hanwoo Bull Beef. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2007.49.6.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Genotype of bovine sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) is associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle. Mamm Genome 2007; 18:880-6. [PMID: 18049837 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-007-9072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate genetic factors that affect fatty acid composition in beef carcass, we previously investigated genetic profiles of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and their effect on fatty acid composition in fat tissue of cattle. It has been known that sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression levels of SCD and other genes relevant to lipid and fatty acid metabolism in tissue. Therefore, we determined the full-length sequence of bovine SREBP-1 cDNA and then surveyed polymorphisms in whole exons and introns in the bovine genome. Large 84-bp insertion (long type: L) and deletion (short type: S) were found in intron 5 of bovine SREBP-1 in Japanese Black cattle, although there was no notable mutation in exon regions. The associations between the SREBP-1 genotypes and fatty acid compositions/fat melting points were analyzed by using genomic DNA with carcass trait information from 606 Japanese Black cattle. The S type contributed to 1.3% higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) proportion and 1.6 degrees C lower melting point in intramuscular fat. Genotyping of bovine SREBP-1 is considered to reflect a genetic variation which is associated with physiologic characteristics of fat tissue in Japanese black cattle.
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Ohsaki H, Sawa T, Sasazaki S, Kano K, Taniguchi M, Mukai F, Mannen H. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA expression during bovine adipocyte differentiation in primary culture derived from Japanese Black and Holstein cattle. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007; 148:629-34. [PMID: 17851104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Revised: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). In cattle, the MUFAs are related to softness and flavor of meat. In order to investigate gene expression profile during bovine preadipocyte differentiation, we isolated stromal-vascular cells from perirenal adipose tissues of Japanese Black and Holstein steers. Gene expression level of adipocyte type fatty acid binding protein (FABP4), SCD, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP-alpha) were elucidated by real-time PCR assay. The levels of SCD mRNA expression were significantly increased to 10.8 and 6.3-fold in Japanese Black and Holstein, respectively, on day 1 of the culture. The difference in SCD expression between the two breeds may reflect differences in the fat development characteristics of the cattle breeds. Although transcription factors SREBP1 and C/EBP-alpha are supposed to regulate SCD expression, expression levels of the two factors were not completely consistent with that of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Characterisation of intramuscular, intermuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissues in yearling bulls of different genetic groups. Meat Sci 2007; 76:682-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Aldai N, Nájera A, Martínez A, Celaya R, Osoro K. Correlation between carcass conformation and fat cover degree, and muscle fatty acid profile of yearling bulls depending on breed and mh-genotype. Livest Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2006.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Levels on Carcass Characteristics, Vitamin E Concentration of Longissimus Muscle and Lipid Oxidation in Hanwoo Steers. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2006. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2006.48.6.827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Indurain G, Beriain M, Goñi M, Arana A, Purroy A. Composition and estimation of intramuscular and subcutaneous fatty acid composition in Spanish young bulls. Meat Sci 2006; 73:326-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2005] [Revised: 12/10/2005] [Accepted: 12/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Vieira C, García M, Cerdeño A, Mantecón A. Effect of diet composition and slaughter weight on animal performance, carcass and meat quality, and fatty acid composition in veal calves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Effects of Dietary Vitamin C and E on Carcass Grade and Fatty Acid Composition of Hanwoo Steers. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2004. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2004.46.3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Siebert BD, Kruk ZA. β-carotene and oxidative desaturation of fatty acids: a plausible explanation of the conflicting responses of coronary heart disease to β-carotene? Med Hypotheses 2004; 62:950-3. [PMID: 15142655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2003.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2003] [Accepted: 11/28/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the desaturation of saturated fatty acids in animals may help explain conflicting reports of the response of coronary heart disease (CHD) to beta-carotene in humans. A negative relationship exists between desaturation and adipose beta-carotene in cattle when they consume different quantities of beta-carotene. Opposing this finding, however, is a positive relationship between desaturation and adipose beta-carotene when cattle are fed the same quantity of beta-carotene. The reason for this apparent contradiction appears to be due to differences in consumption, or variability in the metabolism of beta-carotene. Animals that efficiently metabolize beta-carotene to vitamin A have low desaturation but high antioxidant potential. These results in animals show some similarity between the consumption of the antioxidant beta-carotene and the risk of coronary heart disease where the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is believed to play a role in the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Genetic differences in carotenoid metabolism in humans, similar to those in animals, would assist in explaining differences in lipoprotein oxidation in humans and variation in the risk of coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Siebert
- Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, SA, Australia.
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Taniguchi M, Utsugi T, Oyama K, Mannen H, Kobayashi M, Tanabe Y, Ogino A, Tsuji S. Genotype of stearoyl-coA desaturase is associated with fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle. Mamm Genome 2004; 15:142-8. [PMID: 15058385 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-003-2286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the genetic factors that affect fatty acid composition of beef, we compared the full-length bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) cDNA from 20 Japanese Black steers. Two types of the SCD gene with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the ORF of SCD cDNA, in which an amino acid replacement from valine (type V) to alanine (type A) was predicted. We developed a method for genotyping these two SCD genes based on PCR-RFLP. We have classified 1003 Japanese Black carcasses into three genotypes, VV, VA, and AA, and compared fatty acid composition among them. The SCD type A gene contributed to higher MUFA percentage and lower melting point in intramuscular fat. The SCD genotype was not the only genetic factor contributing to fatty acid composition of Japanese Black steers, but the SCD genotype was considered one of the causes of genetic variation in fatty acid composition of Japanese Black steers. Transcription factors such as sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) may account for the remaining part of the genetic variation in fatty acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding & Genetics, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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48
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Differences in stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA levels between Japanese Black and Holstein cattle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2003.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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49
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Effect of Garlic Stalk Silage on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Hanwoo Steers. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2003. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2003.45.6.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Siebert BD, Pitchford WS, Kruk ZA, Kuchel H, Deland MPB, Bottema CDK. Differences in delta9 desaturase activity between Jersey- and Limousin-sired cattle. Lipids 2003; 38:539-43. [PMID: 12880110 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-003-1339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An experiment examined delta9 desaturase activity and FA composition in subcutaneous adipose tissue in two differing breeds of cattle. Jersey-sired cattle had significantly higher rates of desaturase activity than Limousin-sired cattle (1.55 vs. 0.75 nmol/mg protein/min). This difference was also demonstrated by a lower concentration of individual (e.g., 18:0) and total saturated FA (38.3 vs. 45.1 wt%), and a higher concentration of individual (e.g., 16:1) and total monounsaturated FA (58.2 vs. 52.7 wt%) in the Jersey animals. Other indices of desaturation calculated from the FA composition showed this same difference. The slip point of adipose tissue of Jersey cattle (36.8 degrees C) was significantly lower than that of Limousin cattle (39.2 degrees C), but Jersey adipose tissue had a greater content of beta-carotene. The positive relationship between adipose tissue beta-carotene and desaturation opposes the negative relationship between dietary beta-carotene and desaturation determined elsewhere. These results, however, lead to the hypothesis that some cattle have a reduced capacity to metabolize beta-carotene to various forms of vitamin A, a compound that can reduce delta9 desaturase enzyme activity. In addition, the higher level of intramuscular fat in Jersey cattle (6.97 vs. 3.82%) is possibly related to a lack of inhibition of the adipocyte differentiation genes by vitamin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Siebert
- Department of Animal Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, SA 5371, Australia.
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