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Luo Y, Payne M, Kaur S, Octavia S, Jiang J, Lan R. Emergence and genomic insights of non-pandemic O1 Vibrio cholerae in Zhejiang, China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0261523. [PMID: 37819129 PMCID: PMC10871787 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02615-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It is well recognized that only Vibrio cholerae O1 causes cholera pandemics. However, not all O1 strains cause pandemic-level disease. In this study, we analyzed non-pandemic O1 V. cholerae isolates from the 1960s to the 1990s from China and found that they fell into three lineages, one of which shared the most recent common ancestor with pandemic O1 strains. Each of these non-pandemic O1 lineages has unique properties that contribute to their capacity to cause cholera. The findings of this study enhanced our understanding of the emergence and evolution of both pandemic and non-pandemic O1 V. cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luo
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Payne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sophie Octavia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jianmin Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Lab of Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Xu Q, Göhler AK, Kosfeld A, Carlton D, Chiu HJ, Klock HE, Knuth MW, Miller MD, Elsliger MA, Deacon AM, Godzik A, Lesley SA, Jahreis K, Wilson IA. The structure of Mlc titration factor A (MtfA/YeeI) reveals a prototypical zinc metallopeptidase related to anthrax lethal factor. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:2987-99. [PMID: 22467785 PMCID: PMC3370624 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00038-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MtfA of Escherichia coli (formerly YeeI) was previously identified as a regulator of the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent:glucose phosphotransferase system. MtfA homolog proteins are highly conserved, especially among beta- and gammaproteobacteria. We determined the crystal structures of the full-length MtfA apoenzyme from Klebsiella pneumoniae and its complex with zinc (holoenzyme) at 2.2 and 1.95 Å, respectively. MtfA contains a conserved H(149)E(150)XXH(153)+E(212)+Y(205) metallopeptidase motif. The presence of zinc in the active site induces significant conformational changes in the region around Tyr205 compared to the conformation of the apoenzyme. Additionally, the zinc-bound MtfA structure is in a self-inhibitory conformation where a region that was disordered in the unliganded structure is now observed in the active site and a nonproductive state of the enzyme is formed. MtfA is related to the catalytic domain of the anthrax lethal factor and the Mop protein involved in the virulence of Vibrio cholerae, with conservation in both overall structure and in the residues around the active site. These results clearly provide support for MtfA as a prototypical zinc metallopeptidase (gluzincin clan).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Xu
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | | | - Anne Kosfeld
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Dennis Carlton
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ju Chiu
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Heath E. Klock
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Protein Sciences Department, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mark W. Knuth
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Protein Sciences Department, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mitchell D. Miller
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Marc-André Elsliger
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ashley M. Deacon
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Adam Godzik
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Program on Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Scott A. Lesley
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Protein Sciences Department, Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Knut Jahreis
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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Silva AJ, Benitez JA. A Vibrio cholerae relaxed (relA) mutant expresses major virulence factors, exhibits biofilm formation and motility, and colonizes the suckling mouse intestine. J Bacteriol 2006; 188:794-800. [PMID: 16385069 PMCID: PMC1347285 DOI: 10.1128/jb.188.2.794-800.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have constructed a relaxed mutant of El Tor biotype Vibrio cholerae strain C7258 by disruption of the RelA catalytic domain. The ability of the V. cholerae relaxed mutant to biosynthesize guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate was severely affected; the mutant showed a reduced growth rate in minimal medium that could be reversed by the addition of Casamino Acids, and it was thermosensitive. Contrary to published findings, the new relA mutant still produced significant cholera toxin and toxin-coregulated pilus. The V. cholerae relA mutant was motile, produced normal biofilms, and colonized the suckling mouse intestine. Our data suggest that levels of basal guanosine nucleotides pppGpp and ppGpp, rather than the availability of a stringent response, could influence expression of virulence factors, depending on strain and culture conditions. Production of hemagglutinin (HA)/protease, which requires HapR, RpoS, and the cyclic AMP receptor protein, was not strongly affected. Nevertheless, overexpression of RelA protein from an isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside-inducible promoter posttranscriptionally diminished production of HA/protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisia J Silva
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, 720 Westview Dr., SW, Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA
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Xie ZY, Hu CQ, Chen C, Zhang LP, Ren CH. Investigation of seven Vibrio virulence genes among Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from the coastal mariculture systems in Guangdong, China. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 41:202-7. [PMID: 16033522 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the distribution of the virulence of two Vibrio species among different strains obtained from the mariculture systems on the coast of Guangdong in China and the correlation between the virulence strains and the virulence genes among Vibrio alginolyticus. METHODS Besides three strains, 72 V. alginolyticus strains and seven Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains were examined by PCR or semi-nested PCR for the virulence genes (tlh, trh, tdh, toxR, toxRS, ctxA, VPI). Additionally, the virulence of 18 V. alginolyticus strains was tested. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Virulence genes homologous to those in the V. parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae are widely distributed among V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus in the coastal mariculture systems in Guangdong, China. Some of the V. alginolyticus strains are pathogenic to aquatic animals, and might have derived their virulence genes from V. parahaemolyticus or V. cholerae, representing a possible reservoir of these genes. However, there is no correlation between presence and absence of the virulence genes used to investigate V. alginolyticus and its virulent strains. In this report, we also show that tlh is distributed among V. alginolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Y Xie
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang D, Manos J, Ma X, Belas R, Karaolis DK. Transcriptional analysis and operon structure of thetagAâorf2âorf3âmopâtagDregion on theVibriopathogenicity island in epidemicV. cholerae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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