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Xiong C, Fang F, Chen L, Yang Q, He J, Zhou D, Shen B, Ma L, Sun Y, Zhang D, Zhu C. Trypsin-catalyzed deltamethrin degradation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89517. [PMID: 24594869 PMCID: PMC3940599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore if trypsin could catalyze the degradation of non-protein molecule deltamethrin, we compared in vitro hydrolytic reactions of deltamethrin in the presence and absence of trypsin with ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, acute oral toxicity of the degradation products was determined in Wistar rats. The results show that the absorption peak of deltamethrin is around 264 nm, while the absorption peaks of deltamethrin degradation products are around 250 nm and 296 nm. In our GC setting, the retention time of undegraded deltamethrin was 37.968 min, while those of deltamethrin degradation products were 15.289 min and 18.730 min. The LD50 of deltamethrin in Wistar rats is 55 mg/kg, while that of deltamethrin degradation products is 3358 mg/kg in female rats and 1045 mg/kg in male rates (61-fold and 19-fold reductions in toxicity), suggesting that trypsin could directly degrade deltamethrin, which significantly reduces the toxicity of deltamethrin. These results expand people's understanding of the functions of proteases and point to potential applications of trypsin as an attractive agent to control residual pesticides in the environment and on agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Xiong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fujin Fang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinggui Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji He
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Changliang Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yang Q, Sun L, Zhang D, Qian J, Sun Y, Ma L, Sun J, Hu X, Tan W, Wang W, Zhu C. Partial characterization of deltamethrin metabolism catalyzed by chymotrypsin. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:1528-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cucinotta V, Giuffrida A, Grasso G, Maccarrone G, Messina M, Vecchio G. High selectivity in new chiral separations of dansyl amino acids by cyclodextrin derivatives in electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1155:172-9. [PMID: 17320887 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomeric pairs of 11 dansyl derivatives of alpha-amino acids were used as analytes in electrokinetic chromatography to test the ability as chiral selectors of two pure derivatives of beta-cyclodextrin: the ethylendiamine derivative in primary position (CDen) and a member of a new class of receptors, the cysteamine-bridged hemispherodextrin THCMH. The selectivity obtained by the presence of the hemispherodextrin, appears particularly promising as shown by the large values of resolution obtained. The importance of a detailed analysis of these data is discussed in terms of suggestions for a rational approach to separation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cucinotta
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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