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Paudel S, Poudel SK, Shah R, Regmi S, Zoowa R. Dandy Walker variant with agenesis of corpus callosum diagnosed late prenatally by foetal ultrasound: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2301-2304. [PMID: 38576980 PMCID: PMC10990358 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Dandy Walker variant is an intracranial disorder involving variable hypoplasia of cerebellar vermis without posterior fossa enlargement. An anomaly scan performed at mid second trimester has good sensitivity and specificity for detecting foetal congenital anomalies. Despite that, some cases like the authors' might go undiagnosed due to normal biometric parameters for that gestational age and may be detected later in intrauterine life. Case presentation A primi-gravid mother underwent sonographic evaluation at 20+4 weeks of gestation that revealed all foetal parameters within normal limits. Only at 31+2 weeks of gestation, a posterior fossa cyst communicating with forth ventricle was detected. Foetal MRI done at 8 days of life (DOL), confirmed these findings and diagnosis of Dandy Walker variant with agenesis of corpus callosum was made. Clinical discussion Although the chances of a CNS anomaly is exceedingly low when foetal metrics like head circumference, atrial width and Cisterna Magna are within normal limits, some cases like the authors' may develop anomalies later in the intrauterine life which may lead to delayed diagnosis of the cases. Thorough performance of anomaly scan involving a multiplanar approach may help in prompt diagnosis of foetal anomalies. Conclusion The risks of development of posterior fossa anomalies can exist even after second trimester scan, Clinicians should be aware of this possibility and assess the posterior fossa at repeat scans done later in intrauterine life. Early diagnosis can provide an option to couples of the termination of pregnancy which is complicated when detected later in the intrauterine life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shree Krishna Poudel
- College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Moudaffar S, Arraji M, Aabbassi B, Adali I, Manoudi F. Speech and Language Delays Associated With New-Onset Seizures Revealing Dandy-Walker Variant. Cureus 2024; 16:e52802. [PMID: 38264175 PMCID: PMC10805175 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dandy-Walker malformation or syndrome is a rare congenital deformity in which the cerebellar vermis is hypoplastic and upwardly rotated, the fourth ventricle enlarged, and the posterior fossa cystically dilated. It represents the most common type of posterior fossa malformations that are usually diagnosed before the age of one year old. We present a seven-year-old boy with a history of neonatal hypotonia and delayed walking, who presented with speech and language difficulties. His physical examination and cognitive tests were unremarkable. The patient's brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a partial defect of the inferior part of the cerebellar vermis and communication between a normal-sized cisterna magna and the fourth ventricle. There were no other coexisting central nervous system or systemic anomalies. This isolated inferior vermian hypoplasia was compatible with an uncommon variant of the Dandy-Walker syndrome. The aim of this report is to provide insight into the importance of implementing a pediatrician-psychiatrist collaboration in the clinical decision-making process of such developmental delay cases. What makes the present case further interesting are the new-onset unprovoked seizures that developed and recurred in the setting of such isolated and less severe posterior fossa anomaly, raising both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moudaffar
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ibn Nafis Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, MAR
| | - Mohssine Arraji
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ibn Nafis Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, MAR
| | - Bouchra Aabbassi
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ibn Nafis Hospital, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, MAR
- Child, Health and Development Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marrakesh, MAR
| | - Iman Adali
- Psychiatric Department, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, MAR
| | - Fatiha Manoudi
- Psychiatric Department, University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, MAR
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Samman RS, Gomaa MK, Sheikh BY. Dandy-Walker malformation associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 114:109148. [PMID: 38113564 PMCID: PMC10767204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dandy-Walker malformation is a rare congenital brain defect characterized by vermian agenesia with cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and posterior fossa enlargement. The etiology is still poorly understood but is presupposed to be multifactorial, infrequently caused by intracranial hemorrhage. We describe a case of male newborn known to have Dandy-Walker malformation associated with subarachnoid bleeding after the delivery, which is a quiet rare presentation only discussed in a few literatures before. CASE PRESENTATION We present a rare case of a full-term male baby delivered vaginally, who was diagnosed with Dandy-Walker malformation during antenatal anomaly scan. At birth, the baby presented with a weak cry, cyanosis, respiratory distress and seizure. Post-delivery computed tomography scan revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage. In addition, a hydrocephalus was noted on the imaging and treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion with marked improvement of the posterior fossa cyst and the hydrocephalus as an outcome of early intervention. DISCUSSION Few literature studies showed an association between intracranial bleeding during early fetal life and the development of Dandy-Walker malformation as it affects the posterior fossa components growth. However, our case highlights on an unusual presentation of the spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage after the delivery in a full-term baby diagnosed with Dandy-Walker malformation earlier. CONCLUSION This report highlights the importance of early recognition and implementing appropriate management of the hydrocephalus that associated with intracerebral bleeding to prevent the complications of high intracranial pressure plus brainstem herniation and achieve the best possible outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan S Samman
- College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K Gomaa
- Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Almadinah Almunawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Y Sheikh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Almadinah Almunawara, Saudi Arabia.
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I Kh Almadhoun MK, Hattab AW, Alazzeh NN, Aladwan ST, Ta'amneh O. Diagnosis and Treatment of Dandy-Walker Syndrome With Two Types of Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunts: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e46564. [PMID: 37933337 PMCID: PMC10625663 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dandy-Walker Syndrome (DWS) is a rare congenital neurological condition characterized by cerebellar and posterior fossa malformations, often presenting a variable clinical spectrum. Common complications include hydrocephalus, necessitating interventions like ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts, and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). We describe the case of a five-month-old infant conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF), initially presenting with cold-like symptoms, later diagnosed with DWS. The patient underwent VP shunt placement for hydrocephalus management, with subsequent complications requiring shunt revisions and ETV. Vigilant monitoring and timely interventions were crucial for a favorable outcome, highlighting the challenges in diagnosing and managing DWS and the importance of tailored treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Osamah Ta'amneh
- General Practice, National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetic Diseases, Irbid, JOR
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A rare association of Down syndrome with Dandy –Walker variant, pulmonary hypertension and childhood interstitial lung disease: A case report of a prognostic dilemma. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 17:950-953. [PMID: 36212578 PMCID: PMC9519608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Alsalamah RK, Alenezi MM, Alsaab F. Dandy-Walker syndrome with bilateral choanal atresia: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 90:106702. [PMID: 34953427 PMCID: PMC8715065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dandy-Walker syndrome is a rare congenital brain malformation characterized by cerebellar vermis agenesis or hypoplasia, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle and a large posterior fossa causing upward displacement of tentorium and torcula. In this paper, we present a case of bilateral choanal atresia with Dandy-Walker Syndrome in a female newborn. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a female patient who was born at 38th weeks of gestation via emergency cesarean section due to non-reassuring cardiotocography and abnormal antenatal ultrasounds findings. The imaging revealed the presence of Dandy-walker malformation. The patient presented with cyanosis and respiratory distress. Bedside flexible nasoendoscopy revealed bilateral choanal atresia which is confirmed by computed tomography of sinuses. Endoscopic bilateral choanal atresia repair was performed. On postoperative follow up, nasal endoscopy showed bilateral intact flap and patent neochoana. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Dandy-Walker syndrome is a congenital disorder that can be diagnosed prenatally. The syndrome is associated with multiple anomalies. However, there are few published reports of bilateral choanal atresia in Dandy-Walker Syndrome. Bilateral choanal atresia is considered a life-threatening condition in newborns that requires early surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad K Alsalamah
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mazyad M Alenezi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsaab
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Charan GS, Narang GS, Kaur A, Kaur E. Dandy-Walker Variant Associated with Bilateral Congenital Cataract. Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2021; 11:277-279. [PMID: 34912695 PMCID: PMC8633702 DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_343_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dandy-Walker Syndrome (D-WS) is a rare disorder with an incidence of 1%–2% of all central nervous system anomalies. The diagnosis can be challenging, especially in the prenatal period. Here, we present an extremely rare case of D-WS associated with bilateral congenital cataracts. A 36 weeks and 6 days old male baby presented with a Dandy-Walker variant associated with bilateral congenital cataract. Ophthalmological examination revealed microphthalmos and congenital cataracts present in both eyes with sclerocornea, iris coloboma, and zone 3 retinopathy of prematurity involving only the right eye. However, the right eye was salvageable. Skull transillumination was negative with no cranial bruit. He was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with breathing difficulties, maintained SpO2 with oxygen through prongs, and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure for 7 days. He had two episodes of hypoglycemia with hypothermia. There was no significant finding in sepsis evaluation. The abdominal ultrasonography was normal. Echocardiogram was suggestive of patent foramen ovale. Mother's torch panel tested positive for cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G antibodies. Magnetic resonance imaging brain suggested variant D-WS with dilation of cerebellar fossa and occipital lateral ventricle horn and lack of usual corpus callus structure. Intravenous antibiotics cefotaxime and amikacin were administered along with fluid supplementation. He was shifted to mother feed. The neonate was referred to the pediatric surgery department for further management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arshpuneet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, SGRDIMSR, SGRDUHS, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Ekamjot Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, SGRDIMSR, SGRDUHS, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Gama Marques J. Twenty years of misdiagnosis of schizophrenia in a patient with Dandy-Walker variant syndrome. Gen Psychiatr 2019; 32:e100031. [PMID: 30815635 PMCID: PMC6362872 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2018-100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various case reports of patients with Dandy-Walker variant syndrome mimicking schizophrenia have been published in the last 20 years, suggesting that this neurodevelopment disorder should be part of the differential diagnosis for every patient with a first episode of psychosis. In this report, it is presented that a patient who was diagnosed and treated as a paranoid schizophrenic for 20 years and had four bone fractures secondary to ataxic gait impairment, before performing a neuroimaging examination that revealed Dandy-Walker variant syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Gama Marques
- Hospital Júlio de Matos, Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa; Clínica Universitária de Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Dandy-Walker Syndrome: A Review of New Diagnosis and Management in Children. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jpr.63486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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John JS, Vanitha R. Moebius syndrome with Dandy-Walker variant and agenesis of corpus callosum. J Pediatr Neurosci 2014; 8:210-2. [PMID: 24470815 PMCID: PMC3888038 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1745.123668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital neurological disorder. The most frequent mode of presentation is facial diplegia with bilateral lateral rectus palsy, but there are variations. Here, we report a rare case of Moebius syndrome in a 15-month-old child with unilateral facial palsy, bilateral abducens nerve palsy with Dandy Walker variant, and complete agenesis of corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jomol Sara John
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Puducherry, India
| | - R Vanitha
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Puducherry, India
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Tadakamadla J, Kumar S, Mamatha GP. Dandy-Walker malformation: An incidental finding. INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2011; 16:33-5. [PMID: 20838490 PMCID: PMC2927792 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.64936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Dandy–Walker malformation (DWM) is a rare intracranial congenital abnormality that affects the cerebellum and some of its components; particularly cerebellar vermis, fourth ventricle and is characterized by an enlarged posterior fossa. Although there is an extensive list of signs attributed to DWM, final diagnosis is solely dependent on imaging techniques as there are no signs that are characteristic of DWM. This article reports a case with DWM who was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Tadakamadla
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur-313 001, Rajasthan, India
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