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Zarei K, Fatemi L, Kor K. Stripping voltammetric determination of nicardipine using β-cyclodextrin incorporated carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrode. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815050184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Dai Z, Pittman CU, Li T. Enantiomeric recognition of racemic 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives via chiralpak AD-H stationary phases. Chirality 2012; 24:854-9. [PMID: 22777984 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The chromatographic chiral resolution of two new series of racemic 4-substituted-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives was studied on a commercial Chiralpak AD-H column. Analytes without 5,5-dimethyl substituents (1-15) are more efficiently resolved than analytes with 5,5-dimethyl groups (16-30). The AD-H column discriminated between enantiomers through both hydrogen bonding attractions and π-π interactions. This interpretation is in accord with plots of the logarithm of separation factors, log(α), versus σ (Hammett-Swain substituent parameter) and σ(+) (Brown substituent constant) plots. By elucidating the effects of the remote substituents on these chiral separations, it was shown that the influence of π-π interaction forces increase when steric bulk effects act to decrease the hydrogen bonding attractive forces on the AD-H column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA
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3
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Sobolev A, Franssen M, Duburs G, Groot AD. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of enantiopure 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10242420400009939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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Uno T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K. ENANTIOSELECTIVE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF MANIDIPINE IN HUMAN PLASMA. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100101721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Uno
- a Department of Pharmacy , Hirosaki University Hospital , Hirosaki , 036-8563 , Japan
| | - Tadashi Ohkubo
- b Department of Pharmacy , Hirosaki University Hospital , Hirosaki , 036-8563 , Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sugawara
- a Department of Pharmacy , Hirosaki University Hospital , Hirosaki , 036-8563 , Japan
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Walash MI, Belal F, El‐Enany N, Abdelal A. Microemulsion Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Nicardipine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Fluids. Application to Stability Studies. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070601128394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Walash
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Mansoura , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - F. Belal
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Mansoura , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - N. El‐Enany
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Mansoura , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A. Abdelal
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Mansoura , Mansoura, Egypt
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Morante-Zarcero S, del Hierro I, Fajardo M, Sierra I. Chiral separation of glycidol enantiomers by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Wang S, He L, Yun B. The difference between nicardipine and its enantiomers on inhibiting vasoconstriction of isolated rabbit thoracic artery. Arch Pharm Res 2005; 28:319-24. [PMID: 15832820 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to study the difference effects between nicardipine and its two enantiomers on thoracic artery of rabbit. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was used to prepare the two enantiomers of nicardipine. The thoracic artery of rabbit was removed. The vessels were cut into 3 mm in width and 15 mm in length spiral strips and immersed into tissue baths. The concentration-response curves of nicardipine and its enantiomers were obtained by cumulative administration of the vasoconstrictors. Nicardipine and the enantiomers could shift the dose-response curves of NE, KCl or CaCl2 to right in a nonparallel manner and decrease the maximum effective in a concentration-depended manner, respectively. The pD2' value of R-(-)-nicardipine showed significantly effective than that of nicardipine and S-(+)-nicardipine (P<0.01). There was not obviouse difference between the pD2' value of nicardipine and S-(+)-nicardipine (P>0.05). The results demonstrate that the stereoselective interaction between R-(-)-nicardipine and L-calcium channel receptor is more stronger than that of S-(+)-nicardipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Osanai T, Ohkubo T. Development of High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Brotizolam in Human Plasma. A Clinical Pharmacokinetic Study. ANAL LETT 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120026419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Fernandes CM, Veiga FJB. A simple method for nicardipine hydrochloride quantification in plasma using solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2003; 17:33-8. [PMID: 12583003 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the determination of nicardipine hydrochloride (NC) in rabbit plasma. Nicardipine hydrochloride and nimodipine, used as internal standard, were initially extracted from plasma by a rapid solid-phase extraction using C(18) cartridges. After extraction, nicardipine hydrochloride was separated by HPLC on a C(18) column and quantified by ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. A mixture of acetonitrile-0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer-methanol (45:40:15) with 0.2% of triethylamine of pH of 6.1 was used as mobile phase. The mean (+/-SD) extraction efficiency of NC was 77.56 +/- 5.4, 84.23 +/- 4.32 and 83.94 +/- 3.87% for drug concentrations of 5, 25 and 100 ng/mL, respectively. The method proved to be linear in the range of 5-100 ng/mL with a regression coefficient of 0.9993. The relative standard deviations of intra- and inter-day analysis for NC in plasma were 3.26-6.52% (n = 5) and 4.71-9.38% (n = 5), respectively. The differences of the mean value measured from the concentration prepared, expressed in percentages (bias percentage), were only - 5.2, 0.4 and 0.8% at NC 5, 25 and 50 ng/mL, which confirmed the accuracy of the method. The analytical technique was used to determine NC plasma concentration after drug oral administration to rabbits. The results inferred that NC is rapidly absorbed in rabbits and has a short half-life (t(1/2) = 1.34 h).
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Inotsume N, Nakano M. Stereoselective determination and pharmacokinetics of dihydropyridines: an updated review. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2002; 54:255-74. [PMID: 12543503 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(02)00120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
All dihydropyridines, except nifedipine, have at least one chiral center, and their pharmacokinetics and clinical effects differ from one enantiomer to another. Chiral separation methods for dihydropyridines using chromatographic techniques are discussed. The stereoselective pharmacokinetics of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists were reviewed in detail in 1995. The present review article updates the methods for the stereoselective determination of dihydropyridines using chromatographic techniques and summarizes the pharmacokinetics of the dihydropyridines, including the newest drugs under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Inotsume
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hokkaido College of Pharmacy, 7-1 Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru 047-0264, Japan
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Bojarski J. Stereoselective chromatography of cardiovascular drugs: an update. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 2002; 54:197-220. [PMID: 12543499 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(02)00143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This review reports the latest achievements in chromatographic enantioseparations of various classes of cardiovascular drugs and selected applications of these methods in pharmaceutical and clinical analysis. The use of these drugs as test compounds for new chiral stationary phases and different parameters of chromatographic processes is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Bojarski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
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Pomponio R, Gotti R, Bertucci C, Cavrini V. Evidences of cyclodextrin-mediated enantioselective photodegradation of rac-nicardipine by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:3243-50. [PMID: 11589286 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200109)22:15<3243::aid-elps3243>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was applied to photostability studies on rac-nicardipine, a dihydropyridine chiral drug. CE methods were developed able to provide the enantioresolution of drug and its separation from the photodegradation products. Enantioresolution was achieved using 5% sulfated-beta-cyclodextrin (S-beta-CD) as chiral selector in 20 mM triethanolammonium phosphate solution (pH 3). The photostability studies were carried out on inclusion complexes of rac-nicardipine with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and (2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) in aqueous solutions (pH 7.4 and 5). The CE analysis of the solutions exposed to UV-A and UV-B radiations showed a photoprotective effect by beta-CD; conversely, HP-beta-CD proved to favor the drug photodegradation. Moreover, evidences for CDs-mediated stereoselective photodegradation of rac-nicardipine were obtained. In fact, two distinct photodegradation profiles were observed for the nicardipine enantiomers in the presence of the CDs. The photodegradation was found to follow an apparent first-order kinetics and two different kinetic constants (k) were obtained for the two enantiomers. After exposure to UV-A and UV-B radiations, the solutions contained residual nicardipine with a significant change in the enantiomeric ratio; this effect was depending on the CD used for the inclusion complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pomponio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita' di Bologna, Italy
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Maurer HH. Systematic toxicological analysis procedures for acidic drugs and/or metabolites relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology and/or doping control. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1999; 733:3-25. [PMID: 10572972 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedures for acidic drugs and/or metabolites relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology or doping control using gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Papers from 1992 to 1998 have been taken into consideration. Screening procedures in biosamples (whole blood, plasma, serum, urine, vitreous humor, brain, liver or hair) of humans or animals (horse, or rat) are included for the following drug classes: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II (AT-II) blockers, anticoagulants of the 4-hydroxy coumarin type, barbiturates, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (calcium antagonists), diuretics, hypoglycemic sulfonylureas and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methods for confirmation of preliminary results obtained by screening procedures using immunoassay or chromatographic techniques are also included. Furthermore, procedures for the simultaneous detection of several drug classes are reviewed. The toxicological question to be answered and the consequences for the choice of an adequate method, the sample preparation and the chromatography itself are discussed. The basic information about the biosample assayed, work-up, separation column, mobile phase or separation buffer, detection mode and validation data of each procedure is summarized in 16 tables. They are arranged according to the drug class and the analytical method. Examples of typical applications are presented. Finally, STA procedures are reviewed and described allowing simultaneous screening for different (acidic) drug classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Maurer
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Saarland, Homburg (Saar), Germany.
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Meng QC, Cheung AT, Guvakov D, Weiss SJ, Savino JS, Salgo IS, Marshall BE. Extraction and quantification of nicardipine in human plasma. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1998; 718:121-7. [PMID: 9832368 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel simple method of extraction, separation, identification and quantification of nicardipine in human plasma samples was completely studied. The human plasma samples were initially purified by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using a C18 cartridge. The extracted samples were separated and nicardipine present in the samples was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a reversed-phase C18 column employing a mobile phase consisting of 60% (v/v) acetonitrile in 0.02 M NaH2PO4 with pH of 6.3 and a variable wavelength UV detector set at 254 nm. The recovery of nicardipine from plasma samples using selective SPE was 91+/-6.0% and had less interfering compounds in the HPLC analysis compared to the use of liquid-liquid (L/L) extraction. In the HPLC analysis, examining the effect of pH values of the mobile phase on the capacity factor (k') of nicardipine revealed a method for selecting a critical k' value of nicardipine to eliminate interfering peaks near the peak specific to the analyte. This method for quantification of nicardipine in human plasma samples was suitable for studying the pharmacokinetic profile of nicardipine administered as an intravenous bolus to cardiac surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q C Meng
- Center for Research in Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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Núñez-Vergara LJ, ´lvarez-Lueje A, Sturm JC, Sunkel C, Squella JA. Systematic HPLC Study of a New Series of 4-Methyl-1,4-dihydropyridines with Antitrombotic Activity. ANAL LETT 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719808005283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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