High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for abacavir and its two major metabolites in human urine and cerebrospinal fluid

Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Abacavir and Lamivudine by Reversed-phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Forms

Objective:

A simple rapid, accurate, precise, and reproducible validated reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of Abacavir (ABAC) and Lamivudine (LAMI) in bulk and tablet dosage forms.

Methods:

The quantification was carried out using Symmetry Premsil C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column run in isocratic way using mobile phase comprising methanol: water (0.05% orthophosphoric acid with pH 3) 83:17 v/v and a detection wavelength of 245 nm and injection volume of 20 μl, with a flow rate of 1 ml/min.

Results:

In the developed method, the retention times of ABAC and LAMI were found to be 3.5 min and 7.4 min, respectively. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of detection, limits of quantitation, and robustness in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

Conclusion:

The assay of the proposed method was found to be 99% – 101%. The recovery studies were also carried out and mean % recovery was found to be 99% – 101%. The % relative standard deviation from reproducibility was found to be <2%. The proposed method was statistically evaluated and can be applied for routine quality control analysis of ABAC and LAMI in bulk and in tablet dosage form.

SUMMARY

Attempts were made to develop RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of Abacavir and Lamivudine for the RP-HPLC method. The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. The linearity, precision, range, robustness were within the limits as specified by the ICH guidelines. Hence the method was found to be simple, accurate, precise, economic and reproducible. So the proposed methods can be used for the routine quality control analysis of Abacavir and Lamivudine in bulk drug as well as in formulations.

Abbreviations Used: HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography, UV: Ultraviolet, ICH: International Conference on Harmonization, ABAC: Abacavir, LAMI: Lamivudine, HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus, AIDS: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, NRTI: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ARV: Antiretroviral, RSD: Relative standard deviation, RT: Retention time, SD: Standard deviation.

Development and validation of a reverse-phase liquid chromatographic method for assay and related substances of abacavir sulfate

A simple isocratic liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of abacavir from its related substances and assay for the first time. This method involves the usage of C18 (Intertsil octadecyl silane-3V, 150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column. The method was validated over the range of 0.002-0.1 mg/mL for chloro impurity, 0.005-0.1 mg/mL for amino impurity and pyrimidine impurity, and 0.005-0.2 mg/mL for abacavir. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer and ACN in the ratio of 90:10. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min with UV detection monitored at 214 nm. The drug substance was subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal degradation. The developed method was validated for linearity, range, precision, accuracy, and specificity. This method can be conveniently used in a quality control laboratory for routine analysis of both related substances and assay.

Determination of abacavir in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and the analytical error function

A rapid and simple high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the determination of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir in human plasma. It included a single liquid-liquid extraction procedure with a mixture of ethyl acetate-diethyl ether prior to reversed-phase chromatography on a C18 column and C18 precolumn insert. Ultraviolet detection was set at 285 nm. The mobile phase consisted of water-acetonitrile (83:17, v/v) and the flow rate was kept at 1 mL/min. The total run time for a single analysis was 10 min. The method has been validated over the range 50-2500 ng/mL. The assay was linear over the entire concentration range (r2 = 0.9993). Intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were less than 8.1 and -5.2%, respectively. The extraction recovery was greater than 94.3%. Abacavir was stable under the relevant storage conditions tested. After the validation, the analytical error function was established as standard deviation (SD; ng/mL) = -1.072 + 0.037C (C = theoretical concentration value). The method developed and its associated analytical error function will be suitable for pharmacokinetic studies and monitoring of HIV-1 patients.

Simultaneous determination of six HIV nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nevirapine by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection

An accurate, sensitive and specific reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography assay for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors zalcitabine, lamivudine, didanosine, stavudine, zidovudine, and abacavir with the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine in human blood plasma is described. The new Polarity dC C(18) silica column used in this method provides better resolution and peak shape than all other columns tested. Also, four different ultraviolet wavelengths were used for accurate and specific quantitation of the analytes. The method was validated over the range of 10-10000 ng/ml for all analytes except zalcitabine (10-5000 ng/ml). This method is accurate (average accuracies of three different concentrations ranged from 97.2 to 105%), and precise (within- and between-day precision measures ranged from 0.5 to 5.1% and 0.5 to 5.6%, respectively), and is currently being used for determination of plasma drug concentrations in our laboratory.