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Abdul Mutalib NE, Mat Isa N, Alitheen NB, Song AAL, Rahim RA. IRES-incorporated lactococcal bicistronic vector for target gene expression in a eukaryotic system. Plasmid 2014; 73:26-33. [PMID: 24780699 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasmid DNAs isolated from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) has been gaining more interests for its positive prospects in genetic engineering-related applications. In this study, the lactococcal plasmid, pNZ8048 was modified so as to be able to express multiple genes in the eukaryotic system. Therefore, a cassette containing an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) was cloned between VP2 gene of a very virulent infectious bursal disease (vvIBDV) UPM 04190 of Malaysian local isolates and the reporter gene, green fluorescent protein (GFP) into pNZ:CA, a newly constructed derivative of pNZ8048 harboring the cytomegalovirus promoter (Pcmv) and polyadenylation signal. The new bicistronic vector, denoted as pNZ:vig was subjected to in vitro transcription/translation system followed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis to rapidly verify its functionality. Immunoblotting profiles showed the presence of 49 and 29kDa bands that corresponds to the sizes of the VP2 and GFP proteins respectively. This preliminary result shows that the newly constructed lactococcal bicistronic vector can co-express multiple genes in a eukaryotic system via the IRES element thus suggesting its feasibility to be used for transfection of in vitro cell cultures and vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Elina Abdul Mutalib
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nurulfiza Mat Isa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Adelene Ai-Lian Song
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Raha Abdul Rahim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Mishra PJ, Menon LG, Mishra PJ, Mayer-Kuckuk P, Bertino JR, Banerjee D. Translational Modulation of Proteins Expressed from Bicistronic Vectors. Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2009.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Prasun J. Mishra
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
| | - Lata G. Menon
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
| | - Pravin J. Mishra
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
| | - Philipp Mayer-Kuckuk
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
| | - Joseph R. Bertino
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
| | - Debabrata Banerjee
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's
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Kojima Y, Jounai N, Takeshita F, Nakazawa M, Okuda K, Watabe S, Xin KQ, Okuda K. The degree of apoptosis as an immunostimulant for a DNA vaccine against HIV-1 infection. Vaccine 2007; 25:438-45. [PMID: 17079059 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To regulate the expression of the apoptotic gene, we constructed bicistronic DNA vaccines that encode for HIV env and caspase-3 mutant (casp 3m) that are expressed via the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-dependent translations. While IRES-casp 3m induced weak apoptosis and caused little reduction in antigen expression, CMV-casp 3m elicited strong apoptosis and led to a marked decrease in the antigen expression. Therefore, IRES-casp 3m augmented HIV-specific immune responses, and IRES-casp 3m induced significant protection against the vaccinia-HIV chimeric virus. These results suggest that the appropriate level of apoptosis is important for DNA vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitsugu Kojima
- Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Mizuguchi H, Xu Z, Ishii-Watabe A, Uchida E, Hayakawa T. IRES-dependent second gene expression is significantly lower than cap-dependent first gene expression in a bicistronic vector. Mol Ther 2000; 1:376-82. [PMID: 10933956 DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2000.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal ribosome entry site (IRES) has been widely used to coexpress heterologous gene products by a message from a single promoter. However, little is known about the efficiency of IRES-dependent second gene expression in comparison with that of first gene expression. This study was undertaken to characterize the relative expression of IRES-dependent second gene in a bicistronic vector, which was derived from the 5' untranslated regions of the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). IRES-dependent second gene expression was compared with cap-dependent first gene expression in several cultured cell lines and in mouse liver in vivo. The expression of the IRES-dependent second gene ranged from 6 to 100% (in most cases between 20 and 50%) that of the first gene. Second gene expression in a plasmid without the IRES was 0.1-0.8% (with some exceptions) that of the first gene. These findings have important implications for the use of IRES, i.e., care should be taken regarding the decreased capacity of IRES-dependent downstream gene expression as well as in determining which gene should be positioned as the first or second gene in a bicistronic vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mizuguchi
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
IRESs are known to recruit ribosomes directly, without a previous scanning of untranslated region of mRNA by the ribosomes. IRESs have been found in a number of viral and cellular mRNAs. Experimentally, IRESs are commonly used to direct the expression of the second cistrons of bicistronic mRNAs. The mechanism of action of IRESs is not fully understood and a certain number of laboratories were not successful in using them in a reliable manner. Three observations done in our laboratory suggested that IRESs might not work as functionally as it was generally believed. Stem loops added before IRESs inhibited mRNA translation. When added into bicistronic mRNAs, IRESs initiated translation of the second cistrons efficiently only when the intercistronic region contained about 80 nucleotides, and they did not work any more effectively with intercistronic regions containing at least 300-400 nucleotides. Conversely, IRESs inserted at any position into the coding region of a cistron interrupted its translation and initiated translation of the following cistron. The first two data are hardly compatible with the idea that IRESs are able to recruit ribosomes without using the classical scanning mechanism. IRESs are highly structured and cannot be scanned by the 40S ribosomal subunit. We suggest that IRESs are short-circuited and are essentially potent stimulators favoring translation in particular physiological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Houdebine
- Laboratoire de Differenciation Cellulaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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