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Determination of (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen enantiomers in human plasma after chiral precolumn derivatization by reversed-phase LC–ESI-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:2909-27. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A selective, sensitive and high-throughput LC–ESI-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the chromatographic separation and quantitation of (S)-(+)-ibuprofen and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen after derivatization with (S)-(-)-1-(1-napthyl)ethylamine using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole as the activator of the carboxylic acid group and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide as the coupling reagent in human plasma. Results: Both the analytes were chromatographically separated with a resolution factor of 1.27 on a Kinetex PFP (50 × 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm) analytical column. The method was validated over the concentration range of 0.10–32.0 µg/ml for both the enantiomers. The magnitude of matrix effect was assessed by post-column analyte infusion and also by precision (%CV) values for the calculated slopes of calibration curves. The mean extraction recovery was >91% for both the enantiomers. Conclusion: The method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study in 34 healthy human subjects. The assay reproducibility was confirmed by reanalysis of 130 subject samples.
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Hashim NH, Nghiem LD, Stuetz RM, Khan SJ. Enantiospecific fate of ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen in a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:6249-6258. [PMID: 21974875 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The enantiospecific fate of three common pharmaceuticals was monitored in a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR). The MBR was operated with a hydraulic retention time of 24 h and a mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of 8.6-10 g/L. Standard solutions of ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen were dosed into the synthetic feed of the MBR. Influent and permeate samples were then collected for enantiospecific analysis. The individual (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of the three pharmaceuticals were derivatised using a chiral derivatizing agent to form pairs of diastereomers, which could then be separated and analysed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Accurate quantitation of individual enantiomers was undertaken by an isotope dilution process. By comparing the total concentration (as the sum of the two enantiomers) in the MBR influent and permeate, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen concentrations were observed to have been reduced as much as 99%, 43% and 68%, respectively. Furthermore, evidence of enantioselective biodegradation was observed for all three pharmaceuticals. (S)-Ibuprofen was shown to be preferentially degraded compared to (R)-ibuprofen with an average decrease in enantiomeric fraction (EF) from 0.52 to 0.39. In contrast, (R)-ketoprofen was preferentially degraded compared to (S)-ketoprofen with a relatively minor increase in EF from 0.52 to 0.63. The use of a relatively pure enantiomeric solution of (S)-naproxen resulted in a significant change in EF from 0.99 to 0.65. However, this experiment consistently revealed significantly increased concentrations of (R)-naproxen during MBR treatment. It is hypothesised that the source of this (R)-naproxen was the enantiomeric inversion of (S)-naproxen. Such enantiomeric inversion of chiral pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment processes has not previously been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Hashim
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
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3
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Suenami K, Lim LW, Takeuchi T, Sasajima Y, Sato K, Takekoshi Y, Kanno S. On-line sample extraction and enrichment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by pre-column in capillary liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 846:176-83. [PMID: 16971191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 16 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in human plasma by capillary liquid chromatography (LC) and quadrupole mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization operated in the negative ion mode. The sample clean-up and enrichment on a pre-column were accomplished on-line to improve the sensitivity. This method greatly reduced sample preparation time and sample volume compared with off-line sample extraction methods and conventional LC methods, respectively. The recoveries of NSAIDs from human plasma were 56.7-96.9%. The total analytical time for a single analytical run was approximately 15 min. The detection limits of NSAIDs were 0.001-0.075 microg ml(-1) using a selected ion monitoring mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Suenami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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Suenami K, Wah Lim L, Takeuchi T, Sasajima Y, Sato K, Takekoshi Y, Kanno S. Direct determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by column-switching LC–MS. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:2725-32. [PMID: 17305233 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A method for determination of 16 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in human plasma samples without time-consuming sample pre-treatments was developed. The system consisted of two pumps for mobile phase delivery, a six-port switching valve, a pre-column (Oasis HLB Cartridge Column), and a reversed phase analytical column (COSMOSIL 3C18-MS-II). The analytes were trapped on the precolumn and subsequently separated on the analytical column. The present method allowed on-line sample clean-up and enrichment, leading to improved sensitivity without any tedious sample preparation. The recoveries of NSAIDs from human plasma by column-switching were greater than 72.6%. The total analysis time for a single analytical run was approximately 11 min. The detection limits of NSAIDs were 0.0025 to 0.2 microg/mL using the selected ion monitoring mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Suenami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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5
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Lau YY. Determination of Ibuprofen Enantiomers in Human Plasma by Derivatization and High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079608017147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yau Yi Lau
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Corning Hazleton Inc. , 3301 Kinsman, Boulevard Madison, WI, 53704, USA
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de Oliveira ARM, de Santana FJM, Bonato PS. Stereoselective determination of the major ibuprofen metabolites in human urine by off-line coupling solid-phase microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Bauza R, Rı́os A, Valcárcel M. Supercritical fluid extraction with in situ chiral derivatization for the enantiospecific determination of ibuprofen in urine samples. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Tan SC, Baker JA, Stevens N, deBiasi V, Salter C, Chalaux M, Afarinkia K, Hutt AJ. Synthesis, chromatographic resolution and chiroptical properties of carboxyibuprofen stereoisomers: major metabolites of ibuprofen in man. Chirality 2000; 9:75-87. [PMID: 9094205 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-636x(1997)9:1<75::aid-chir14>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The chromatographic resolution of the four stereoisomers of carboxy-ibuprofen, a major metabolite of ibuprofen in man, was achieved using a Chiralpak AD chiral stationary phase (CSP) (J.T. Baker, Milton, Keynes, UK). The elution order of the stereoisomers was determined to be 2'S,2R;2'R,2R;2'R,2S;2'S,2S by a combination of stereoselective synthesis of diastereoisomeric mixtures and analysis of the two diastereoisomers isolated from human urine following the administration of (S)-ibuprofen. The individual stereoisomers were isolated by semipreparative chiral phase chromatography and characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, King's College London, United Kingdom
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9
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Abstract
Ibuprofen is one of the most effective and widely used non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. It is marketed as a racemic mixture though it is known that the pharmacological activity resides in the (S)-(+)-enantiomer only. Several direct/indirect liquid chromatographic methods involving a variety of chiral/achiral phases along with their possible role in resolution, chiral and achiral agents used for derivatisation have been discussed with special reference to ibuprofen, and mentioning their application to the resolution of other 2-aryl-propionic acids/profens.
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10
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Tan SC, Jackson SH, Swift CG, Hutt AJ. Stereospecific analysis of the major metabolites of ibuprofen in urine by sequential achiral-chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 701:53-63. [PMID: 9389338 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A sequential achiral-chiral HPLC method has been developed for the stereospecific analysis of the two major urinary metabolites of ibuprofen, namely hydroxyibuprofen and carboxyibuprofen. Achiral analysis was carried out using a Partisil column (250x4.6 mm, 5 microm) and a mobile phase of hexane:ethanol (98.2:1.8, v/v) containing trifluoroacetic acid (TFA; 0.05%, v/v) at a flow-rate of 2.0 ml/min. The HPLC eluate containing the two metabolites was separately collected, evaporated under nitrogen and the residue dissolved in the mobile phase used for chiral chromatography. Chiral-phase analysis was carried out using a Chiralpak AD CSP (250x4.6 mm, 10 microm) with a mobile phase of hexane:ethanol (92:8, v/v) containing TFA (0.05%, v/v) at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min. In both assays the analytes were quantified by ultraviolet detection at a wavelength of 220 nm. Modification of the mobile-phase composition allowed the resolution of all six analytes in a single chromatographic run but with an increase in run time and consequent band broadening. The analytical method described allows the direct quantitation of the stereoisomers of both metabolites of ibuprofen in urine following the administration of therapeutic doses of the racemic drug to man.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, King's College London, UK
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11
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Tesarvá E, Gilar M, Jegorov A, Uhrová M, Deyl Z. Chiral resolution of flobufen by high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 1997; 11:321-4. [PMID: 9376718 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0801(199709)11:5<321::aid-bmc710>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The enantiomeric separation of an anti-inflammatory drug flobufen was performed on various chiral columns in liquid chromatography and by reversed phase chromatography and by capillary electrophoresis with beta-cyclodextrin as a chiral selector in the mobile phase and background electrolyte, respectively. The elution order of individual enantiomers is discussed with respect to the absolute chirality of (+/-)-flobufen determined by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tesarvá
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Enantiospecific analysis of ibuprofen by high performance liquid chromatography: Determination of free and total drug enantiomer concentrations in serum and urine. Chromatographia 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Hirai T, Matsumoto S, Kishi I. Simultaneous analysis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with normal solid-phase extraction. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 692:375-88. [PMID: 9188827 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A practical and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic method using normal solid-phase extraction has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of twelve non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in human urine. A urine specimen mixed with acetate buffer pH 5.0 was purified by solid-phase extraction on a Sep-Pak Silica cartridge. The analyte was chromatographed by a reversed-phase Inertsil ODS-2 column using a phosphate buffer-acetonitrile at pH 5.0 as the mobile phase, and the effluent from the column was monitored at 230 or 320 nm. Absolute recoveries were greater than 73% for all of the twelve NSAIDs. The present method enabled simple manipulation and isocratic HPLC with UV analysis as well as high sensitivity of 0.005 microg/ml for naproxen, and 0.05 microg/ml for sulindac, piroxicam, loxoprofen, ketoprofen, felbinac, fenbufen, flurbiprofen, diclofenac, ibuprofen and mefenamic acid as the quantitation limit in human urine using indomethacin as an internal standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hirai
- Medical Research Laboratories, Lederle (Japan) Ltd., Shiki-shi, Saitama
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14
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Davies NM. Methods of analysis of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 691:229-61. [PMID: 9174260 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the analysis of the enantiomers of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been carried out for over 20 years, there often remains a deficit within the pharmaceutical and medical sciences to address this issue. Hence, despite world-wide therapeutic use of chiral NSAIDs the importance of stereoselectivity in pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and pharmacological activity and disposition has often been ignored. This review presents both the general principles that allow separation of chiral NSAID enantiomers, and discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of the available chromatographic assay methods and procedures used to separately quantify NSAID enantiomers in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Davies
- University of Calgary, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Alb., Canada
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15
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Overbeke AV, Baeyens W, Dewaele C. Comparative Study on the Enantiomeric Separation of Several Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Two Cellulose-Based Chiral Stationary Phases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079508013972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Van Overbeke A, Baeyens W, Van den Bossche W, Dewaele C. Enantiomeric separation of amide derivatives of some 2-arylpropionic acids by HPLC on a cellulose-based chiral stationary phase. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1994; 12:911-6. [PMID: 7981320 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(94)e0012-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of the R- and S-enantiomers of ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and tiaprofenic acid. Separation has been achieved using a tris(4-methylbenzoate)cellulose phase after derivatization into their amides. Flurbiprofen could also be partially resolved into its enantiomers without prior derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Overbeke
- Laboratory of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Kempe M, Mosbach K. Direct resolution of naproxen on a non-covalently molecularly imprinted chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)87016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Nicoll-Griffith D, Scartozzi M, Chiem N. Automated derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of ibuprofen enantiomers. J Chromatogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(93)83182-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Lemko CH, Caillé G, Foster RT. Stereospecific high-performance liquid chromatographic assay of ibuprofen: improved sensitivity and sample processing efficiency. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1993; 619:330-5. [PMID: 8263108 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(93)80126-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay suitable for the analysis of the enantiomers of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen (IB) in plasma was developed. Following the addition of racemic fenoprofen as internal standard (I.S.), samples are acidified and extracted with a mixture of isooctane-isopropanol (95:5, v/v). After evaporation of the organic layer, the drug and I.S. are derivatized with S-(-)-1(1-naphthyl)ethylamine (S-NEA) after addition of ethyl chloroformate as the coupling reagent. Ethanolamine is added 3 min after the addition of S-NEA to react with the excessive ethyl chloroformate. The resultant diastereomers corresponding to IB and I.S. were chromatographed at ambient temperature on a 100 mm x 4.6 mm I.D. C18 reversed-phase column using acetonitrile-water-acetic acid-triethylamine (60:40:0.1:0.02) as the mobile phase pumped at a flow-rate of 1.2 ml/min. Detection of the fluorescent chromophore was at 280 and 320 nm for excitation and emission, respectively. The suitability of the assay for clinical pharmacokinetic studies of IB was determined by the analysis of plasma samples obtained from a healthy volunteer, following administration of a single 400-mg oral dose of racemic IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lemko
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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20
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Direct high-performance liquid chromatographic resolution of 2-aryl- and 2-heteroarylpropionic acids on a chiral stationary phase containing the N,N′-dinitrobenzoyl derivative of (1R,2R)-diaminocyclohexane. J Chromatogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(93)83140-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Wright MR, Sattari S, Brocks DR, Jamali F. Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic assay method for the enantiomers of ibuprofen. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1992; 583:259-65. [PMID: 1478991 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(92)80562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, inexpensive and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitation of ibuprofen enantiomers from a variety of biological fluids is reported. This method uses a commercially available internal standard and has significantly less interference from endogenous co-extracted solutes than do previously reported methods. The method involves the acid extraction of drug and internal standard [(+/-)-fenoprofen] from the biological fluid with isooctane-isopropanol (95:5) followed by evaporation and derivatization with ethylchloroformate and R-(+)-alpha-phenylethylamine. Excellent linearity was observed between the peak-area ratio and enantiomer concentration (r > 0.99) over a concentration range of 0.25-50 micrograms/ml. This method is suitable for the quantitation of ibuprofen from single-dose pharmacokinetic studies involving either rats or humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Wright
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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22
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23
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Separation of drug enantiomers by HPLC using chiral stationary phases — A selective review. Chromatographia 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02269804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Rudy AC, Anliker KS, Hall SD. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of the stereoisomeric metabolites of ibuprofen. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1990; 528:395-405. [PMID: 2384577 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A stereospecific reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed to simultaneously quantitate the stereoisomers of the two major metabolites of ibuprofen: hydroxyibuprofen and carboxyibuprofen. The metabolites were derivatized with S-(alpha)-methylbenzylamine to form diastereomeric amides which were separated and quantified on a C8 column. The validity of the stereoselective assay was confirmed by comparison with a non-stereoselective HPLC method. The stereoselective assay was applied to the quantification of all the stereoisomeric ibuprofen metabolites in urine from human volunteers dosed with racemic ibuprofen or the individual enantiomers of ibuprofen. Significant substrate and product stereo-selectivities were observed in the formation of carboxyibuprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Rudy
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical School, Wishard Memorial Hospital, Indianapolis 46202
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25
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Avgerinos A, Hutt AJ. Interindividual variability in the enantiomeric disposition of ibuprofen following the oral administration of the racemic drug to healthy volunteers. Chirality 1990; 2:249-56. [PMID: 2083147 DOI: 10.1002/chir.530020410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The plasma disposition of the enantiomers of ibuprofen has been investigated following the oral administration of the racemic drug (400 mg) to 24 healthy male volunteers. The plasma elimination of (R)-ibuprofen was found to be more rapid than that of the S-enantiomer [plasma half-life: (R) 2.03 h; (S) 3.05 h; 2P less than 0.001], resulting in a progressive enrichment in the plasma content of this isomer, some 64% of the total area under the plasma concentration time curves (AUC) being due to the pharmacologically active enantiomer. The influence of dose on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the enantiomers of ibuprofen, over the range 200-800 mg, was investigated in three subjects. Examination of dose-normalized AUC values and oral clearance indicate the dose dependence of (R)-ibuprofen disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Avgerinos
- Department of Pharmacy, Brighton Polytechnic, Moulsecoomb, United Kingdom
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26
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Carlson Å, Gyllenhaal O. Separation of carboxylic acid enantiomers by gas chromatography after rapid derivatization with (R)- or (S)-1-phenylethylamine after activation by ethyl chloroformate. J Chromatogr A 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)91275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Geisslinger G, Dietzel K, Loew D, Schuster O, Rau G, Lachmann G, Brune K. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of ibuprofen, its metabolites and enantiomers in biological fluids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1989; 491:139-49. [PMID: 2793968 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method to determine racemic ibuprofen (assay I) and its major metabolites (assay II) in biological fluids (plasma, urine, bile) using a conventional reversed-phase column is described. A third assay using beta-cyclodextrin as stationary phase (Cyclobond I) for the separation of the ibuprofen enantiomers is also described. A wavelength of 220 nm was used to monitor the substances. The sensitivity of the method was 0.1 microgram/ml for all three assays. The method was demonstrated to be suitable for stereoselective pharmacokinetic studies of ibuprofen in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Geisslinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, F.R.G
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