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Benny AT, Thamim M, Srivastava P, Suresh S, Thirumoorthy K, Rangasamy L, S K, Easwaran N, Radhakrishnan EK. Synthesis and study of antibiofilm and antivirulence properties of flavonol analogues generated by palladium catalyzed ligand free Suzuki-Miyaura coupling against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12278-12293. [PMID: 38633488 PMCID: PMC11019961 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08617h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is one of the ubiquitous method for the carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions in organic chemistry. Its popularity is due to its ability to undergo extensive coupling reactions to generate a broad range of biaryl motifs in a straightforward manner displaying a high level of functional group tolerance. A convenient and efficient synthetic route to arylate different substituted flavonols through the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction has been explained in this study. The arylated products were acquired by the coupling of a variety of aryl boronic acids with flavonols under Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed reaction conditions in a ligand-free reaction strategy. Subsequently, the antibiofilm and antivirulence properties of the arylated flavonols against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 were studied thoroughly. The best ligands for quorum sensing proteins LasR, RhlR, and PqsR were identified using molecular docking study. These best fitting ligands were then studied for their impact on gene expression level of P. aeruginosa by RT-PCR towards quorum sensing genes lasB, rhlA, and pqsE. The downregulation in the gene expression with the effect of synthesized flavonols endorse the antibiofilm efficiency of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjitha Theres Benny
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | - Masthan Thamim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | | | - Sindoora Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | - Krishnan Thirumoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | - Loganathan Rangasamy
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | - Karthikeyan S
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore-632014 India
| | - Nalini Easwaran
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology VIT Vellore-632014 India
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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Extracts and Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Today global health problems such as increased risks of oxidative stress-related diseases and antibiotic resistance are issues of serious concern. Oxidative stress is considered to be the underlying cause of many contemporary pathological conditions such as neurological disorders, ischemia, cancer, etc. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a concerning issue in clinical practice, causing an increase in deadly infections. Bryophytes synthesize an outstanding number of secondary metabolites that have shown several potential therapeutic and nutraceutical applications. Research in the field has led to the isolation and characterization of several compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, and bibenzyls). Some of these compounds have shown promising in vitro antibacterial activities and antioxidant potential comparable to known natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. However, the process of developing new drugs from naturally occurring molecules is often an impervious path. In this paper, the current state of research of bryophytic antioxidant and antibacterial applications is discussed.
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Anjitha TB, Shanmugam P, Ethiraj KR. One‐Pot Synthesis of Flavonol Esters and Benzamides via Unusual Base Catalyzed Partial Ring‐Opening‐Esterification and Amidation of Flavonols. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ponnusamy Shanmugam
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar Chennai 600020 India
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Kassuya RM, Dos Santos E, Bosso FH, Pedroso TF, Marinho JVN, Salvador MJ, Kassuya CAL, Gasparotto Junior A. Anti-inflammatory Properties of Ethanolic Extract and 2″-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-vitexin Obtained from Alternanthera tenella Colla Whole Plant. Inflammation 2021; 44:1540-1552. [PMID: 33646486 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Six flavonoids were identified and isolated from the ethanolic extract of Alternanthera tenella Colla (Amaranthaceae) whole plant (EEAT) including 2″-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-vitexin (A19). Flavonoids have anti-inflammatory activity; however, the 2″-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-vitexin anti-inflammatory property was not totally explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ethanolic extract from A. tenella whole plant and isolated flavone C-glycoside A19 in models of inflammation. The oral administration (p.o.) of EEAT (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), A19 (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg), and prednisolone (3 mg/kg) were tested against the carrageenan-induced paw edema in Swiss mice. The EEAT (100 mg/kg, p.o.), A19 (1 mg/kg, p.o.), and prednisolone (3 mg/kg, p.o.) were tested in the zymosan-articular inflammation, carrageenan-pleurisy, and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) models in Swiss mice. In silico analysis and search for structural relationships between vitexin derivatives flavones present in the EEAT and TNF-α inhibitors were performed. EEAT, A19, and prednisolone significantly inhibited (i) edema, mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan-induced paw inflammation; (ii) leukocyte migration and protein extravasation in carrageenan-induced pleurisy; (iii) knee edema, mechanical hyperalgesia, and leukocyte migration in articular inflammation induced by zymosan. Still the CFA induced the increase in myeloperoxidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities, EEAT, A19, and prednisolone significantly inhibited these enzymes. The in silico analysis showed that molecules with similar structure to apigenin and vitexin have a potential inhibition on the TNF system. This study confirms the anti-inflammatory properties of EEAT and A19. The C-glycosylated flavone A19 could be responsible for the EEAT anti-edematogenic and anti-hyperalgesic effects and a potential TNF-α inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mikio Kassuya
- College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Dos Santos
- College of Health Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Henrique Bosso
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, PPG BV and PPG BCE, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taíse Fonseca Pedroso
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, PPG BV and PPG BCE, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jane Vasconcelos Neves Marinho
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, PPG BV and PPG BCE, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB, PPG BV and PPG BCE, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Effect of Feijoa Sellowiana Acetonic Extract on Proliferation Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) still represents a relevant health problem in the world for both incidence and mortality rates. Many studies underlined that natural products consumption could reduce GC risk, indicating flavonoids as responsible for the beneficial effects through the modulation of several biological processes, such as the inhibition of cancer antioxidant defense and induction of apoptosis. Since Feijoa sellowiana fruit is known to contain high amounts of flavonoids, among which is flavone, we evaluated the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of F. sellowiana acetonic extract on GC cell lines through MTS and Annexin-V FITC assays. Among three GC cell lines tested, SNU-1 results being sensitive to both the F. sellowiana acetonic extract and synthetic flavone, which was used as the reference treatment. Moreover, we evaluated their antioxidant effects, assessing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes supeoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in polymorphonuclear cells. We found a significant increase of their activity after exposure to both F. sellowiana acetonic extract and flavone, supporting the idea that a diet that includes flavone-rich fruits could be of benefit for health. In addition to this antioxidant effect on normal cells, this study indicates, for the first time, an anticancer effect of F. sellowiana acetonic extract in GC cells.
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Mbaoji FN, Onwuka AM, Onu S, Peter IE, Nweze JA, Okonta LE. Evaluation of Methanol-Dichloromethane Extract of Stemonocoleus micranthus Harms (Fabaceae) Stem Bark for Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:1738163. [PMID: 32454848 PMCID: PMC7229546 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1738163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stem bark decoction of Stemonocoleus micranthus Harms (Fabaceae) is most widely used traditionally as a remedy for various diseases such as malaria and boil. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of the methanol-dichloromethane extract (MDE) from the stem bark of the plant in rodents were evaluated. METHODS The carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rat, and xylene-induced ear oedema in mice were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol-dichloromethane extract of Stemonocoleus micranthus (MDESm) (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). The effects of MDESm (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, neutrophil adhesion, carbon clearance, and haematological and biochemical parameters were carried out to study its immunomodulatory activity in mice. RESULT MDESm (100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan-induced oedema by 57.1% at 5th h posttreatment compared with control. At 100 mg/kg, p.o., MDESm significantly (p < 0.05) reduced cotton pellet-induced granuloma by 39.28% and nonsignificantly reduced xylene-induced ear oedema by 34.1%. Treatment with MDESm (100 and 400 mg/kg) nonsignificantly abolished the neutropenia caused by cyclophosphamide with a percentage neutrophil reduction of 0 and -14.86%, respectively, while MDESm (200 mg/kg) and levamisole (50 mg/kg) had a nonsignificant reduction in neutrophil count (10.16 and 31.40%), respectively, all compared to the distilled water-treated group with a neutrophil count of -9.82%. MDESm at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg increased phagocytic index by 0.0447 ± 0.00762 and 0.0466 ± 0.00703, respectively, although not significantly when compared to the control group with a value of 0.0226 ± 0.02117. There was a decrease in WBC and lymphocyte counts in MDESm- (200 mg/kg) treated group, suggesting immunosuppressive potential at this dose. MDESm caused a dose-dependent decrease in ALT and core liver enzymes, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect. The acute toxicity test revealed that MDESm is safe in mice with an oral lethal dose (LD50) of >5 g/kg. CONCLUSION The methanol-dichloromethane extract of Stemonocoleus micranthus Harms possesses mild anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities which may be more pronounced upon fractionation and purification. Therefore, more investigations are needed to explore these activities further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Nwakaego Mbaoji
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Akachukwu Marytheresa Onwuka
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Onu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu Emmanuel Peter
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Justus Amuche Nweze
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Lilian Eleje Okonta
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicines, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
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Coelho PL, Amparo JA, Silva AB, Silva KC, Braga‐de‐Souza S, Barbosa PR, Lopes GPDF, Costa SL. Apigenin from
Croton betulaster Müll
restores the immune profile of microglia against glioma cells. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3191-3202. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo L.C. Coelho
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Jéssika A.O. Amparo
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Alessandra B. Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Karina C. Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Suzana Braga‐de‐Souza
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Pedro Rocha Barbosa
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Campus de Cruz das AlmasUniversidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia Cruz das Almas Bahia Brazil
| | - Giselle P. de F. Lopes
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
- Departamento de Biotecnologia MarinhaInstituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM) Arraial do Cabo RJ Brazil
- Coordenação de PesquisaInstituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Silvia L. Costa
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal da Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil
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Mosbah H, Chahdoura H, Adouni K, Kamoun J, Boujbiha MA, Gonzalez-Paramas AM, Santos-Buelga C, Ciudad-Mulero M, Morales P, Fernández-Ruiz V, Achour L, Selmi B. Nutritional properties, identification of phenolic compounds, and enzyme inhibitory activities of Feijoa sellowiana leaves. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13012. [PMID: 31385325 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The nutritional values, the identification of individual phenolic compounds as well as the functional properties (in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and pancreatic lipase inhibition) of Tunisian Feijoa sellowiana (O.Berg) leaves were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array and mass spectrometry detector. Feijoa Sellowiana leaves Extract (FSLE) were evaluated in the present work. Macronutrient components (proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, lipids, and ashes) of FSLE as well as their fatty acids and mineral content were determined. The individual phenolic composition was characterized by the presence of flavonols (mostly quercetin glycosides), flavan-3-ols (procyanidins and catechins), and phenolic acid derivatives. To understand the possible inhibition mechanism exerted by the extract components, enzyme kinetic studies using derived Lineweaver-Burk (LB) plots and Michaelis-Menten were performed. The obtained results evidenced that FSLE exhibited important AChE inhibitory effect, behaving as a noncompetitive inhibitor. Furthermore, the leaves' extract inhibited irreversibly the pancreatic lipase, with maximum inhibition (70%) achieved at 1 mg/ml. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In many countries of the world, Feijoa Sellowiana leaves are used as an alternative to tea drinks and as a folkloric medicine. Moreover, it is well known that the phytochemical compounds are a practical alternative for the prevention of many chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's and obesity. For this reason, the present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional, individual phenolic compounds, and functional properties of Feijoa Sellowiana leaves to valorize them as a food and pharmaceutical bioactive human source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Mosbah
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassiba Chahdoura
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khaoula Adouni
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jannet Kamoun
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie enzymatique des Lipases, ENIS, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Boujbiha
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ana M Gonzalez-Paramas
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Ciudad-Mulero
- Departament of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Morales
- Departament of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Departament of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Boulbaba Selmi
- Laboratoire de Recherche Bioressources: Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Verardo G, Gorassini A, Fraternale D. New triterpenic acids produced in callus culture from fruit pulp of Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret. Food Res Int 2019; 119:596-604. [PMID: 30884693 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was the study of the best conditions for obtaining a callus culture from the pulp of Acca sellowiana, and to perform a quali-quantitative analysis of the secondary metabolites yielded by the in vitro callus culture. To this end, callus was induced on both Murashige and Skoog and Gamborg B5 media containing various combinations of growth regulators. Three previously undescribed ursane-type triterpenoids, 2α,3β,6α,23-tetrahydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic acid, 2α,3β,23-trihydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic acid and 2α,3β,6β,23-tetrahydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic acid were isolated from the methanolic extract of A. sellowiana culture and characterized by 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Moreover, the quali-quantitative analysis (ESI-MSn and GC-MS) also showed the presence of β-sitosterol, phloridzin, oleanolic, ursolic, 3β-hydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic, maslinic, corosolic, 2α,3β-dihydroxy-18α,19α-urs-20-en-28-oic, and tormentic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Verardo
- Department of Agri-Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via del Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gorassini
- Department of Humanities and the Cultural Heritage, University of Udine, Vicolo Florio 2/B, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Modified Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Biologically Active Compounds from Feijoa Sellowiana Leaves. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2018-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
For the first time, the modified supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (MSCE) of biologically active compounds from Feijoa sellowiana leaves was investigated. Total yield (TY) and bioactivity of biocompounds in terms of DPPH• (%DPPHsc) and HO• (%HOsc) radicals scavenging were maximized via multivariate optimization. The optimized conditions were the pressure of 272.34 bar, supercritical carbon dioxide flow rate of 1.58 mL min−1, temperature of 52.48 °C, and dynamic extraction time of 110.62 min. The predicted values of the TY, %DPPHsc, and %HOsc were 81.12 mg g−1, 85.16 %, and 75.66 %, respectively. The chromatographic analysis demonstrated gallic acid as the main biophenolic (136.20 ± 0.16 mg g−1). The scanning electron microscopy images showed dramatic disruption of cells treated with MSCE. A comprehensive comparison was made between current findings and other techniques (conventional and ultrasonic waves assisted extraction). More TY was achieved using conventional method but the bioactivity of MSCE products was considerably better.
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Zhang L, Wang Q, Zhang S, Yin Y, Du X, Han Z. Anti-tumor and Immunomodulatory Effect of Flavonoid Extracts from Patrinia heterophylla on Cervical Carcinoma Bearing Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patrinia heterophylla Bunge, a traditional Chinese herb, has long been used for therapy of many kinds of diseases, including cancer. Its extract or pure compound has displayed anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells as well. However, the underlying mechanism(s) by which P. heterophylla Bunge exhibited anti-tumor activity in vivo remains to be further elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of total flavonoid from P. heterophylla Bunge, named as PHBF, on mice bearing cervical cancer. As a result, the oral administration of PHBF (250 and 500 mg/kg BW) had significant inhibitory effect on tumor volume and weight. In addition, PHBF treatment increased thymus index of tumor-bearing mice in a dose-dependent manner ( P<0.01). Further analysis revealed that cervical cancer cell from tumor-bearing mice treated with PHBF underwent significant apoptosis, which was accompanied by the decrease of PCNA and Bcl-2 expression and increase of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 expression. Interestingly, PHBF treatment also induced more CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, we observed that the serum level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was significant higher in mice treated with PHBF than those of control group, implicating that PHBF could function as an immunomodulatory agent. Taken together, these data suggested that PHBF harbored anti-tumor properties against cervical cancer and up-regulated immune response, therefore paving a path to develop as a potential therapeutic and preventive agent for cervical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lansheng Zhang
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingbao Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - ShiQiang Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Yin
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuping Du
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengxiang Han
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical School, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Phylogenomic relationship of feijoa (Acca sellowiana (O.Berg) Burret) with other Myrtaceae based on complete chloroplast genome sequences. Genetica 2017; 145:163-174. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-017-9954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Ugbaja CC, Fawibe OO, Oyelakin AS, Fadimu IO, Ajiboye AA, Agboola DA. Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Composition of <i>Trichosanthes cucumerina</i> (L.) and Some<i> Solanum lycopersicum </i>(L.) Cultivars in Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2017.82021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Turco F, Palumbo I, Andreozzi P, Sarnelli G, De Ruberto F, Esposito G, Basile A, Cuomo R. Acetonic Extract from theFeijoa sellowianaBerg. Fruit Exerts Antioxidant Properties and Modulates Disaccharidases Activities in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1308-15. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Turco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Ilaria Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Paolo Andreozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘Vittorio Erspamer’; La Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Rosario Cuomo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University of Naples; Naples Italy
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Lustosa AKM, Arcanjo DD, Ribeiro RG, Rodrigues KAF, Passos FFB, Piauilino CA, Silva-Filho JC, Araújo BQ, Lima-Neto JS, Costa-Júnior JS, Carvalho FAA, Citó AMDGL. Immunomodulatory and toxicological evaluation of the fruit seeds from Platonia insignis, a native species from Brazilian Amazon Rainforest. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Elaloui M, Laamouri A, Fabre J, Mathieu C, Vilarem G, Hasnaoui B. Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars ofZiziphus jujubapulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:94-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.959011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Monforte MT, Fimiani V, Lanuzza F, Naccari C, Restuccia S, Galati EM. Feijoa sellowiana Berg Fruit Juice: Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Activity on Superoxide Anion Generation. J Med Food 2014; 17:455-61. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria T. Monforte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products (SCIFAR), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fimiani
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Microbiology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Lanuzza
- Department of Economics, Business, Environmental, and Quantitative Methodologies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Clara Naccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products (SCIFAR), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Prof. Antonio Imbesi Foundation, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Restuccia
- Sicily Regional Department of Agriculture and Food Resources, Spadafora, Messina, Italy
| | - Enza M. Galati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products (SCIFAR), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Gurung RB, Kim EH, Oh TJ, Sohng JK. Enzymatic synthesis of apigenin glucosides by glucosyltransferase (YjiC) from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13. Mol Cells 2013; 36:355-61. [PMID: 24170092 PMCID: PMC3887987 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apigenin, a member of the flavone subclass of flavonoids, has long been considered to have various biological activities. Its glucosides, in particular, have been reported to have higher water solubility, increased chemical stability, and enhanced biological activities. Here, the synthesis of apigenin glucosides by the in vitro glucosylation reaction was successfully performed using a UDP-glucosyltransferase YjiC, from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13. The glucosylation has been confirmed at the phenolic groups of C-4' and C-7 positions ensuing apigenin 4'-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-glucoside and apigenin 4',7-O-diglucoside as the products leaving the C-5 position unglucosylated. The position of glucosylation and the chemical structures of glucosides were elucidated by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The parameters such as pH, UDP glucose concentration and time of incubation were also analyzed during this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rit Bahadur Gurung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
| | | | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Sun Moon University, Asan 336-708, Korea
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Nascimento LBS, Leal-Costa MV, Coutinho MAS, Moreira NDS, Lage CLS, Barbi NDS, Costa SS, Tavares ES. Increased antioxidant activity and changes in phenolic profile of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lamarck) Persoon (Crassulaceae) specimens grown under supplemental blue light. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 89:391-9. [PMID: 23057576 DOI: 10.1111/php.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant compounds protect plants against oxidative stress caused by environmental conditions. Different light qualities, such as UV-A radiation and blue light, have shown positive effects on the production of phenols in plants. Kalanchoe pinnata (Lamarck) Persoon (Crassulaceae) is used for treating wounds and inflammations. Some of these beneficial effects are attributed to the antioxidant activity of plant components. We investigated the effects of blue light and UV-A radiation supplementation on the total phenol content, antioxidant activity and chromatographic profile of aqueous extracts from leaves of K. pinnata. Monoclonal plants were grown under white light, white plus blue light and white plus UV-A radiation. Supplemental blue light improved the antioxidant activity and changed the phenolic profile of the extracts. Analysis by HPLC of supplemental blue-light plant extracts revealed a higher proportion of the major flavonoid quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1→2) α-L-rhamnopyranoside, as well as the presence of a wide variety of other phenolic substances. These findings may explain the higher antioxidant activity observed for this extract. Blue light is proposed as a supplemental light source in the cultivation of K. pinnata, to improve its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana B S Nascimento
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Çetinkaya O, Duru ME, Çiçek H. Synthese and characterization of boronic acid functionalized macroporous uniform poly(4-chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) particles and its use in the isolation of antioxidant compounds from plant extracts. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 909:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sun-Waterhouse D, Wang W, Waterhouse GIN, Wadhwa SS. Utilisation Potential of Feijoa Fruit Wastes as Ingredients for Functional Foods. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Integration of botanicals and microbials for management of crop and human pests. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:313-25. [PMID: 23052771 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insect pests inflict damage to humans, farm animals, and crops. Human and animal pests put more than 100 million people and 80 million cattle at risk worldwide. Plant pests are the main reason for destroying one fifth of the world's total crop production annually. Anopheles stephensi is the major vector of human malaria in Middle East and South Asian regions. Spodoptera litura is a polyphagous pest of vegetables and field crops. Because of its broad host range, this insect is also known as cluster caterpillar, common cutworm, cotton leafworm, tobacco cutworm, tobacco caterpillar, and tropical armyworm. The toxic effects of methanolic extract of Senna alata and microbial insecticide, Bacillus sphericus, were tested against the polyphagous crop pest, S. litura (Fab.), and the malarial vector, A. stephensi. Results from the present study states that B. sphericus is more toxic than S. alata to both the crop pest and mosquito. The malarial vector, A. stephensi, was found to be susceptible than the crop pest, S. litura. Both the botanical and microbial insecticide showed excellent larvicidal, pupicidal, longevity, fecundity, and growth regulatory activities. Median lethal concentrations of B. sphericus and methanolic extract of S. alata observed to kill the third instar of S. litura were 0.52 and 193.09 ppm and A. stephensi were 0.40 and 174.64 ppm, respectively.
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Keles H, Ince S, Küçükkurt I, Tatli II, Akkol EK, Kahraman C, Demirel HH. The effects of Feijoa sellowiana fruits on the antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation, and tissue morphology in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:318-325. [PMID: 22133107 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.608074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The fruits of Feijoa sellowiana Berg. (Myrtaceae) have been used to treat goiter in traditional Turkish medicine. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vivo antioxidant activities of different polarities of the fruit extracts in blood and tissue (liver, kidney, brain, and heart) antioxidant defense systems in standard pellet diet and in high fat diet consumed, male rats were assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts (methanol, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous) were administered orally to male rats at 50 mg/kg doses daily for 4 weeks. The blood and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, plasma nitrate (NO(x)) level, total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine, cholesterol, triglyceride, protein, and glucose levels were determined, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; plasma antioxidant activity (AOA) were experimentally studied. RESULTS Blood MDA level (7.81 ± 0.4) was significantly decreased; GSH level (29.65 ± 1.21) and AOA (1.52 ± 0.08) were increased in ethyl acetate extract as compared with control and the other extracts. In addition, all the extracts decreased MDA levels and increased GSH levels (except brain tissue homogenate) in the tissue homogenates. Erythrocyte SOD and CAT activity levels were unchanged in F. sellowiana extracts. However, the extracts had no effect on plasma NO(x). In the histopathological examinations, any changes or damage in the vital organs were seen in animals. CONCLUSION The experimental data demonstrated that F. sellowiana extracts displayed remarkable antioxidant activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in rats; furthermore, no histopathological changes or damage have been observed in the vital organs of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Keles
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Arshad N, Janjua NK, Khan AY, Yaqub A, Burkholz T, Jacob C. Natural Flavonoids Interact with Dinitrobenzene System in Aprotic Media: An Electrochemical Probing. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three structurally related natural flavonoids (FlOH), quercetin (Q), rutin (R) and morin (M), were investigated by cyclic voltammetry to probe their interactions with hazardous 1,4-dinitrobenzene (1,4-DNB) using a glassy carbon electrode. Scavenging of 1,4-DNB by FlOH was inferred from a positive shift in reduction potential, decrease in anodic peak current, and irreversible electrochemical behavior of 1,4-DNB on increasing the flavonoid concentration. The homogeneous bi-molecular rate constant (k2) was determined using the Nicholson-Shain equation and found to be higher for the dianion. Morin posed a comparatively higher k2 value for its interaction with the 1,4-DNB electrochemical system owing to its more acidic nature and least intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The cyclic voltammetric (CV) results were further supported by HyperchemPM3 quantum mechanical semi-empirical calculations, which point towards ErCi interactions between flavonoids and 1,4-DNB. The present investigation is biologically significant in terms of natural flavonoidal scavenging activity toward toxins such as dinitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed K. Janjua
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Athar Y. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, F C College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azra Yaqub
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Torsten Burkholz
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1., D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1., D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
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CZE/PAD and HPLC-UV/PAD Profile of Flavonoids from Maytenus aquifolium and Maytenus ilicifolia “espinheira santa” Leaves Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/691509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the application of HPLC and CZE to analyze flavonoids in the leaves of Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus aquifolium, which are species widely used in Brazilian folk medicine. The two species showed different flavonoid profiles, but acidic hydrolysis of the Maytenus extracts confirmed that all these compounds are quercetin or kaempferol derivatives. A comparison of the CZE and HPLC profiles of Maytenus extracts showed numerous flavonoid peaks using HPLC. However, the advantages of CZE such as analysis without requiring clean-up and less generation of chemical waste than with HPLC point to the potential of the CZE technique for the quality control (routine analysis) of “espinheira santa” phytopharmaceuticals.
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Qiu J, Saito N, Noguchi M, Fukui K, Yoshiyama K, Matsugano K, Terehara N, Matsui T. Absorption of 6-O-caffeoylsophorose and its metabolites in Sprague-Dawley rats detected by electrochemical detector-high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry methods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:6299-6304. [PMID: 21534624 DOI: 10.1021/jf200764d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Absorption and metabolism of a natural compound, 6-O-caffeoylsophorose (CS) from acylated anthocyanins in a red vinegar fermented with purple sweet potato, were clarified. The absorption of CS and conjugated CS in blood from orally administrated Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 400 mg/kg was investigated by electrochemical detection-high performance liquid chromatography. As a result, CS was successfully detected in rat plasma (AUC(0-6h), 108.6 ± 8.1 nmol h/mL) and was found to be an intact absorbable polyphenol. In addition, half of the absorbed CS was detected as its conjugates (AUC(0-6h), 50.7 ± 5.7 nmol h/mL) as well as caffeic and ferulic acids from CS. By a time-of-flight-mass spectrometric analysis of CS-administered plasma sample, glucuronide and methylated conjugates of CS were identified, in addition to glucuronide, methylated, or sulfate conjugates of caffeic and ferulic acids. Consequently, CS was absorbed in intact form into rat blood and partly degraded to caffeic and ferulic acids or metabolized by glucuronidation, methylation, or sulfatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Qiu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Division of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduated School of Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Kavitha SK, Viji V, Kripa K, Helen A. Protective effect of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. on carrageenan-induced inflammation. J Nat Med 2011; 65:471-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sun-Waterhouse D. The development of fruit-based functional foods targeting the health and wellness market: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02499.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Madeira PJA, Borges CM, Florêncio MH. Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric and semi-empirical calculations study of five isoflavone aglycones. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:3432-3440. [PMID: 21072799 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Five isoflavones, daidzein, genistein, formononetin, prunetin and biochanin A, known for their biological properties, are investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode. The most probable protonation sites are determined taking into account semi-empirical calculations using the PM6 Hamiltonian. Fragmentation mechanisms are proposed based on accurate mass measurements, MS(3) experiments and supported by the semi-empirical calculations. Some of the fragmentation pathways were found to be dependent on the substitution pattern of the B-ring and the ions afforded by these fragmentations can be considered as diagnostic. It was possible to distinguish between prunetin and biochanin A, two isobaric isoflavone aglycones included in this study. Furthermore, a comparison of the fragmentation patterns of genistein and biochanin A, two isoflavones, with those of their flavone counterparts, apigenin and acacetin, enabled us to identify some key ions mainly due to structural features, allowing distinction to be made between these two classes of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo J Amorim Madeira
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica/Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749 016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Nayak BS, Ramdath DD, Marshall JR, Isitor GN, Eversley M, Xue S, Shi J. Wound-healing activity of the skin of the common grape (Vitis Vinifera) variant, Cabernet Sauvignon. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1151-7. [PMID: 20066659 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The common Grape L. (Vitaceae) is regarded as an important medicinal plant. European healers have suggested the use of grapevine sap, juice, and whole grape in the treatment of pain, allergic reactions, inflammation, and to promote wound healing. We evaluated grape-skin powder for its wound-healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. Animals were randomly divided into three groups of six (n = 6) each. The test group animals were treated topically with the grape-skin powder (100 mg/kg/day). The controls and standard group animals were treated with petroleum jelly and mupirocin ointment respectively. Healing was assessed by the rate of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, and hydroxyproline content. On day 13, treatment of the wounds with grape-skin powder enhanced significantly the rate of wound contraction (100 %). Treated animals showed significant decrease in the epithelialization period (p < 0.000) and increase in the hydroxyproline content (p < 0.05) when compared to control and the standard. Histological analysis was also consistent with the proposal that grape-skin powder exhibits significant wound-healing potential. Increased rate of wound contraction, hydroxyproline content, and decrease in epithelialization time in the treated animals support the use of grape-skin powder in the management of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shivananda Nayak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
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The role of seasonality on the inhibitory effect of Brazilian green propolis on the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils. Fitoterapia 2010; 81:1102-8. [PMID: 20637843 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by neutrophils are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, for which the intake of antioxidants could benefit patients either as a prophylactic or therapeutic treatment. Propolis is among the known antioxidants, and its chemical composition may vary under the influence of seasonality, which may interfere in its biological properties. This work evaluates the role of seasonality on the production of some important compounds of propolis samples produced monthly from November 2001 through October 2002 as well as the effect of these samples on the oxidative metabolism of stimulated neutrophils, by using both luminol and lucigenin to produce chemiluminescence (CLlum and CLluc, respectively). The cytotoxicity of the most active extracts to neutrophils was also investigated. The inhibitory effect of the propolis samples varied significantly during the studied period for both assays (3.4 ± 1.1 to 16.0 ± 1.1 μg/mL for CLlum and 6.2 ± 2.0 to 30.0 ± 5.0 μg/mL for CLluc), which was also observed in the quantitative profile of the main analyzed compounds (aromadendrin-4'-methyl ether, artepillin C, and baccharin). This effect started to become more prominent during the fall and, among all the studied extracts, the one obtained in May displayed the highest inhibitory effect on CL production (3.4 ± 1.1 μg/mL for CLlum and 6.2 ± 2.0 μg/mL for CLluc). The HPLC qualitative profiles of the extracts of propolis samples were quite similar, but there was a huge variation in terms of quantitative profile. It seems that aromadendrin-4'-methyl ether and baccharin play an essential role in the antioxidant activity, while artepillin C is not very important for this effect. The extracts presenting the highest antioxidant activity were produced in May, June, and August, and they did not display cytotoxicity at 25 μg/mL; quercetin, used as control, was not toxic to neutrophils at 8.5 μg/mL.
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Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Acetonic Extract ofFeijoa sellowianaFruits and Its Effect onHelicobacter pyloriGrowth. J Med Food 2010; 13:189-95. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kang YJ, Min HY, Hong JY, Kim YS, Kang SS, Lee SK. Ochnaflavone, a Natural Biflavonoid, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in HCT-15 Human Colon Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2009. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2009.17.3.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Biella CDA, Salvador MJ, Dias DA, Dias-Baruffi M, Pereira-Crott LS. Evaluation of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and phytochemical screening of Alternanthera tenella Colla (Amaranthaceae) aqueous extracts. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103:569-77. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Shetty S, Udupa S, Udupa L. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Wound Healing Effects of Alcoholic and Aqueous Extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2008; 5:95-101. [PMID: 18317555 PMCID: PMC2249741 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in impaired wound healing. Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum), a plant widely used in Ayurveda, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present study was undertaken to assess the potential of alcoholic and aqueous extracts in wound healing in Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 is normal wounded control and the other four groups were treated with two different doses each of alcoholic and aqueous extract of O. sanctum. The wound healing parameters were evaluated by using incision, excision and dead space wounds in extract-treated rats and controls. Both the doses of alcoholic and aqueous extract significantly increased wound breaking strength, hydroxyproline, hexuronic acid, hexosamines, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and significantly decreased percentage of wound contraction and lipid peroxidation when compared with the control group. The results suggest that O. sanctum has antioxidant properties, which may be responsible and favorable for faster wound healing and this plant extract may be useful in the management of abnormal healing and hypertropic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somashekar Shetty
- Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Department of Biochemistry, KMC International Centre and Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Saraswati Udupa
- Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Department of Biochemistry, KMC International Centre and Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Laxminarayana Udupa
- Department of Biochemistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Department of Biochemistry, KMC International Centre and Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 576104, India
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Sun Y, Fang N, Chen DD, Donkor KK. Determination of potentially anti-carcinogenic flavonoids in wines by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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El-Shebini SM, . STT, . LMH, . LAG, . HIM. Effects of High Vegetables Consumption on Inflammatory and Immune Functions in Human Obesity. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2007.1268.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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de Souza RFV, De Giovani WF. Synthesis, spectral and electrochemical properties of Al(III) and Zn(II) complexes with flavonoids. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 61:1985-90. [PMID: 15911381 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2004] [Accepted: 07/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, electrochemical and spectral (UV-vis, 1H NMR, IR, fluorescence) properties as well as thermal behaviors of Al(III) and Zn(II) complexes with the flavonoids quercetin (H2L(1)), rutin (H2L(2)) and galangin (HL(3)) are presented. The complexes may be formulated as [Al2(L(1))(H2O)8]Cl4, [Al3(L(2))2(H2O)12]Cl5, [Al(L(3))(H2O)4]Cl2, [Zn2(L(1))(H2O)4]Cl2, [Zn3(L(2))2(H2O)6]Cl2 and [Zn(L(3))(H2O)2]Cl. The higher fluorescence intensities of the complexes related to the free flavonoids, are attributed to the coordination of the ligands to the small, highly charged Al(III) and Zn(II) ions. The coordination effectively increases the rigidity of the ligand structure and increases the fluorescence quantum yield by reducing the probability of non-radiative energy dissipation process. Antioxidant activities of the compounds were also investigated under an electrochemical point of view. The cyclic voltammetric data show a considerable decrease of the oxidation potentials of the complexes related to that of the free flavonoids. Thus, the flavonoid-metal complexes are more effective antioxidants than the free flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens F V de Souza
- Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
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MANABE M, ISOBE Y. Suppressing Effects of Feijoa sellowiana Berg (Feijoa) on Cytokine Secretion by Intestinal Epithelium. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2005. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.11.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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